scholarly journals Genetic Analysis and Combining Ability Studies for Yield Related Characters in Rapeseed

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 748
Author(s):  
Aamar Shehzad ◽  
Hafeez Ahmad Sadaqat ◽  
Muhammad Asif ◽  
Muhammad Furqan Ashraf
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Sum Of Squares ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Hybrid Combination ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects

Combining ability analysis has a key position in rapeseed breeding. To estimate the combining ability effects for yield controlling traits in rapeseed, three testers and five lines were crossed using line × tester design in randomized complete block design with three replications. Mean sum of squares of analysis of variances for genotypes were significant for all of the traits; indicating the presence of significant genetic variation. All the interactions between lines and testers exhibited significant results of mean sum of squares for combining ability. Line ‘Duncled’ was found good general combiner for decreased Plant height (PH:-2.0), Days taken to 50% flowering (DF: -15.8) and Days taken to maturity (DM:-3.4) while tester ‘Punjab Sarson” for increased Number of seed/siliqua (SS: 2.2), Number of siliquae/plant (SP: 2.2) and decreased DF (-3.0) traits. Significant general and specific combining ability effects were observed. The best hybrid combination on the basis of specific combining ability effects was “Durre-NIFA × ZN-M-6” for Seed yield/plant (SY: 2.7), DF (-6.1) and DM (-3.5). PH (-0.2), Siliqua length (SL: -0.1), SS (-0.03) and SY (0.2) showed non-additive genetic effects. The half of the characters revealed additive and remaining half showed non-additive genetic effects. The present study unveiled the importance of both type of genetic effects demanding the application of integrated breeding approaches for exploiting the variability. ‘Punjab Sarson × ZN-M-6’ exposed maximum SS (30) and SP (837). Maximum SY (75.9g) and minimum DF (64) were showed by ‘Legend × Duncled’. The present research delivers valuable information of genotypes for promoting yield by means of improving yield related characters.

scholarly journals Combining Ability Analysis and Genetic-Effects Studies for Some Important Quality Characters in Brassica napus L.

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aamar Shehzad ◽  
Hafeez Ahmad Sadaqat ◽  
Mohsin Ali ◽  
Muhammad Furqan Ashraf
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Sum Of Squares ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis

Combining ability analysis has an important position in rapeseed breeding. To evaluate genetic and combining ability effects, three Brassica napus L. testers “Punjab Sarson, Legend and Durre-NIFA” and five lines “Duncled, K-258, ZN-R-1, ZN-R-8, ZN-M-6” were crossed using line × tester design in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Mean sum of squares of the analysis of variances (ANOVA) for genotypes was highly significant for all of the traits. Most of the lines and testers exhibited significant results of mean sum of squares for combining ability. Line ‘Duncled’ was proved good general combiner for oil (8.8), protein (3.7), erucic acid (33.0), oleic acid (13.0) and glucosinolate (-19.3) over other lines and tester ‘Durree-NIFA’ for protein (6.6), erucic acid (-23.4), and linolenic acid (-5.3) over other testers. Significant specific combining ability effects were also observed. The best hybrid combinations were Legend × ZN-R-1 for oil (9.6), Punjab Sarson × Duncled for minimum erucic acid (-14.0) and linolenic acid contents (-6.0), and Legend × ZN-M-6 for maximum protein (8.2) and minimum glucosinolate contents (-11.1). The maximum oil contents were observed in ‘Legend × ZN-R-1’ (52.4%). The cross ‘Punjab Sarson × Duncled’ expressed maximum values of protein (26.5%) and oleic acid (62.5%) while minimum for erucic acid (2.3%), linolenic acid (5.4%) and glucosinolate contents (19.3µmol/g). This research discloses the significance of non-additive genetic effects for most of the studied traits except oil contents. These studies will also help to improve nutritional values of rapeseed crop by selecting noble crosses.

scholarly journals Association between Griffing's diallel and the adaptability and stability of Eberhart and Russel

1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleso Antônio Patto Pacheco ◽  
Cosme Damião Cruz ◽  
Manoel Xavier dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects ◽  
F1 Cross

