scholarly journals Life Cycle of the Trematode Neodiplostomum oriolinum (Diplostomatidae) under Natural Conditions in Primorye Region (Russia)

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. e-1-e-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Besprozvannykh
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Primorye Region ◽  
Comparative Morphological Analysis ◽  
Rana Dybowskii

Life Cycle of the Trematode Neodiplostomum oriolinum (Diplostomatidae) under Natural Conditions in Primorye Region (Russia) The life cycle and developmental stages of the trematode Neodiplostomum oriolinum Oschmarin, 1963 are described. It was experimentally established that under natural conditions of Primorye Region, the first intermediate hosts of this trematode are snails Polypylis semiglobosa, Helicorbis sujfunensis, and the second are tadpoles of Rana dybowskii. Adult worms were developed in chicken and rat. Based on comparative morphological analysis of adult worms developed under experimental conditions and data given in P. G. Oshmarin (1963) paper it is assumed that N. oriolinum and N. paraoriolinum Oschmarin, 1963 are synonyms.

scholarly journals Life Cycle of the Trematode Notocotylus intestinalis (Digenea, Notocotylidae) under Natural Conditions in Primorye Region (Russia)

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. e-33-e-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Besprozvannykh
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Primorye Region

Life Cycle of the Trematode Notocotylus intestinalis (Digenea, Notocotylidae) under Natural Conditions in Primorye Region (Russia) The redia, cercaria, adolescaria and adult trematodes Notocotylus intestinalis Tubangui, 1932 are described. It was established that under natural conditions of Primorye Region, the first intermediate hosts of this trematode are snails Parafossarulus manchouricus and P. spiridonovi. Adult worms were grown in the chicken.

scholarly journals Description of the development of the attachment and copulatory apparatus of Dactylogyrus extensus from Cyprinus carpio var. koi

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Dzika ◽  
M. Dzikowiec ◽  
R. Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Fish Gills ◽  
Koi Carp ◽  
Copulatory Apparatus ◽  
Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Reported Study

AbstractIn July 2005 a Koi carp from a private pond in Bavaria was investigated. The aim of the presently reported study was to determine the composition of the monogenean fauna of Koi carp, Cyprinus carpio var. koi and to observe the development of Dactylogyrus extensus, under natural conditions, on the fish gills. A total of three species were recovered, namely: Dactylogyrus extensus Müller et Van Cleave, 1932, Dactylogyrus minutus Kulwieć, 1927, and Gyrodactylus cyprini Diarova, 1964. The dominant species was D. extensus, while the remaining monogeneans were not abundant. Six developmental stages of D. extensus were defined and they were compared with those previously observed by Prost (1963), under experimental conditions. The differences observed in size of the sclerotised structures of the haptor and the copulatory apparatus were discussed.

scholarly journals The Morphology and Biology of the Trematode Gigantobilharzia Acotylea (Digenea, Schistosomatidae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. e-1-e-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Akramova ◽  
D. Azimov ◽  
E. Shakarboev
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Experimental Conditions

The Morphology and Biology of the Trematode Gigantobilharzia Acotylea (Digenea, Schistosomatidae) Morpho-biological traits of the trematode Gigantobilharzia acotylea Odhner, 1910 at all stages of ontogeny are studied. Mollusks Physa fontinalis and Anisus spirorbis widespread in the waterbodies of the Syrdarya River valley were found to be intermediate hosts of this trematode under natural and experimental conditions in Uzbekistan. Prevalence of infection of P. fontinalis and A. spirorbis by Gigantobilharzia spp. parthenitae and cercariae reached 0.4 and 0.3%, respectively. Experimentally, 100% of these mollusks were infected. The maturation of cercariae in intermediate hosts ranged from 23 to 44 days depending on temperature. The cercariae actively penetrated the skin of birds and reached maturity in 30-35 days. A complex of traits of various developmental stages, particularly cercariae necessary for the differentiation of the Gigantobilharzia spp. is suggested based on of the analysis of morpho-biological peculiarities of these trematodes.

Observations on the Life Cycle of Davainea proglottina in Britain

1956 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 189-202
Author(s):  
A. H. Abdou
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Feeding Experiments ◽  
Important Intermediate ◽  
Almost All

