scholarly journals Survey of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes Associated with Yams in Ogun and Osun States of Nigeria

2008 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayodele Adegbite ◽  
Jelili Saka ◽  
Gideon Agbaje ◽  
Felix Osuloye
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Survey of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes Associated with Yams in Ogun and Osun States of NigeriaA survey was conducted to determine the types, frequency and population of plant parasitic nematodes associated with the soils and roots of Yam (Dioscoreaspecies) in all the Local Government Areas of Ogun and Osun States of Nigeria using random sampling soil and root and pie pan modification of Baerman funnel for plant parasitic nematode extraction. Ten and nine genera of plant parasitic nematodes were encountered both from the soils and root samples from the two States. Plant parasitic nematodes recovered includedScutellonemaspp.,Meloidogynespp.,Pratylenchusspp.,Trichodorusspp.,Helicotylenchusspp.,Radopholusspp.,Longidorusspp.,Xiphinemaspp.,Rotylenchulusspp andAphelenchoidesspecies.Scutellonemaspp.,Meloidogynespp., andPratylenchusspp were most widely distributed with frequency ratings of 70, 65 and 60% respectively in soil samples from Ogun State and in the root samples the three genera predominated with 60, 55 and 45% frequency ratings respectively.Meloidogynespp.,Scutellonemaspp., andPratylenchusspp were most widely distributed with frequency ratings of 65, 45 and 35% respectively in soil samples from Osun State and in the root samples the three genera predominated with 55, 35 and 35% frequency ratings respectively.

scholarly journals Survey of plant-parasitic and entomopathogenic nematodes in vineyards of Quebec

2005 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
G. Bélair ◽  
N. Dauphinais ◽  
Y. Fournier ◽  
H. Mauléon
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Steinernema Carpocapsae ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic

A survey of plant-parasitic and entomopathogenic nematodes associated with vineyards was undertaken in the Estrie and Montérégie regions, the two major grapevine-producing areas in Quebec. Soil samples from 13 sampled vineyards were analyzed for the occurrence of plant-parasitic and entomopathogenic nematodes. Six genera of plant-parasitic nematodes were observed. The most commonly encountered plant-parasitic nematode genera were Pratylenchus and Paratylenchus, both occurring in 85% of sampled vineyards. No Xiphinema sp. were observed in surveyed vineyards. Entomopathogenic nematodes were recovered from 85% of the samples. Heterorhabditid and steinernematid nematodes were isolated from one and 11 vineyards respectively. Steinernematid isolates were identified as Steinernema carpocapsae.

Diversity and incidence of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with saffron (Crocus sativus L.) in Morocco and their relationship with soil physicochemical properties

Nematology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fouad Mokrini ◽  
Salah-Eddine Laasli ◽  
Youssef Karra ◽  
Aicha El Aissami ◽  
Abdelfattah A. Dababat
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Summary Saffron (Crocus sativus) fields in Morocco’s Taliouine and Taznakht regions were surveyed between January and April 2018 to study the diversity and incidence of plant-parasitic nematodes and assess the effects of soil physicochemical properties on the nematodes. Fourteen nematode genera were identified in soil and root samples collected from 66 saffron fields. The most common plant-parasitic nematodes in the Taliouine region were Pratylenchus spp. and Helicotylenchus spp. In the Taznakht region, the most common nematodes were Pratylenchus spp., Tylenchorhynchus spp. and Ditylenchus dipsaci. Nematodes, particularly Pratylenchus spp. and Ditylenchus spp., were abundant and frequent throughout the region. Several nematode genera were significantly associated with soil texture and mineral content, indicating that soil properties play an important role in plant-parasitic nematode communities. This description of plant-parasitic nematode assemblages associated with saffron fields in Morocco and their relationship with soil physicochemical properties provides a starting point from which appropriate nematode management strategies can be implemented.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Relationships of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes Associated with Turfgrasses in North Carolina and South Carolina, United States

Plant Disease ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 99 (7) ◽  
pp. 982-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongsan Zeng ◽  
Weimin Ye ◽  
James Kerns ◽  
Lane Tredway ◽  
Samuel Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic

The near-full-length 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) gene and internal transcribed spacer 1 region were amplified and sequenced from 52 nematode populations belonging to 28 representative species in 13 families recovered from turfgrasses in North Carolina (38 populations) and South Carolina (14 populations). This study also included 13 nematode populations from eight other plant hosts from North Carolina for comparison. Nematodes were molecularly characterized and the phylogenetic relationships were explored based on 18S rDNA sequences. Phylogenetic analysis using Bayesian inference was performed using five groups of the plant-parasitic nematode populations Tylenchids, Criconematids, Longidorids, Xiphinematids, and Trichodorids. The 65 nematode populations were clustered correspondingly within appropriate positions of 13 families, including Belonolaimidae, Caloosiidae, Criconematidae, Dolichodoridae, Hemicycliophoridae, Hoplolaimidae, Heteroderidae, Longidoridae, Meloidogynidae, Paratylenchidae, Pratylenchidae, Telotylenchidae, and Trichodoridae. This study confirms previous morphological-based identification of the plant-parasitic nematode species found in turfgrasses and provides a framework for future studies of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with turfgrasses based upon DNA sequences and phylogenetic relationships.

