scholarly journals Biological parameters of Amblyomma coelebs Neumann, 1906 (Acari: Ixodidae) under experimental conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
André de Abreu Rangel Aguirre ◽  
Vinicius da Silva Rodrigues ◽  
Ivaneide Nunes da Costa ◽  
Marcos Valerio Garcia ◽  
Leandro de Oliveira Souza Higa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Blood Meal ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hatching Rates

Abstract One generation of Amblyomma coelebs life cycle under experimental conditions was evaluated. Ten tick pairs were allowed to feed on rabbits under laboratory conditions (LC), resulting six engorged females with a mean weight of 1,403.9 mg. Two females were maintained in a forest reserve under natural conditions (NC), and four were maintained in incubators (LC). The engorgement period lasted 10.33 days. Pre-oviposition periods were 10.75 (NC) and 22 days (LC). The mean egg-mass weight was 514.76 mg, and the blood meal conversion index was 36.67% (LC). Incubation period under NC and LC were 91 and 56.33 days and hatching rates were 50% and 28.33%, respectively. Larval engorgement period ranged from 4 to 10 days, with average weight of 1.1 mg. Engorged larvae were incubated under NC and LC, with a premolt period of 27 to 36 days and molting rate of 7.1% and 28.7%, respectively. Nymphal engorgement period ranged from 5 to 7 days, with a mean weight of 18.8 mg and a recovery rate of 54.54%. In LC, the ecdysis mean period was 24.5 days, and molting rate was 44.44%, resulting in 24 adult A. coelebs. Our results show a life cycle of 187.45 (NC) and 149 (LC) days.

scholarly journals Effect of ivermectin on the life cycle and larval fat body of Culex quinquefasciatus

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stenio Nunes Alves ◽  
José Eduardo Serrão ◽  
Giovani Mocelin ◽  
Alan Lane de Melo
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Study Results

The present work investigated the behavior, survival rate and lethal effect of 1.5 ppb ivermectin on Culex quinquefasciatus larvae, based on morphological and biological parameters, and possible alterations of their fat body. Changes in the number of eggs/egg mass and length of the larval stage were investigated. For this experiment, 600 larvae of 3rd and 4th instars of the mosquito were tested. The laid eggs were separated and the hatched larvae were counted. Some larvae submitted to 1.5 ppb ivermectin solution were used to prepare samples for histological study. Results obtained showed that ivermectin in a concentration of 1.5 ppb caused paralysis to the larvae with a mortality rate of 73.38%, mobilization of substances stored in the fat body and reduction of the number of egg laid in the adult stage.

Sensitivity of Senepol and Caracu breeds to parasitism by Rhipicephalus microplus

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 954-961
Author(s):  
Francisco Tobias Barradas Piña ◽  
Namor Pinheiro Zimmermann ◽  
Marcos Valério Garcia ◽  
Leandro De Oliveira Souza Higa ◽  
Leandra Marla Oshiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Rhipicephalus Microplus ◽  
Animal Breeding ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Artificial Infestation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Taurine breeds and animals crossbred for genetic resistance to Rhipicephalus microplus have been the focus of several studies aimed at producing better responses of cattle to tick infestations and seeking to reduce treatment costs and improve the quality of bovine byproducts. Another way to increase gains is the introduction of taurine breeds with the goal of obtaining morphological and physiological characteristics more adapted to production. Although several studies have compared taurine and zebu breeds, little is known about the differences found within the taurine group. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of the Senepol and Caracu breeds to artificial R. microplus infestations. For this purpose, a stall test was conducted on 16 Caracu and 14 Senepol bulls. The animals were subjected to artificial infestation with a total of 15,000 R. microplus larvae per animal. The Senepol group accounted for 71.7% of the retrieved engorged female ticks. The biological parameters analyzed that showed a significant difference included the mean number of engorged female ticks retrieved (p = 0.000), weight of engorged female ticks (p = 0.000), rate of engorged female ticks retrieved (p = 0.03) and egg mass weight (p = 0.032). Thus, the present study demonst          rated a higher susceptib ility of the Senepol breed to parasitism by the Asian blue tick than the Caracu breed, providing support for new studies on the subjects of genetic resistance, animal breeding and cattle production. 

