Peculiarities of Epiphyton Algal Communities Formation on Different Macrophyte Species

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jūratė Karosienė ◽  
Jūratė Kasperovičienė
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Submerged Macrophytes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
Algal Communities ◽  
Potamogeton Perfoliatus ◽  
Macrophyte Species ◽  
Schoenoplectus Lacustris

Abstract Karosienė J., Kasperovičienė J., 2012: Peculiarities of epiphyton algal communities formation on different macrophyte species [Skirtingų makrofitų rūšių epifitono dumblių bendrijų formavimosi ypatumai]. - Bot. Lith., 18(2): 154-163. The epiphyton on different aquatic vegetation represented by emerged macrophytes (Phragmites australis, Equisetum fluviatile, Schoenoplectus lacustris), floating-leaved plants (Nuphar luteum) and submerged macrophytes (Potamogeton perfoliatus, Chara rudis) was studied in two meso- and mesoeutrophic lakes. The morphological characteristics, physiological and synecological peculiarities of plant host had more effect on epiphyton algae abundance and biomass than species richness. The highest densities of algae were associated with helophytes Phragmites australis, Equisetum fluviatile, the lowest was recorded on Schoenoplectus lacustris and laminae of Nuphar luteum. Loosely attached diatoms prevailed on helophytes, adnate species on Nuphar luteum laminae. Cyanobacteria and green algae were more abundant on Nuphar luteum laminae and Potamogeton perfoliatus.

scholarly journals Long-term changes in the flora and vegetation of Lake Mikołajskie (Poland) as a result of its eutrophication

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Solińska-Górnicka ◽  
Ewa Symonides
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
New Species ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Submerged Macrophytes ◽  
Water Transparency ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
Macrophyte Species ◽  
Consequent Increase

Changes in littoral flora as well as aquatic and swamp vegetation were analysed with increasing eutrophication of the mesotrophic Lake Mikołajskie. Over 30 years the habitat conditions of the lake deteriorated and the phy-tolittoral was reduced from a zone 6 metres wide to one of only 2 metres. In addition, the number of submerged macrophyte species decreased by 50% and the frequency of most of the remaining species declined severalfold. No new species were encountered. Species retreating from the lake littoral included all <em>Chara</em> species, <em>Potamogeton obtusifolius</em>, <em>P. natans</em> and <em>Hydrocharis morsus-ranae</em>. A significant lowering of the phytosociological diversity and species richness of aquatic and swamp communities was observed. By 1994, six of the 12 associations identified in 1964 and representing the submerged and floating-leaved vegetation (e.g. <em>Nitellopsidetum ubtusae</em>, <em>Charetum asperae</em> and <em>Potamogetonetum compressi</em>) were no longer present. In turn, 6 swamp communities from among the original 14 identified in the lake were lacking (e.g. <em>Typhetum angustifoliae</em>, <em>Sugittario-Sparganietum emersi</em> and <em>Eleocharitetum palustris</em>). At the same time, two new aquatic and swamp communities appeared (<em>Ranunculetum circinuti</em>, <em>Myriophylletum spicati</em>, <em>Caricetum acutiformis</em> and <em>Caricetum distichae</em>). In contrast there was an increase in the species richness of reedswamp communities due to an influx of marshland species. While the 1990s witnessed a distinct decrease in concentrations of nutrients in Lake Mikołajskie, the consequent increase in water transparency was not associated with an increase in the area of submerged macrophytes, or the species richness of aquatic vegetation.

scholarly journals Analyzing the effects of four submerged macrophytes with two contrasting architectures on zooplankton: A mesocosm experiment

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zeng ◽  
Biyun Liu ◽  
Zhigang Dai ◽  
Qiaohong Zhou ◽  
Lingwei Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Submerged Macrophytes ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Ceratophyllum Demersum ◽  
Zooplankton Species ◽  
Macrophyte Species ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
Complex Architecture ◽  
Copepod Biomass