scholarly journals Research Note. New data on plant parasitic nematode Longidorus distinctus Lamberti, Choleva & Agostinelli, 1983 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Poland

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-182
Author(s):  
F. W. Kornobis ◽  
U. Sobczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Research Note ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Its1 Sequence ◽  
The Family ◽  
Plant Parasitic

SummaryDuring a survey on the occurrence of the plant parasitic nematodes of the family Longidoridae in Poland, 925 soil samples were taken. Longidorus distinctus was present in 10 (1.08 %) of these samples. In this Research Note we provide: 1) distribution map of these populations, 2) morphometric data, 3) sequence data for D2-D3 28S rDNA and (partial)18S-ITS1 -5.8S(partial) markers and 4) LdistFOR primer (5′-GGCTGTAAAGATATATGCGT-3’) effective in obtaining ITS1 sequence for the species. Morphometric similarities and dissimilarities with data on other published populations are discussed.

scholarly journals Use of Entomopathogenic Nematodes and Thyme Oil to Suppress Plant-Parasitic Nematodes on English Boxwood

Plant Disease ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique E. Pérez ◽  
Edwin E. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Thyme Oil ◽  
Plant Parasitic

A 2-year experiment was conducted to test suppression of plant-parasitic nematodes on English boxwood using entomopathogenic nematodes and 3.5% thyme oil formulated as Promax. Treatments were Steinernema riobrave formulated as BioVector and S. feltiae formulated as Nemasys, both applied at a rate of 2.5 billion infective juveniles/ha, thyme oil at rate of 9.3 liters/ha, and nontreated control. In the 2001 season, treatment with S. feltiae reduced (P ≤ 0.05) the population growth of Tylenchorhynchus sp. 7 days after treatment and Hoplolaimus sp. 30 and 60 days after treatment. Treatment with S. riobrave reduced (P ≤ 0.05) the population growth of all plant-parasitic nematode species at all sampling dates, with the exception of Mesocriconema sp. 30 days after treatment and Tylenchorhynchus sp. and Rotylenchus buxophilus 60 days after treatment. Treatment with thyme oil reduced (P ≤ 0.05) the population growth of all plant-parasitic nematode genera at all sampling dates except Tylenchorhynchus sp. and R. buxophilus 60 days after treatment. In the 2002 season, treatment with S. feltiae had no effect on nematode population growth. Treatment with S. riobrave reduced (P ≤ 0.05) the population growth of R. buxophilus 7 days after treatment, and all plant-parasitic nematodes 30 and 60 days after treatment except Hoplolaimus sp. 30 days after treatment and Mesocriconema sp. 60 days after treatment. Treatment with thyme oil reduced (P ≤ 0.05) the population growth at all sampling dates of plant-parasitic nematodes except Mesocriconema sp. 60 days after treatment.

scholarly journals Description of two new Ogma Southern, 1914 species (Nemata: Criconematoidea) with a list of plant-parasitic nematode species from Natal

Koedoe ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Van den Berg
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Tail Tip ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Two new O^nia Southern, 1914 species are described and figured from Giant's Castle Nature Reserve, Kamberg Nature Reserve and the Royal Natal National Park. O^ma naomiae spec. nov. females are characterised by having 10 to 12 longitudinal rows of scales on 63 to 69 retrorse body annuli; scales haphazardly arranged on first nine to 10 annuli; scales mostly with two projections, becoming longer toward tail end; all scales with minute protuberances on outer edges; lip region with one annulus with a greater diameter than first body annulus. Juveniles with 14 to 16 longitudinal rows of scales on 73 to 76 retrorse body annuli; each scale bearing five to seven sharply pointed processes; one lip annulus with an equal diameter to first body annulus. O^ma ueckermanni spec. nov. females are characterised by eight longitudinal rows of rounded scales on 60 to 67 body annuli becoming longer toward tail tip where they bear two, three or four-pronged processes; roughly sculptured recessed part of annulus extends to follow the outline of the scale almost forming a pillar between two succeeding scales; one lip annulus with a greater diameter than first body annulus; raised labial area with six pseudolips and no submedian lobes; margin of lip annulus with rounded tooth-like projections; stylet 49,3 to 60,7 ^m long. A list is given of the 16 known plant-parasitic nematodes found in these areas.

scholarly journals PPNEMA: A Resource of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes Multialigned Ribosomal Cistrons

