Some factors affecting the decision on non-mandatory vaccination in an influenza pandemic: comparison of pandemic (H1N1) and seasonal influenza vaccination

Background: The immunogenicity of influenza vaccines in MS patients undergoing immunomodulatory treatment is not well studied. Objectives: This explorative study investigated the influence of immunomodulatory treatment on MS patients receiving pandemic H1N1 (swine flu) vaccination in 2009 and seasonal influenza vaccination in 2010. Methods: We investigated the immune response to pandemic H1N1 vaccination among 113 MS patients and 216 controls during the pandemic of 2009. We also investigated the serological response to seasonal influenza vaccination (2010 – 2011 season) among 49 vaccinated and 62 non-vaccinated MS patients, versus 73 controls. We evaluated these vaccine responses by haemagglutination inhibition assay. Results: MS patients receiving immunomodulatory treatment had reduced protection (27.4%), compared to controls (43.5%) ( p = 0.006), after pandemic H1N1 vaccination (2009). The rates of protection were not influenced by interferon beta treatment (44.4% protected), but were reduced among patients receiving glatiramer acetate (21.6%), natalizumab (23.5%), and mitoxantrone (0.0%). A similar pattern emerged after MS patients received a seasonal influenza vaccination in 2010. Conclusions: These findings suggest that MS patients receiving immunomodulatory therapies other than interferon beta should be considered for a vaccine response analysis and perhaps be offered a second dose of the vaccine, in cases of insufficient protection.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of In Vitro Cross-Reactivity to Avian H5N1 and Pandemic H1N1 2009 Influenza Following Prime Boost Regimens of Seasonal Influenza Vaccination in Healthy Human Subjects: A Randomised Trial

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0059674 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. e59674 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Delia Bethell ◽

David Saunders ◽

Anan Jongkaewwattana ◽

Jarin Kramyu ◽

Arunee Thitithayanont ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Influenza Vaccination ◽

Seasonal Influenza ◽

Human Subjects ◽

Randomised Trial ◽

Cross Reactivity ◽

Pandemic H1n1 ◽

Healthy Human ◽

Seasonal Influenza Vaccination ◽

Healthy Human Subjects

Download Full-text

Seasonal Influenza Vaccination Status Among Children With Laboratory Evidence of Pandemic H1N1 Infection

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal ◽

10.1097/inf.0b013e31820bb482 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 30 (7) ◽

pp. 562-565 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Christina A. Nelson ◽

Eric K. France ◽

Susan M. Shetterly ◽

Jason M. Glanz

Keyword(s):

Influenza Vaccination ◽

Seasonal Influenza ◽

Vaccination Status ◽

Pandemic H1n1 ◽

H1n1 Infection ◽

Seasonal Influenza Vaccination ◽

Laboratory Evidence

Download Full-text

Seasonal Influenza Vaccination Policies in the 194 WHO Member States: the evolution of global influenza pandemic preparedness and the challenge of sustaining equitable vaccine access

Vaccine X ◽

10.1016/j.jvacx.2021.100097 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 100097

Author(s):

Kathleen F. Morales ◽

David W. Brown ◽

Laure Dumolard ◽

Claudia Steulet ◽

Alba Vilajeliu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Influenza Vaccination ◽

Seasonal Influenza ◽

Influenza Pandemic ◽

Pandemic Preparedness ◽

Member States ◽

Seasonal Influenza Vaccination

Download Full-text

Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 antibodies after pandemic and trivalent seasonal influenza vaccination as well as natural infection in November 2010 in Hamburg, Germany

Eurosurveillance ◽

10.2807/ese.17.02.20052-en ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

Author(s):

J P Cramer ◽

T Mac ◽

B Hogan ◽

S Stauga ◽

S Eberhardt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Influenza Vaccination ◽

Vaccination Coverage ◽

Influenza A ◽

Seasonal Influenza ◽

Influenza Pandemic ◽

Natural Infection ◽

Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽

Seasonal Influenza Vaccination ◽

Influenza A H1n1 ◽

Antibody Titres

The 2009 influenza pandemic has introduced the new re-assorted influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus which recirculated during the 2010/11 influenza season. Before that season, it was possible to acquire protective immunity either by pandemic or seasonal influenza vaccination against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 or by natural infection. To obtain data on vaccination coverage and antibody levels in a reference population and to calculate whether or not the herd immunity threshold (HIT, calculated as 33% given an R0 of 1.5) was reached at the beginning of the 2010/11 season we performed a seroprevalence study in November 2010 in Hamburg, Germany. Antibody titres were assessed applying a haemagglutination inhibition test. Vaccination coverage was very low: 14% for pandemic and 11% for seasonal 2010/11 vaccinations. Even in those with underlying risk factors, vaccination coverage was not much higher: 17% for both vaccines. Serological analysis revealed antibody titres of ≥1:10 in 135 of 352 (38%) and of ≥1:40 in 61 of 352 study participants (17%). Specific antibodies were measurable in 26% of those without history of vaccination or natural infection, indicating a high proportion of subclinical and mild influenza disease. Nevertheless, the HIT was not reached, leaving the majority of the population susceptible to influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and its potential complications.

Download Full-text