<p>Increases in the structural complexity of submerged macrophytes are often shown to be linked to higher invertebrate abundance and diversity, but a number of studies have demonstrated, however, that this is not always the case. The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of four macrophyte species with two contrasting architectures (simple architecture with broad leaves: <em>Vallisneria spiralis</em> L. and <em>Potamogeton malaianus</em> Miq. and complex architecture with finely dissected leaves: <em>Ceratophyllum demersum</em> L. and <em>Myriophyllum verticillatum </em>L.) on zooplanktons. We hypothesized that structurally more complex macrophytes would support more zooplanktons and higher diversity, species richness, abundance and biomass, and to test our hypotheses, zooplankton samples within the above-mentioned macrophytes were collected to analyze the variances at different times. Contrary to our expectations, we found that the zooplankton’ responses were independent to the macrophyte architecture. Specially, although finely dissected<em> M</em>.<em> verticillatum</em> could significantly increase total zooplanktons, diversity, species richness, rotifers and cladocerans than the other three macrophytes, the effects of finely dissected <em>C</em>.<em> demersum</em> on these parameters exhibited no significant differences compared to two broad leaved macrophytes (<em>V</em>.<em> spiralis</em> and <em>P</em>.<em> malaianus</em>). Moreover, broad leaved macrophytes even increased more abundance zooplanktons than finely dissected <em>C</em>.<em> demersum</em>. In addition, the effects of macrophytes on zooplanktons also varied with zooplankton species. For example, the four tested macrophytes could significantly increase cladoceran abundance and biomass. Yet for copepods, the density was significantly increased<em> </em>in presence of <em>V</em>.<em> spiralis</em> and <em>C</em>.<em> demersum</em>, but<em> P</em>.<em> malaianus </em>and<em> M</em>.<em> verticillatum</em> did not show significant effects on copepod density. Moreover, all the tested macrophytes except for <em>V</em>.<em> spiralis</em> even significantly suppress copepod biomass. Therefore, our results did not support the hypothesis that structurally complex macrophytes harbor more zooplanktons, and showed that the effects of the investigated macrophytes on zooplanktons were not likely to depend on their architectures, but seemed to rely on complex relationships between macrophyte and zooplankton species.</p>

Distribution pattern of epiphytic microcrustaceans in relation to different macrophyte microhabitats in a shallow wetland (Upo wetlands, South Korea)

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Yun Choi ◽  
Seong-Ki Kim ◽  
Kwang-Seuk Jeong ◽  
Gea-Jae Joo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Submerged Macrophytes ◽  
Submerged Macrophyte ◽  
Ceratophyllum Demersum ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Seasonal Growth ◽  
Spirodela Polyrhiza ◽  
Macrophyte Species ◽  
Salvinia Natans

AbstractMacrophytes determine the physical complexity of aquatic environments and provide a suitable habitat for colonization by microcrustaceans. We evaluated the effects of a seasonal growth pattern and structure of macrophyte species on epiphytic microcrustaceans collected from macrophyte surfaces (stems and leaves) in shallow wetlands from May 2011 to October 2012. In 2011, epiphytic microcrustaceans that preferred free-floating macrophytes (Spirodela polyrhiza and Salvinia natans) and submerged macrophytes (Potamogeton crispus and Ceratophyllum demersum) were affected by the seasonal growth of these species. Epiphytic microcrustaceans were abundant on the surface of Spirodela polyrhiza in June and August and on Salvinia natans in September and October. In 2012, epiphytic microcrustaceans preferred submerged macrophyte species over the free-floating ones. The results of stable isotope analysis showed that epiphytic microcrustaceans depend on epiphytic particulate organic matter (EPOM) from each macrophyte species rather than on suspended particulate organic matter. Small species (Coronatella rectangula, Pleuroxus laevis, and Chydorus sphaericus) used EPOM (dominated by epiphytic algae) on free-floating and submerged macrophyte species; however, relatively larger species (Ilyocryptus spinifer and Macrothrix rosea) used EPOM only from submerged macrophytes. Based on these findings, we conclude that the distribution of epiphytic microcrustaceans is determined by seasonal characteristics, morphology of macrophyte species, and abundance of food resources.