The objective of the present work was to provide a methodology to study the inheritance of adaptability and stability through the breakdown of Eberhart and Russell regression coefficients and regression deviations in effects due to the mean and additive genetic effects (gi's and gj's) as well as dominance effects (sij's) of Griffing´s methodology, when the diallel is conducted in several environments. It was concluded that the adaptability and stability parameters are determined in the same manner as are genetic effects. So an F1 cross inherits half the general combining ability (GCA) mean effect from each parent, while the effects due to specific combining ability (SCA) are subjected to the same considerations relative to sij's, i.e., they are dependent on specific combinations.

scholarly journals Additive and Heterotic Genetic Effects in the Haplo-diploid Honeybee Apis Mellifera

1987 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
BP Oldroyd ◽  
C Moran
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Reciprocal Effects ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects ◽  
Partial Diallel

Nine lines of honeybees were used to form a 9 x 9 partial diallel cross. Hamuli number was determined for samples of worker offspring. One set of workers was reared in non-maternal colonies which had been made uniform, as far as possible, with respect to colony strength (number of workers), while another set was sampled directly from the combs of each maternal colony. Combining ability analysis of variance revealed significant additive and non-additive genetic effects for both sets of data, regardless of whether inbred parentals were included or excluded from the analysis. Uniform rearing removed average heterosis and reciprocal effects.

Inheritance of condensed tannins in birdsfoot trefoil

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Perry R. Miller ◽  
Nancy J. Ehlke
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Forage Legume ◽  
Quantitative Genetic ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects

Neither the inheritance of condensed tannins (CT) in tannin-positive birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), nor the quantitative genetic analysis of CT concentration in a forage legume have been previously reported. The objective of this study was to determine the inheritance of CT concentration in tannin-positive birdsfoot trefoil. High-, medium-, and low-tannin parents were selected from NC-83 birdsfoot trefoil germplasm and intercrossed in two independent six-parent diallel sets to generate progenies for quantitative genetic analyses. Maturity, herbage yield, leaf fraction (LF) and CT concentration were analyzed for 1067 individual F1 plants from 30 progenies in both diallel sets. Mean CT concentrations of the 30 progenies ranged from 6.1 to 93.4 g catechin equivalent (CE) kg−1 DM. General combining ability (GCA):specific combining ability (SCA) ratios of 0.93 and 1.0 were observed for CT concentration in both diallel sets, at or near the theoretical maximum of unity, indicating a predominance of additive genetic effects for CT concentration. Specific combining ability effects were detected in one diallel set where 3 of 15 progenies exhibited significant SCA effects. The evidence from this study indicated that CT concentration in birdsfoot trefoil was controlled primarily by additive genetic effects. Key words: Birdsfoot trefoil, condensed tannins, forage legume, inheritance, Lotus corniculatus, quantitative genetics

scholarly journals Generation mean analysis for grain yield and its components in popcorn

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 451-458
Author(s):  
Shah Fahad ◽  
Shah Fahad ◽  
Muhammad Noor ◽  
Durri Shahwar ◽  
Mukhtar Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Maize Breeding ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Hybrid Maize ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects

AbstractKnowledge about genetic composition of a character helps plant breeders to plan their breeding programs. Grain yield and related traits are very important in maize breeding programs. In our experiment four each of parents, F1s, F2s, BC1s and BC2s were evaluated at Cereal Crops Research Institute (CCRI), Pirsabak, Nowshehra and Agriculture University Peshawar. The experimental material at both locations were replicated thrice in randomized complete block design. In all crosses dominance gene action was found to be important in the inheritance of ear diameter, ear length, percent shelling and grain yield. Additive genetic effects were found negative and non-significant in all four crosses for percent shelling. Duplicate type of non-allelic interactions was observed for shelling percentage in all crosses. Duplicate type of epistasis was observed in cross, PS-1 × BD-1 and PS-2 × BD-1 for ear length. For grain yield both complementary and duplicate type of epistasis were observed. Additive genetic effects werefound significant with positive and negative magnitude in two crosses each. It is concluded that crosses, where dominant gene action was found predominant, should be effectively utilized in hybrid maize programs for improved grain yield and related traits.

scholarly journals COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS FOR DIFFERENT YIELD COMPONENTS IN MAIZE (Zea mays L.) INBRED LINES

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
F. M. A. Haydar ◽  
N. K. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Diallel Mating Design ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Half Diallel

