HRM–PCR is an accurate and sensitive technique for the diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis as compared with conventional PCR

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 310-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabnam Asfaram ◽  
Mahdi Fakhar ◽  
Najmeh Mirani ◽  
Majid Derakhshani-niya ◽  
Reza Valadan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
Sensitive Technique

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of Leishmania tropica and Leishmania major from stray dogs and patients in Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah D Alanazi ◽  
Abdulazi S Alouffi S Alouffi ◽  
Mohamed S Alyousif S Alyousif ◽  
Abdulsadah A Rahi ◽  
Magada A Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Sand Fly ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Leishmania Tropica ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
Stray Dogs ◽  
Control And Prevention

Abstract Background: Leishmania major and Leishmania tropica cause cutaneous leishmaniasis in humans and dogs in several parts of the world, with a large number of cases recorded in the Middle East. However, when occurring in sympatry in the same area, the role of each species in the epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis is not clear.Methods: To determine the prevalence and to identify the species of Leishmania that infect humans and stray dogs in Riyadh and Al-Qaseem (Saudi Arabia), blood samples were collected from stray dogs (n = 311) and human patients (n = 27). A conventional PCR coupled with a nested PCR (n PCR) were applied in this study.Results: A conventional PCR coupled with a nested PCR (n PCR) showed that seven patients (25.9%) from Riyadh city and Al-Qaseem province were infected by L. major and L. tropica and five dogs (1.6%) by L. tropica.Conclusions: This is one of the first molecular studies of leishmaniasis from Saudi Arabia. The relationship between the sand fly vectors and the reservoirs of both Leishmania spp. is still scarcely known in this region, and further epidemiological investigations of domestic and wild canine infected with L. major and L. tropica are needed towards a control and prevention of the infection in canine and human populations.

Clinical, epidemiological and climatic factors related to the occurrence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in an endemic area in northeastern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Oliveira ◽  
K. B. A. Pimentel ◽  
M. L. Moura ◽  
C. F. Aragão ◽  
A. S. Guimarães-e-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Disease Occurrence ◽  
Relative Air Humidity ◽  
Age Range ◽  
And Control

Abstract Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected tropical disease with a wide distribution in the Americas. Brazil is an endemic country and present cases in all states. This study aimed to describe the occurrence, the underlying clinical and epidemiological factors, and the correlation of climatic variables with the frequency of reported CL cases in the municipality of Caxias, state of Maranhão, Brazil. This is a retrospective and descriptive epidemiological study based on data extracted from the Brazilian Information System of Diseases Notification, from 2007 to 2017. Maximum and minimum temperature, precipitation, and relative air humidity data were provided by the Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology. A total of 201 reported autochthonous CL cases were analyzed. The predominance of cases was observed in males (70.1%). The age range between 31 and 60 years old was the most affected, with 96 cases (47.9%). Of the total number of registered cases, 38.8% of the affected individuals were engaged in agriculture-related activities. The georeferenced distribution revealed the heterogeneity of disease occurrence, with cases concentrated in the Western and Southern regions of the municipality. An association was detected between relative air humidity (monthly mean) and the number of CL cases per month (p = 0.04). CL continues to be a concerning public health issue in Caxias. In this context, there is a pressing need to strengthen measures of prevention and control of the disease through the network of health services of the municipality, considering local and regional particularities.

Phylogeny Characterization of Seb Gene Encoding Enterotoxins in Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Raw Milk and Cheese

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (o3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima N. Aziz ◽  
Laith Abdul Hassan Mohammed-Jawad
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B ◽  
Human Pathogen ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Gene Encoding

Food poisoning due to the bacteria is a big global problem in economically and human's health. This problem refers to an illness which is due to infection or the toxin exists in nature and the food that use. Milk is considered a nutritious food because it contains proteins and vitamins. The aim of this study is to detect and phylogeny characterization of staphylococcal enterotoxin B gene (Seb). A total of 200 milk and cheese samples were screened. One hundred ten isolates of Staphylococcus aureus pre-confirmed using selective and differential media with biochemical tests. Genomic DNA was extracted from the isolates and the SEB gene detects using conventional PCR with specific primers. Three staphylococcus aureus isolates were found to be positive for Seb gene using PCR and confirmed by sequencing. Sequence homology showed variety range of identity starting from (100% to 38%). Phylogenetic tree analyses show that samples (6 and 5) are correlated with S. epidermidis. This study discovered that isolates (A6-RLQ and A5-RLQ) are significantly clustered in a group with non- human pathogen Staphylococcus agnetis.

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