scholarly journals Revision and Conditional Inference for Abstract Dialectical Frameworks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Heyninck ◽  
Gabriele Kern-Isberner ◽  
Tjitze Rienstra ◽  
Kenneth Skiba ◽  
Matthias Thimm
Keyword(s):  
Belief Revision ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Conditional Inference ◽  
Ramsey Test ◽  
The One ◽  
Exact Relationship ◽  
Nonmonotonic Inference ◽  
Total Preorder

For propositional beliefs, there are well-established connections between belief revision, defeasible conditionals and nonmonotonic inference. In argumentative contexts, such connections have not yet been investigated. On the one hand, the exact relationship between formal argumentation and nonmonotonic inference relations is a research topic that keeps on eluding researchers despite recently intensified efforts, whereas argumentative revision has been studied in numerous works during recent years. In this paper, we show that similar relationships between belief revision, defeasible conditionals and nonmonotonic inference hold in argumentative contexts as well. We first define revision operators for abstract dialectical frameworks, and use such revision operators to define dynamic conditionals by means of the Ramsey test. We show that such conditionals can be equivalently defined using a total preorder over three-valued interpretations, and study the inferential behaviour of the resulting conditional inference relations.

scholarly journals The Evidential Conditional

Erkenntnis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Crupi ◽  
Andrea Iacona
Keyword(s):  
Careful Consideration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ramsey Test ◽  
The One ◽  
The Way

AbstractThis paper outlines an account of conditionals, the evidential account, which rests on the idea that a conditional is true just in case its antecedent supports its consequent. As we will show, the evidential account exhibits some distinctive logical features that deserve careful consideration. On the one hand, it departs from the material reading of ‘if then’ exactly in the way we would like it to depart from that reading. On the other, it significantly differs from the non-material accounts which hinge on the Ramsey Test, advocated by Adams, Stalnaker, Lewis, and others.

scholarly journals Effect of DCT Image Compression on Eye Gaze Direction Detection

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 01003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamil Dimililer ◽  
Yoney Kirsal Ever ◽  
Cansu Somturk ◽  
Fulden Ergun ◽  
Guner Urun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Compression ◽  
Discrete Cosine Transform ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Back Propagation ◽  
Image Database ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Cosine Transform ◽  
Gaze Detection ◽  
Direction Detection ◽  
The One

The prediction of eye direction detection is the one of the popular research topic in human computer interaction area. This paper defines eye gaze detection by using Discrete Cosine Transform. Actually, determining the position of eyes is difficult to estimate the location of gaze which is more challenging. The database of the suggested research is organized as gaze directions of right, left and centre. The database is created with varied ages of images. In this paper, Discrete Cosine Transform has been applied to the image database and the effect of image compression is tested by using back propagation neural networks.

scholarly journals The Doctrinal Complication in Al-Ash'ari’s Doctrine and its Role in Managing the Doctrinal Disputes

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ararou
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
General Rules ◽  
The One

This research aims to clarify the concept of doctrinal rules and adjust its basic terminologies. It further aims to lay down a map for the method of rooting this science by mentioning its rooted sources, in addition to drawing a miniature picture of its history, origin, formation and development. The paper ends with practical models to highlight its importance in rooting the science of nodal rules and facilitating the mentioning of its scattered discussions in a short and comprehensive phrase. The study further illustrates the pioneering role of doctrinal rules science in managing the doctrinal disputes, combining multiple sayings, and in bringing together opposing opinions. The study follows the inductive, descriptive and analytical approach. The importance of the research topic lies in the fact that it tackles something that has not yet been widely examined. Thus, researching such a topic is considered a new thing due to the scarcity of what has been written on it, on the one hand. On the other hand, the topic is serious as it talks about the Contractual Rules, which have not gained sufficient research among the applicants. Besides, what has been so far written on the doctrinal rules is related to the chapters of the doctrine and its general discussions; a matter which is similar to Al-Ghazali’s rules of beliefs. No allocation was dedicated to its contractual aspect. Accordingly, the present research is one of the important building blocks of the doctrinal lesson, as it is related to inferencing the science of belief and collecting its dispersed discussions under general rules in an

DIFFERENCE-MAKING CONDITIONALS AND THE RELEVANT RAMSEY TEST

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
HANS ROTT
Keyword(s):  
Belief Revision ◽  
Classical Theory ◽  
Belief State ◽  
Conditional Logic ◽  
Counterfactual Analysis ◽  
Ramsey Test ◽  
Difference Making ◽  
Alternative Version ◽  
Almost All