scholarly journals Transmission of Schistosoma mansoni under experimental conditions using the bovine - Biomphalaria glabrata - bovine model

1993 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celina M. Modena ◽  
Paulo Marcos Z. Coelho ◽  
Frederico S. Barbosa ◽  
Walter S. Lima
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Endemic Area ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Biomphalaria Glabrata ◽  
Snail Population ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Worm Recovery ◽  
The Mean

Three calves experimentally infected with Schistosoma mansoni, and passing viable eggs in feces, as well as 5 normal calves (coming from a non-endemic area for schistosomiasis) kept as controls, were maintained in an enclosure (850 m² in area). In this enclosure, a tank with water received 500 laboratory reared Biomphalaria glabrata. All the control calves were infected for a period ranging from 79 to 202 days after the beginning of the experiment, and afterwards presented viable S. mansoni eggs in feces. The mean worm recovery was 555. The snail population increased throughout the experimental period, showing a high number of B. glabrata infected with S. mansoni (42% on average). According to the present study, bovine has been suggested as having potentially a role in the maintenance of the life cycle of S. mansoni

scholarly journals Life Cycle of the Trematode Neodiplostomum oriolinum (Diplostomatidae) under Natural Conditions in Primorye Region (Russia)

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. e-1-e-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Besprozvannykh
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Primorye Region ◽  
Comparative Morphological Analysis ◽  
Rana Dybowskii

Life Cycle of the Trematode Neodiplostomum oriolinum (Diplostomatidae) under Natural Conditions in Primorye Region (Russia) The life cycle and developmental stages of the trematode Neodiplostomum oriolinum Oschmarin, 1963 are described. It was experimentally established that under natural conditions of Primorye Region, the first intermediate hosts of this trematode are snails Polypylis semiglobosa, Helicorbis sujfunensis, and the second are tadpoles of Rana dybowskii. Adult worms were developed in chicken and rat. Based on comparative morphological analysis of adult worms developed under experimental conditions and data given in P. G. Oshmarin (1963) paper it is assumed that N. oriolinum and N. paraoriolinum Oschmarin, 1963 are synonyms.

scholarly journals Biological parameters of larvae, nymphs, and engorged females of Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787) (Acari: Ixodidae) obtained from artificial and successive infestations on Oryctolagus cuniculus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lagomorpha: Ochotonidae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1085-1093 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.M.V. Freitas ◽  
R.C. Leite ◽  
P.R. Oliveira ◽  
F.C. Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Oryctolagus Cuniculus ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Amblyomma Cajennense ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Mean

The development of acquired resistance to Amblyomma cajennense ticks was evaluated. A total of 18 rabbits were uniformly distributed into three groups named GL, GN, and GA that were submitted to three consecutive infestations with, respectively, larvae, nymphs, and adults of A. cajennense. After the infestations, the parasitic and reproductive parameters of recovered instars were evaluated. A significant reduction of recovery rates of inoculated ticks was observed only after the third infestation of animals in groups GL and GN (P<0.01). The modal day for drop-off of engorged larvae and nymphs increased along the infestations. The recovered engorged nymphs presented a significant reduction of the mean body weight between the first and the third infestations (P<0.01). A significant reduction in the mean recovery rate of engorged females was only observed during the third infestation. However, significant reductions (P<0.05) in body weight, egg mass weight, and larva eclosions were observed for recovered engorged females after the second infestation onwards. The results suggest the occurrence of resistance of rabbits to A. cajennense infestations, being more evident against the adult stage.

scholarly journals Occurrence of the fungi from the genus Ampelomyces – hyperparasites of powdery mildews (Erysiphales) infesting trees and bushes in the municipal environment

2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-174
Author(s):  
Ewa Sucharzewska ◽  
Maria Dynowska ◽  
Aneta B. Kempa
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Important Group ◽  
Powdery Mildews ◽  
High Participation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time