scholarly journals The effect of ice phenology exerted on submerged macrophytes through physicochemical parameters and the phytoplankton abundance

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Ejankowski ◽  
Tomasz Lenard
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Myriophyllum Spicatum ◽  
Ice Cover ◽  
Water Transparency ◽  
Ceratophyllum Demersum ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Eutrophic Lakes ◽  
Macrophyte Species ◽  
Tn:Tp Ratio

<p>The physicochemical parameters of water, the concentration of chlorophyll-<em>a</em> and the submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) were studied to evaluate the effects of different winter seasons on the biomass of macrophytes in shallow eutrophic lakes. We hypothesised that a lack of ice cover or early ice-out can influence the physicochemical parameters of water and thus change the conditions for the development of phytoplankton and SAV. The studies were conducted in four lakes of the Western Polesie region in mid-eastern Poland after mild winters with early ice-out (MW, 2011 and 2014) and after cold winters with late ice-out (CW, 2010, 2012 and 2013). The concentrations of soluble and total nitrogen, chlorophyll-<em>a</em> and the TN:TP ratio in the lakes were considerably higher, whereas the concentration of soluble and total phosphorus and water transparency were significantly lower after the MW compared with after the CW. No differences were found in water temperature, reaction and electrolytic conductivity. Low water turbidity linked with low concentration of chlorophyll-<em>a</em> after the CW resulted in increased water transparency and the total biomass of the SAV. The negative effect of the MW on the macrophyte species was stronger on more sensitive species (<em>Myriophyllum spicatum</em>,<em> Stratiotes aloides</em>) compared with shade tolerant <em>Ceratophyllum demersum</em>. Our findings show that the ice cover phenology affected by climate warming can change the balance between phytoplankton and benthic vegetation in shallow eutrophic lakes, acting as a shift between clear and turbid water states. We speculate that various responses of macrophyte species to changes in the water quality after two winter seasons (CW and MW) could cause alterations in the vegetation biomass, particularly the expansion of shade tolerance and the decline of light-demanding species after a series of mild winters.</p>

Zooplankton species distribution, richness and composition across tropical shallow lakes: A large scale assessment by biome, lake origin, and lake habitat

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Camila Rodrigues Cabral ◽  
Leidiane Pereira Diniz ◽  
Alef Jonathan da Silva ◽  
Gustavo Fonseca ◽  
Luciana Silva Carneiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Shallow Lakes ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Zooplankton Species ◽  
Zooplankton Community Structure

Assessing zooplankton biodiversity is essential to support freshwater management/conservation programs. Here, we investigated the zooplankton community structure from 180 shallow lakes in northeastern Brazil and analyzed them according to biome (Atlantic Forest or Caatinga), the origin of ecosystems (natural or man-made lakes), and habitat type (pelagic or littoral). Additionally, we provided an updated list of zooplankton species. We registered 227 species (137 Rotifera, 65 Cladocera, 25 Copepoda). The most common species of each major group among all lakes were the cladoceran Ceriodaphina cornuta, the rotifers Brachionus havanaensis and Lecane bulla, and the copepod Termocyclops decipiens. Species related to aquatic vegetation, as the Lecanidae rotifers and phytophilous cladocerans, were more frequent along Atlantic Forest biome and natural lakes. On the other hand, species that are bioindicators of eutrophic waters were more common at the Caatinga biome and man-made lakes. Atlantic Forest and Caatinga biomes had similar species richness, but different community compositions for all zooplankton groups, reinforcing the Caatinga significance for the Brazilian aquatic biodiversity. The type of habitat was the most important factor structuring species richness, with higher richness in the littoral region when compared to the pelagic. A result of many unique species of Cladocera and Rotifera associated with the aquatic vegetation were observed. The findings demonstrated that conservation/management plans cannot generalize zooplankton species distribution across different biomes, origins and even within a single lake, between the pelagic and littoral zones.

