Halophilic archaea isolated from man-made young (200 years) salt lakes in Slănic, Prahova, Romania

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 388-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mădălin Enache ◽  
Takashi Itoh ◽  
Masahiro Kamekura ◽  
Gabriela Popescu ◽  
Lucia Dumitru
Keyword(s):  
Halophilic Archaea ◽  
Polyphasic Approach ◽  
Salt Lakes ◽  
Salt Deposit ◽  
Extremely Halophilic Archaea ◽  
Total Dna

AbstractWe isolated a number of extremely halophilic archaea from four salt lakes (Red Bath, Green Bath, Shepherd Bath and Bride Cave) located in Slanic Prahova, Romania. The characterization of 12 representative isolates by polyphasic approach revealed that 11 strains were members of the genus Haloferax and only one was a member of the genus Haloarcula. The 11 Haloferax isolates possessed sulfated diglycosylarchaeol-1 as the major membrane glycolipid, and G+C contents of total DNA were 63.4–65.8 mol%. The predominant isolation of Haloferax species from the lakes may suggest that the underground salt deposit possesses Haloferax species as the major biota of ancient origin. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper on the survey of halophilic archaea of man-made young salt lakes.

scholarly journals Reconstructing the evolutionary origins of extreme halophilic Archaeal lineages

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutian Feng ◽  
Uri Neri ◽  
Sean Gosselin ◽  
Artemis S. Louyakis ◽  
R. Thane Papke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Evolution ◽  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Halophilic Archaea ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Catalytic Subunits ◽  
Evolutionary Origins ◽  
Extremely Halophilic Archaea

AbstractInterest and controversy surrounding the evolutionary origins of extremely halophilic Archaea has increased in recent years, due to the discovery and characterization of the Nanohaloarchaea and the Methanonatronarchaeia. Initial attempts in explaining the evolutionary placement of the two new lineages in relation to the classical Halobacteria (also referred to as Haloarchaea) resulted in hypotheses that imply the new groups share a common ancestor with the Haloarchaea. However, more recent analyses have led to a shift: the Nanohaloarchaea have been largely accepted as being a member of the DPANN superphylum, outside of the euryarchaeota; while the Methanonatronarchaeia have been placed near the base of the Methanotecta (composed of the class II methanogens, the halobacteriales, and archaeoglobales). These opposing hypotheses have far-reaching implications on the concepts of convergent evolution (unrelated groups evolve similar strategies for survival), genome reduction, and gene transfer. In this work, we attempt to resolve these conflicts with phylogenetic and phylogenomic data. We provide a robust taxonomic sampling of Archaeal genomes that spans the crenarchaeota, euryarchaeota, and the DPANN superphylum. In addition, we sampled and assembled 7 new representatives of the Nanohaloarchaea, from distinct geographic locations. Phylogenies derived from these data imply the highly conserved ATP synthase catalytic/non-catalytic subunits of Nanohaloarchaea share a sisterhood relationship with the Haloarchaea. This relationship, with strong support, was also observed for several other gene families. In addition, we present and evaluate data that argue for and against the monophyly of the DPANN superphylum. We employed phylogenetic reconstruction, constrained topology tests, and gene concordance factors to explore the support for and against the monophyly of the Haloarchaea, Nanohaloarchaea, and Methanonatronarchaeia.

Characterization of extremely halophilic Archaea isolated from the Ayvalik Saltern, Turkey

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 719-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahel Elevi ◽  
Parvaneh Assa ◽  
Meral Birbir ◽  
Ayse Ogan ◽  
Aharon Oren
Keyword(s):  
Halophilic Archaea ◽  
Extremely Halophilic Archaea

scholarly journals Functional and Molecular Characterization of the Halomicrobium sp. IBSBa Inulosucrase

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 749
Author(s):  
Gülbahar Abaramak ◽  
Jaime Ricardo Porras-Domínguez ◽  
Henry Christopher Janse van Rensburg ◽  
Eveline Lescrinier ◽  
Ebru Toksoy Öner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Halophilic Archaea ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Physiological Relevance ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Specific Alternative ◽  
Binding Groove ◽  
Native Host

Fructans are fructose-based (poly)saccharides with inulin and levan being the best-known ones. Thanks to their health-related benefits, inulin-type fructans have been under the focus of scientific and industrial communities, though mostly represented by plant-based inulins, and rarely by microbial ones. Recently, it was discovered that some extremely halophilic Archaea are also able to synthesize fructans. Here, we describe the first in-depth functional and molecular characterization of an Archaeal inulosucrase from Halomicrobium sp. IBSBa (HmcIsc). The HmcIsc enzyme was recombinantly expressed and purified in Escherichia coli and shown to synthesize inulin as proven by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. In accordance with the halophilic lifestyle of its native host, the enzyme showed maximum activity at very high NaCl concentrations (3.5 M), with specific adaptations for that purpose. Phylogenetic analyses suggested that Archaeal inulosucrases have been acquired from halophilic bacilli through horizontal gene transfer, with a HX(H/F)T motif evolving further into a HXHT motif, together with a unique D residue creating the onset of a specific alternative acceptor binding groove. This work uncovers a novel area in fructan research, highlighting unexplored aspects of life in hypersaline habitats, and raising questions about the general physiological relevance of inulosucrases and their products in nature.

scholarly journals Characterization of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli isolates

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willian Mário de Carvalho Nunes ◽  
Maria Júlia Corazza ◽  
Silvana Aparecida Crestes Dias de Souza ◽  
Siu Mui Tsai ◽  
Eiko Eurya Kuramae
Keyword(s):  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Hypersensitive Reaction ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Xanthomonas Axonopodis ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Total Dna ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Bacterial Plant Pathogen

A simple, quick and easy protocol was standardized for extraction of total DNA of the bacteria Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli. The DNA obtained by this method had high quality and the quantity was enough for the Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) reactions with random primers, and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with primers of the hypersensitivity and pathogenicity gene (hrp). The DNA obtained was free of contamination by proteins or carbohydrates. The ratio 260nm/380nm of the DNA extracted ranged from 1.7 to 1.8. The hrp gene cluster is required by bacterial plant pathogen to produce symptoms on susceptible hosts and hypersensitive reaction on resistant hosts. This gene has been found in different bacteria as well as in Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (9). The primers RST21 and RST22 (9) were used to amplify the hrp gene of nine different isolates of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli from Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil, and one isolate, "Davis". PCR amplified products were obtained in all isolates pathogenic to beans.

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