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Rubino ◽  
Amalia Voukelatou ◽  
Francesca De Luca ◽  
Carla De Giorgi ◽  
Marcella Attimonelli
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacers ◽  
Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Rna Sequences ◽  
Complex Species ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Plant-parasitic nematodes are important pests of crop plants worldwide, and also among the most difficult animals to identify. Their identification based on nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) cistron (18S, 28S, and 5.8S RNA genes, and internal transcribed spacers, ITS1 and ITS2) is becoming a popular tool. Sequences from nuclear ribosomal RNA repeats have been used to demonstrate the identity of isolates from various hosts and to unravel the relationships of cryptic and complex species. In addition, the availability of RNA sequences allows study of phylogenetic relationships between nematodes, also for more complete understanding of their biology as agricultural pests. PPNEMA is a plant-parasitic nematode bioinformatic resource. It consists of a database of ribosomal cistron sequences from various species grouped according to nematode genera, and a search system allowing data to be extracted according to both text and pattern searching. PPNEMA offers to the scientific community a preprocessed archive of plant parasitic nematode sequences useful for nematologists. It is a tool to retrieve plant nematode multialigned sequences for phylogenetic studies or to recognize a nematode by comparing its rDNA sequence with the PPNEMA available genus specific multialignments.

Molecular biodiversity assessment of plant-parasitic nematodes in Dokdo Island, Korea

Nematology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongwoo Kim ◽  
Hwal-Su Hwang ◽  
Jae-Kyoung Shim ◽  
JiYoung Yang ◽  
Jae Hong Pak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Biodiversity Assessment ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Species Diagnosis ◽  
Molecular Biodiversity ◽  
Natural Monument ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Summary Dokdo Island has a unique biodiversity that has been preserved as a natural monument. Although the biodiversity of Dokdo has been investigated, little information is available regarding the nematodes. The diversity of plant-parasitic nematodes was investigated using both ITS and D2-D3 sequences. Nematodes extracted from 59 rhizosphere soil samples were morphologically identified as belonging to eight genera: Geocenamus, Helicotylenchus, Rotylenchulus, Heterodera, Paratylenchus, Pratylenchus, Pratylenchoides and Xiphinema. Further, nucleotide sequences were determined from 85 individuals of different genera for species diagnosis. We identified 13 species, including three species of the genus Pratylenchus (P. crenatus, P. kumamotoensis and P. neglectus), Helicotylenchus sp. 1, Rotylenchulus sp. 1, Paratylenchus nanus, Heterodera trifolii, Heterodera spp., Pratylenchoides ritteri, Geocenamus sp. 1, Geocenamus sp. 2, Xiphinema brevicollum and Xiphinema sp. 1. The dominant plant-parasitic nematode on Dokdo was P. crenatus, which was found in 25.4% of the samples. Our study provides important information about the biodiversity of plant-parasitic nematodes on Dokdo Island.

Predatory nematodes as bio-control agent against plant-parasitic nematode-A review

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gitanjali Devi ◽  
Jisna George
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Feeding Apparatus ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Taxonomic Categories ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Nematodes are highly diversified and most abundant metazoans present in soil. Phytophagous nematodes attack plants cause enormous losses.The predaceous nematodes play a significant role in regulating the population of plant- parasitic nematodes. Based on type of feeding apparatus and mode of feeding, predatory nematode are classified into different taxonomic categories. This review has made an attempt to evaluate the bio-efficacy of predaceous nematodes and their future prospects.

scholarly journals Isolation of Whole Esophageal Gland Cells from Plant-Parasitic Nematodes for Transcriptome Analyses and Effector Identification

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom R. Maier ◽  
Tarek Hewezi ◽  
Jiqing Peng ◽  
Thomas J. Baum
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Read Length ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Gland Cells ◽  
Esophageal Gland ◽  
Nematode Parasitism ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Esophageal glands of plant-parasitic nematodes are highly specialized cells whose gene expression products include secreted effector proteins, which govern nematode parasitism of host plants. Therefore, elucidating the transcriptomes of esophageal glands with the goal of identifying nematode effectors is a promising avenue to understanding nematode parasitism and its evolutionary origins as well as to devising nematode control strategies. We have developed a method to separate and isolate individual esophageal gland cells from multiple species of plant-parasitic nematodes while preserving RNA quality. We have used such isolated gland cells for transcriptome analysis via high-throughput DNA sequencing. This method relies on the differential histochemical staining of the gland cells after homogenization of phytonematode tissues. Total RNA was extracted from whole gland cells isolated from eight different plant-parasitic nematode species. To validate this approach, the isolated RNA from three plant-parasitic nematode species—Globodera rostochiensis, Pratylenchus penetrans, and Radopholus similis—was amplified, gel purified, and used for 454 sequencing. We obtained 456,801 total reads with an average read length of 409 bp. Sequence analyses revealed the presence of homologs of previously known nematode effectors in these libraries, thus validating our approach. These data provide compelling evidence that this technical advance can be used to relatively easily and expediently discover effector repertoires of plant-parasitic nematodes.

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