scholarly journals Relationships of macrophyte species richness and environment in different water body types in the Central European region

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kateřina Bubíková ◽  
Richard Hrivnák
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Aquatic Macrophyte ◽  
European Region ◽  
Central European ◽  
Central European Region ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Macrophyte Species ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

Individual types of waterbodies are characterised by their specific environmental conditions controlling growth of aquatic macrophytes. We focused on effects of environmental factors on macrophyte species richness in canals, ponds, rivers and streams within Central European region. We employed generalised linear models (GLM) to assess separately overall macrophyte species data and data on wetland species (true aquatic plants and helophytes). No significant difference was revealed by comparing species richness among water body types, though canals were the richest water bodies and streams supported the lowest diversity of macrophytes. The models for all the waterbodies, except streams, contained at least two variables and the explained variability ranged from 37% to 77%. The most recurring variables were the coverage of fine substrate, turbidity, shading by bank and shore trees and shrubs, and altitude. Nevertheless, no obvious pattern of factors was observed for particular water body types. Our study confirmed that aquatic macrophyte species richness is shaped by a complexity of factors and necessity of targeting survey and further generalisation of results not only on one specific water body.

Effects of aquatic macrophytes on physico-chemical conditions of three contrasting lowland streams: a consequence of diffuse pollution from agriculture?

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Wilcock ◽  
J. W. Nagels
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Submerged Macrophytes ◽  
Third Stream ◽  
Lowland Streams ◽  
Riparian Plants ◽  
Agricultural Catchments ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Photosynthetic Production ◽  
Chemical Conditions

Three lowland streams in developed pasture catchments with different farming intensities exhibited contrasting summer diurnal variations in pH, DO and temperature. These are ascribed to differences in dominant aquatic vegetation and their respective effects on shade, and on photosynthetic production and respiration within each stream. The stream dominated by submerged macrophytes had the greatest amplitude swings in DO and pH, and DO levels of 86–128% saturation. Floating marginal macrophytes reduced photosynthetic inputs while providing additional organic loading for respiration, with consequent flat DO and pH curves and conditions not conducive to healthy stream ecosystems. The third stream was shaded by riparian plants, which inhibited photosynthetic effects on DO and pH so that diurnal variation was intermediate between the other two streams. The interaction between nutrients and increased insolation in agricultural catchments, in stimulating aquatic plants, needs to be better understood for managing the sustainability of stream habitats and ecosystems.

scholarly journals Liana species composition differs, in spite of trait similarities, in two adjacent forest types in Central Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 1215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Souza Brito ◽  
Alexandre Ferraro ◽  
Robyn J. Burnham ◽  
Ângela Lúcia Bagnatori Sartori ◽  
Vivian Almeida Assunção
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Climbing Plants ◽  
Dispersal Syndromes