The  present  study  was  carried  out  to  determine  the  combining  ability  of  yield and yield components by crossing six diverse maize  inbred lines in a half diallel mating design. Fifteen F1 progenies along with their six parents were planted in randomized complete block design with three replications. GCA to SCA ratios were less than one for plant height, cob diameter, cob length and number of kernels row/cob indicating a preponderance of additive over non additive gene action. The crosses P1×P2, P3×P5 and P5×P6 were exhibited significant and positive SCA effects for yield and cob diameter, number of row/cob and number of grains/cob of yield contributing characters. The parents P1 (IL4), P3 (IL18)and P5 (IL23 were good general combiner for grain yield and yield attributing characters. It can be concluded that these parental lines can be desirable parents for hybrids as well as for inclusion in breeding program, since they may contribute favorable alleles in the synthesis of new varieties.

scholarly journals Determination of Combining Ability in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Nousheen Saba ◽  
Syed Bilal Hussain ◽  
Ali Bakhsh ◽  
Muhammad Zubair
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Breeding And Genetics ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects ◽  
Half Diallel ◽  
100 Seed Weight

A 5×5 direct-crosses of Chickpea geneotypes (CM-98, Noor-91, Brittle-98, Punjab-2000 and Karak-1) were undertaken at Research area of the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, FAS&T, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan. Then Model-I and Model-II of Griffing approach (1956) of half-diallel was used for combining ability analysis. The results pertaining to menas of all traits relative to general and specific combining ability were found highly significant (P≤ 0.01) which evidenced presence of ample differences among studied geneotypes. However, variance showed by specific combining ability for traits like fibre content, free extract (N.F.E.), protein content, fat, ash and nitrogen content, moisture content, plant height and biomass per plant as compared to general combining ability. These results are suggestive of predominantly under the control of non-additive gene action. On the other hand, the magnitude of variance resulted from GCA was higher than from SCA for pods per plant, 100-seed weight and grain yield that showed that additive genetic effects were important for them.

Combining Ability of Plant Height and Yield components in Indian Mustard (Brassica junceaL.Czern & Coss.) under Salt affected Soil using Line×Tester Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
SHAILESH CHAND GAUTAM ◽  
MP Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects

Line × tester analysis of twenty lines and three testers of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern & Coss.) cultivars were used to estimate general combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability (SCA) effects, high parent heterosis and narrow-sense heritability estimate for plant height, yield components and seed yield. Significant variance of line x tester for the traits like pods per plant and seed yield indicating non additive genetic effects have important role for controlling these traits. Significant mean squares of parents v/s crosses which are indicating significant average heterosis were also significant for all the traits except seeds per pod. High narrow-sense heritability estimates for all the traits except seeds per pod exhibited the prime importance of additive genetic effects for these traits except seeds per pod. Most of the crosses with negative SCA effect for plant height had at least one parent with significant negative or negative GCA effect for this trait. For most of the traits except pods per plant, the efficiency of high parent heterosis effect was more than SCA effect for determining superior cross combinations.

scholarly journals The expression of additive and nonadditive genetic variation under stress.

Genetics ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 140 (3) ◽  
pp. 1149-1159
Author(s):  
M W Blows ◽  
M B Sokolowski
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Hybrid Breakdown ◽  
Bristle Number ◽  
Gene Complexes ◽  
General Expectation ◽  
Faster Development ◽  
Seven Generations ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects

Abstract Experimental lines of Drosophila melanogaster derived from a natural population, which had been isolated in the laboratory for approximately 70 generations, were crossed to determine if the expression of additive, dominance and epistatic genetic variation in development time and viability was associated with the environment. No association was found between the level of additive genetic effects and environmental value for either trait, but nonadditive genetic effects increased at both extremes of the environmental range for development time. The expression of high levels of dominance and epistatic genetic variation at environmental extremes may be a general expectation for some traits. The disruption of the epistatic gene complexes in the parental lines resulted in hybrid breakdown toward faster development and there was some indication of hybrid breakdown toward higher viability. A combination of genetic drift and natural selection had therefore resulted in different epistatic gene complexes being selected after approximately 70 generations from a common genetic base. After crossing, the hybrid populations were observed for 10 generations. Epistasis contributed on average 12 hr in development time. Fluctuating asymmetry in sternopleural bristle number also evolved in the hybrid populations, decreasing by > 18% in the first seven generations after hybridization.

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