1. The life-cycle of the fowl tapeworm Davainea proglottina and its various intermediate hosts are described briefly.2. Studies on the different species of slugs in Great Britain under natural conditions were carried out and a short, simple method of differentiating the species has been presented.3. A satisfactory method of keeping and breeding these slugs under laboratory conditions is described.4. Feeding experiments of the different slugs on freshly collected gravid proglottides confirm that the intermediate hosts, as published by Grassi and Rovelli are as follows: Agriolimax agrestis, Limax cinereus, Limax flavus; by Wetzel, Arion empericorum (A. ater), Arion hortensis, Arion circumscriptus and Arion intermedius. In addition to these known intermediate hosts, the writer succeeded in infecting the following species: Agriolimax reticulatus, Agriolimax carvanae, Milax gracilis and Milax sowerbyi which may accordingly serve under natural conditions as intermediate hosts for D. proglottina.5. The common field or grey slug (Agr. reticulatus) and the garden slug (Arion hortensis) seem to be the most important intermediate hosts for D. proglottina. in Great Britain. Slugs of nearly every age of these two species were experimentally exposed to infection with almost 100% positive results. Both these slugs are the most prevalent and widely distributed species in this country. This fact and the wet climatic conditions which obtain in this country are thus very favourable factors in the propagation of the tapeworm.6. Slugs of different ages were experimentally infected and it was found that younger ones were more susceptible, but Agriolimax reticulatus of almost all ages became infected.7. From the last experiment it may be concluded that slugs will feed on the droppings of fowl despite the presence of a sufficient normal diet, in this case clean lettuce.

The life-cycle of the flatfish nematode Cucullanus heterochrous

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Køie
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Fourth Stage ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Infective Larvae ◽  
Third Stage

AbstractMature specimens of Cucullanus heterochrous Rudolphi, 1802 (Nematoda: Cucullanidae) were obtained from the intestine of the flounder, Platichthys flesus, from Danish waters. Eggs embryonate in seawater but do not hatch. Fully developed larvae pressed out of eggs are 430 μm long with amphids and dereids and enclosed within the cuticle of a previous larval stage. Infective larvae are believed to be in their third stage. Experimental studies showed that the polychaetes, Nereis spp., Scoloplos armiger, Brada villosa and Capitella sp., may act as intermediate hosts. In N. diversicolor the larvae increase their length to 1 mm within four weeks (15°C) without moulting. Experimental infections showed that larvated eggs are not infective to fish, whereas >550 μm long larvae from polychaetes survived in 4–24 cm long flounders and plaice, Pleuronectes platessa. Third-stage larvae 550 μm to 1.1 mm long were found in the submucosa of the intestine one week post infection. At a length of about 800 μm to 1.4 mm they moult to fourth-stage larvae. Fourth-stage larvae, immature and mature worms occur in the intestine and rectum. Fourth-stage larvae and adults survived experimental transfer from one flounder to another. Similar developmental stages survived for two weeks in the intestine of experimentally infected cod, Gadus morhua.

Molecular evidence linking the larval and adult stages of Mexiconema cichlasomae (Dracunculoidea: Daniconematidae) from Mexico, with notes on its phylogenetic position among Dracunculoidea

2018 ◽  
Vol 93 (05) ◽  
pp. 580-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.L. May-Tec ◽  
A. Martínez-Aquino ◽  
M.L. Aguirre-Macedo ◽  
V.M. Vidal-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Gravid Female ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
The Family ◽  
Cichlasoma Urophthalmus

AbstractWe describe the larval developmental stages and life cycle of the dracunculid nematodeMexiconema cichlasomaein both the intermediate,Argulus yucatanus(Crustacea: Branchiura), and definitive hosts,Cichlasoma urophthalmus(Perciformes: Cichlidae), from the Celestun tropical coastal lagoon, Yucatan, Mexico. The morphological analyses showed significant differences between the total length of L1 found inM. cichlasomaegravid female and L2–L3 inA. yucatanus.This result indicates that theM. cichlasomaelarval development occurs in the intermediate host. We obtained sequences from the small subunit (SSU) ribosomal marker from larval stages ofM. cichlasomaeinA. yucatanusand adult nematodes inC. urophthalmus. Our morphological and molecular results support conspecificity betweenM. cichlasomaelarvae inA. yucatanusand the adult stages inC. urophthalmus. We briefly discuss the phylogenetic position ofM. cichlasomaeamong the Daniconematidae, and provide evidence of the monophyly of the daniconematids associated with branchiurid intermediate hosts. Based on the phylogenetic results, we support the transfer of theMexiconemagenus to the family Skrjabillanidae and do not support the lowering of family Daniconematidae to subfamily.

scholarly journals Biological parameters of Amblyomma coelebs Neumann, 1906 (Acari: Ixodidae) under experimental conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
André de Abreu Rangel Aguirre ◽  
Vinicius da Silva Rodrigues ◽  
Ivaneide Nunes da Costa ◽  
Marcos Valerio Garcia ◽  
Leandro de Oliveira Souza Higa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Blood Meal ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hatching Rates