In the Parana basin, the Serra de Maracaju juxtaposes the Seasonal Dry Forest and the cerradão (a phytophysiognomy of Cerrado), two distinct vegetation types that differ in canopy height, tree density, and composition of the understory. In the same way, these differences may be reflected in the composition of climbing plant species found in these two forest types. Thus, in this study we compared the climbing species in two forest fragments of Serra de Maracaju to understand: (1) Are species richness and floristic composition of climbing plants similar in cerradão and seasonal deciduous forest?, (2) What degree of floristic compositional difference exists between the two vegetation types?, (3) Do the two vegetation types differ significantly in climbing mechanisms, life forms, and dispersal syndromes represented among climbing species? For this, we established and sampled four plots per forest type over 24 months. Species were identified and each one classified, based on three discrete traits. Proportional differences were analyzed using chi-square tests. Our results showed that species richness and floristic composition of climbing plants in the cerradão and the seasonal deciduous forest were not similar. Climber species richness in cerradão was 37 while in the seasonal deciduous forest it was 31; they share only 13 species. Four families, Dioscoreaceae, Fabaceae, Malpighiaceae, and Sapindaceae, included over 60% of the climbing species. The morphological traits most common in both forest types were herbaceous life form, apical twining mechanism, and wind dispersal. Dioscoreaceae was found to be the dominant family, but is the first time to be reported for this condition in Brazil. Bignoniaceae and Passifloraceae ocurred only in the cerradão, and Asteraceae and Combretaceae in the seasonal deciduous forest; some species were found exclusively in a type of forest. Floristic composition of the cerradão and seasonal deciduous forest fragments were substantially different, in spite of physical proximity. However, their climbing species are not statistically distinct in morphological characteristics, possibly due to uniform climatic conditions and the similarity of species because of a shared ancestry (similar families).

scholarly journals ЕКОЛОГО-МОРФОЛОГІЧНА СТРУКТУРА МІКРОФІТОБЕНТОСУ ОЗЕРА ТЕЛЬБІН

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
O. A. Davydov ◽  
O. V. Kravtsova
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Human Impact ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Benthic Algae ◽  
Biological Indicator ◽  
Algal Community ◽  
Lake Ecosystem ◽  
Algal Flora ◽  
Structural Components

The paper considers the findings of studies on ecological-morphological structure of microphytobenthos in Telbin Lake located in the residential community of Kyiv city. The research study aimed to distinguish ecological-morphological groups of algae in microphytobenthos of the human-impacted waterbody within the urban area and to evaluate the role of microphytobenthos structural components in forming a certain type of algal community. Microphytobenthos was sampled with the MB-TE microbenthometer within the littoral area at aquatic-vegetation-free sites and within the deep-water area of the lake. Algae sampling and laboratory processing of samples were performed in accordance with the methods generally accepted in hydrobiology. For diatoms identification permanent slides were made with special high-resolution mounting media. Ecological-morphological groups of benthic algae were distinguished considering the habitats of algae. The relative share in the microphytobenthos species richness was calculated for each group. The degree of human impact on the lake ecosystem was evaluated according to the proven method, consisting in distinguishing the total number of factors, which most frequently affect the lake ecosystem. The findings of studies on the ecological-morphological structure of microphytobenthos in Telbin Lake have made it possible to distinguish 7 ecological-morphological groups of algae. The species richness is mainly formed by periphytont and plankton, and benthonts are for the most part represented by the ecological-morphological group of eurytopic littoral diatoms. In the high-degree human impact waterbody (8 points) the share of benthonts’ major ecological-morphological groups in the species richness decreases in 1.6–2 times, and the shares of periphyton and plankton increase 1.3–2-fold respectively, as compared with low-degree human impact waterbody (3 points). The resulting unstable algal community consisting mainly of species getting to the lake bottom from other habitats is defined as algal aggregation, which is indicative of unfavorable conditions for residential algal flora development. Various waterbodies of Ukraine can differ significantly in the environmental variables playing a determining role in microphytobenthos structure and abundance. Microphytobenthos may act as a reliable biological indicator of aquatic ecosystem’s disturbance caused by human pressure upon waterbodies, responding to such pressure with the transformation of its structural elements. For several waterbodies of Ukraine detailed analysis of microphytobenthos ecological-morphological structure made it possible to characterize bottom algal communities and to distinguish algal cenoses, which allowed to assess ecological state deterioration in different areas of the waterbodies under study. The information on the microphytobenthos structural components of urban lakes is scarce. Therefore, studying the ecological-morphological structure of microphytobenthos in various waterbodies within Kyiv city is of high importance.

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