The studies refer to the phenomenon of hyperparasitism in the municipal environment. The paper presents the occurrence of fungi of the genus <em>Ampelomyces</em> on Erysiphales – important group of phytopathogenic fungi. For the first time in Poland analyzed degree of infestation of Erysiphales mycelium by <em>Ampelomyces</em> and effect of the hyperparsites on the degree of infestation plants by Erysiphales. The high participation of the <em>Ampelomyces</em> was noted in each year of the study. Substantial differences were noted in the occurrence of <em>Ampelomyces</em> depending on the developmental stage of the host fungi and considerable differences in the prevalence of the hyperparasites on particular Erysiphales species. In all cases examined, the mean index of infestation of host plants by Erysiphales was higher than the mean degree of infestation of powdery mildew mycelium by <em>Ampelomyces</em>. The results indicate that under natural conditions they do not play any significant role in the reduction of the degree of infestation of host plants by Erysiphales and do not disturb drastically their life cycle.

scholarly journals Biological parameters and fertility life table of Aphis forbesi Weed, 1889 (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on strawberry

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 937-941 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Araujo ◽  
A. Benatto ◽  
Á. F. Mógor ◽  
S. C. Penteado ◽  
M. A. C. Zawadneak
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Table ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Average Life ◽  
High Viability ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The World ◽  
Strawberry Cultivar ◽  
The Mean

Abstract This study provides the first contribution of the biology and life table of Aphis forbesi Weed, 1889 (Hemiptera: Aphididae), an important strawberry pest throughout the world. This species lives in the crown and leaf petioles of the plant. It is difficulty to rear this species in laboratory due to protocooperation with ants observed only in the field. We studied the life cycle of A. forbesi on the leaves of the Albion strawberry cultivar at 25 ± 2 °C, 60 ± 10% relative humidity, and a 12-h photophase. The experiment was randomised with 100 replicates. The parameters of the fertility life table were calculated using TabVida. In the population studied, 25% and 46% had four and three instars, respectively. A mean of 1.43 nymphs per female per day was generated. The mean reproductive period was seven days and the mean longevity was 10 days. In every 11 days there is a generation of A. forbesi, where each female has the potential to generate between 6 to 9 individuals daily, increasing its population by 1.2 times. The average life cycle was 16.8 days. High viability observed in all instars and the resulting values of R0, rm and λ suggest that A. forbesi has the capacity to increase their numbers in a short period of time, while generating high populations in strawberry crops, requiring differential management.

Articulatory Behavior Pre and Post Full-Mouth Tooth Extraction and Alveoloplasty

1980 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 630-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Zimmermann ◽  
J.A. Scott Kelso ◽  
Larry Lander
Keyword(s):  
Control Subject ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Kinematic Parameters ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Articulatory Movements ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Subjects ◽  
Normal Speech

High speed cinefluorography was used to track articulatory movements preceding and following full-mouth tooth extraction and alveoloplasty in two subjects. Films also were made of a control subject on two separate days. The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of dramatically altering the structural dimensions of the oral cavity on the kinematic parameters of speech. The results showed that the experimental subjects performed differently pre and postoperatively though the changes were in different directions for the two subjects. Differences in both means and variabilities of kinematic parameters were larger between days for the experimental (operated) subjects than for the control subject. The results for the Control subject also showed significant differences in the mean values of kinematic variables between days though these day-to-day differences could not account for the effects found pre- and postoperatively. The results of the kinematic analysis, particularly the finding that transition time was most stable over the experimental conditions for the operated subjects, are used to speculate about the coordination of normal speech.

Incubation Temperature Influences the Duration of Egg Hatching and Early Development in the Boreal Digging Frog, Kaloula Borealis

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. ACCEPTED
Author(s):  
Rho-Jeong Rae
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Early Life Stages ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hatching Rates

This study investigated the boreal digging frog, Kaloula borealis, to determine the egg hatching period and whether the hatching period is affected by incubation temperature. The results of this study showed that all the eggs hatched within 48 h after spawning, with 28.1% (±10.8, n=52) hatching within 24 h and 99.9% (±0.23, n=49) within 48 h after spawning. A significant difference was noted in the mean hatching proportion of tadpoles at different water temperatures. The mean hatching rates between 15 and 24 h after spawning was higher at a water temperature of 21.1 (±0.2) °C than at 24.1 (±0.2) °C. These results suggest that incubation temperature affected the early life stages of the boreal digging frog, since they spawn in ponds or puddles that form during the rainy season.

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