Abstract One generation of Amblyomma coelebs life cycle under experimental conditions was evaluated. Ten tick pairs were allowed to feed on rabbits under laboratory conditions (LC), resulting six engorged females with a mean weight of 1,403.9 mg. Two females were maintained in a forest reserve under natural conditions (NC), and four were maintained in incubators (LC). The engorgement period lasted 10.33 days. Pre-oviposition periods were 10.75 (NC) and 22 days (LC). The mean egg-mass weight was 514.76 mg, and the blood meal conversion index was 36.67% (LC). Incubation period under NC and LC were 91 and 56.33 days and hatching rates were 50% and 28.33%, respectively. Larval engorgement period ranged from 4 to 10 days, with average weight of 1.1 mg. Engorged larvae were incubated under NC and LC, with a premolt period of 27 to 36 days and molting rate of 7.1% and 28.7%, respectively. Nymphal engorgement period ranged from 5 to 7 days, with a mean weight of 18.8 mg and a recovery rate of 54.54%. In LC, the ecdysis mean period was 24.5 days, and molting rate was 44.44%, resulting in 24 adult A. coelebs. Our results show a life cycle of 187.45 (NC) and 149 (LC) days.

The life cycle of Prosorhynchoides carvajali (Trematoda: Bucephalidae) involving species of bivalve and fish hosts in the intertidal zone of central Chile

2014 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 584-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Muñoz ◽  
I. Valdivia ◽  
Z. López
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
Experimental Infections ◽  
Complete Life Cycle ◽  
Semimytilus Algosus ◽  
Intertidal Fish ◽  
Fish Hosts

AbstractWe describe the life cycle of the bucephalid Prosorhynchoides carvajali from the intertidal rocky zone of central Chile. To elucidate the life cycle of this digenean, two mytilid bivalves, Semimytilus algosus and Perumytilus purpuratus, and ten intertidal fish species belonging to the families Blenniidae, Tripterygiidae, Labrisomidae, Kyphosidae and Gobiesocidae were analysed for natural infections. In addition, experimental infections of fish were undertaken and molecular analyses were performed of several developmental stages of the digeneans in various host species. Experimental infections of fish were made from infected mytilids to determine which fish species were suitable for the metacercarial stage of Prosorhynchoides. We also determined the abundance and prevalence of metacercariae in natural infections in fish and found that they were lower than in the experimental infections. A molecular analysis showed that sporocysts from S. algosus were identical to metacercariae from five fish species and P. carvajali adults. Sporocysts isolated from P. purpuratus were similar to metacercaria found in one fish species only (G. laevifrons) but were different from P. carvajali, with 1.9–2.0% genetic divergence. Therefore, the complete life cycle of P. carvajali consists of the mytilid species S. algosus as the first intermediate host, at least five intertidal fish species as second intermediate hosts (Scartichthys viridis, Auchenionchus microcirrhis, Hypsoblennius sordidus, Helcogrammoides chilensis and Gobiesox marmoratus), two carnivorous fish as definitive hosts (Auchenionchus microcirrhis and A. variolosus) and one occasional definitive host (Syciases sanguineus). This is the second description of a life cycle of a marine digenean from Chile.

Development of Isospora bigemina in dogs and other mammals

Parasitology ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Dubey ◽  
R. Fayer
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Host Cell ◽  
Cell Nucleus ◽  
Natural Mode ◽  
Infected Cattle ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Host Cell Nucleus

The life-cycle of canine Isospora bigemina was studied in dogs, cattle, cats and mice. Under experimental conditions dogs served as both definitive and intermediate hosts. Unsporulated oocysts (11 × 12 μm) were shed in the faeces and sporulated outside the host within 12 h at 30–37 °C and 36 to 48 h at 23 °C. Sporulated oocysts measured 12 × 13 μm and contained 2 sporocysts which in turn contained 4 sporozoites. Sporocysts averaged 6 × 9 μm and sporozoites averaged 2 × 6 μm. Although no stages were found microscopically in tissues or in faeces of 23 dogs orally inoculated with sporulated oocysts, the oocysts were infectious because 5 of 14 dogs that ingested tissues of dogs fed oocysts, shed oocysts. Prepatent periods were 7 to 15 days; patency was 1–3 days. No dogs became ill. In the naturally infected dog and one experimentally infected dog, schizonts were found in epithelial cells, distal to the host cell nucleus at the tips of villi throughout the small intestine. Schizonts were 5–7 μm and contained 3–12 merozoites. In the naturally infected dog, gametes were found in the same location. Male gametocytes were 6–8 μm and contained 6–12 microgametes, and female gametes were 7–8 μm.Sporulated I. bigemina oocysts from a naturally infected dog were not infectious to cattle, cats or mice. Structurally identical oocysts were shed by 2 dogs after ingesting hearts and diaphragm from naturally infected cattle; these oocysts were also not infectious to cattle. Although dogs acted as both intermediate and definitive hosts under experimentation, this is not likely to occur in nature. A canine-bovine-canine cycle would appear to be the natural mode of infection but I. bigemina was not infectious to cattle under experimental conditions.

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