Abstract This article explores conditionals expressing that the antecedent makes a difference for the consequent. A ‘relevantised’ version of the Ramsey Test for conditionals is employed in the context of the classical theory of belief revision. The idea of this test is that the antecedent is relevant to the consequent in the following sense: a conditional is accepted just in case (i) the consequent is accepted if the belief state is revised by the antecedent and (ii) the consequent fails to be accepted if the belief state is revised by the antecedent’s negation. The connective thus defined violates almost all of the traditional principles of conditional logic, but it obeys an interesting logic of its own. The article also gives the logic of an alternative version, the ‘Dependent Ramsey Test,’ according to which a conditional is accepted just in case (i) the consequent is accepted if the belief state is revised by the antecedent and (ii) the consequent is rejected (e.g., its negation is accepted) if the belief state is revised by the antecedent’s negation. This conditional is closely related to David Lewis’s counterfactual analysis of causation.

scholarly journals Citation recommendation: approaches and datasets

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-405
Author(s):  
Michael Färber ◽  
Adam Jatowt
Keyword(s):  
Research Topic ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Document Type ◽  
Important Research Topic ◽  
The One ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract Citation recommendation describes the task of recommending citations for a given text. Due to the overload of published scientific works in recent years on the one hand, and the need to cite the most appropriate publications when writing scientific texts on the other hand, citation recommendation has emerged as an important research topic. In recent years, several approaches and evaluation data sets have been presented. However, to the best of our knowledge, no literature survey has been conducted explicitly on citation recommendation. In this article, we give a thorough introduction to automatic citation recommendation research. We then present an overview of the approaches and data sets for citation recommendation and identify differences and commonalities using various dimensions. Last but not least, we shed light on the evaluation methods and outline general challenges in the evaluation and how to meet them. We restrict ourselves to citation recommendation for scientific publications, as this document type has been studied the most in this area. However, many of the observations and discussions included in this survey are also applicable to other types of text, such as news articles and encyclopedic articles.

On the Analysis of Supplier-Manufacturer Information Sharing Strategies for Production Scheduling

2011 ◽  
pp. 139-152
Author(s):  
Jairo R. Montoya-Torres ◽  
Gloria L. Rodríguez-Verjan
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Information Sharing ◽  
Production Scheduling ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Make To Order ◽  
Important Research Topic ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Collaboration Strategies

Nowadays, implementing collaboration strategies between the members of the supply chain has been an important research topic to obtain a more reactive and flexible supply chain in the highly competitive markets. However, few studies have been done on the impact of such collaboration strategies at one of the lower short-term decision levels: production scheduling. This paper is devoted to the study of information sharing between the members of a supply chain in a dynamic context. We consider a typical make-to-order direct sell supply chain without finished products inventory, similar to the one implemented by Internet PC sellers. We compare various scheduling algorithms implemented to study different scenarios of information sharing among the members of the chain. We have considered scenarios where no information is shared and scenarios where some or all information is shared. A simulation study is developed in order to get some insights about the impact of information sharing on the performance of the chain. Our results suggest improvement in the performance that shows the importance of collaboration and information sharing between the members of the chain.

Belief revision, epistemic conditionals and the Ramsey test

Synthese ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sten Lindstr�m ◽  
Wlodzimierz Rabinowicz
Keyword(s):  
Belief Revision ◽  
Ramsey Test

On uniform belief revision

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 1357-1376
Author(s):  
Theofanis Aravanis
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Belief Revision ◽  
Possible Worlds ◽  
Belief Change ◽  
Rational Belief ◽  
Iterated Revision ◽  
Interesting Class ◽  
Total Preorder ◽  
Revision Function

Abstract Rational belief-change policies are encoded in the so-called AGM revision functions, defined in the prominent work of Alchourrón, Gärdenfors and Makinson. The present article studies an interesting class of well-behaved AGM revision functions, called herein uniform-revision operators (or UR operators, for short). Each UR operator is uniquely defined by means of a single total preorder over all possible worlds, a fact that in turn entails a significantly lower representational cost, relative to an arbitrary AGM revision function, and an embedded solution to the iterated-revision problem, at no extra representational cost. Herein, we first demonstrate how weaker, more expressive—yet, more representationally expensive—types of uniform revision can be defined. Furthermore, we prove that UR operators, essentially, generalize a significant type of belief change, namely, parametrized-difference revision. Lastly, we show that they are (to some extent) relevance-sensitive, as well as that they respect the so-called principle of kinetic consistency.

THE PROPHECY FOR "EVERLASTING COVENANT" (JEREMIAH XXXII 36-41): AN EXILIC ADDITION OR A DEUTERONOMISTIC REDACTION?

2003 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-223
Author(s):  
Dalit Rom-Shiloni
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Book Of Jeremiah ◽  
The One ◽  
Exact Relationship

AbstractThis paper draws attention to the exact relationship between the prophecy for "everlasting covenant" (Jer. xxxii 36-41) and the words of the prophet and his ideological agenda on the one hand, and the redactional level of the Book of Jeremiah on the other. Examination of the genre of the prophetical unit presents it to be a quasi-disputation-speech, and a further testimony to the exilic voices in Jeremiah on the controversy between the Jehoiachin exiles and the remnant. A close reading of the verses gives evidence to five different ways of dependence on and independence from both the words of the prophet and the redactional additions to Jeremiah. Hence, this prophecy demonstrates the composition of a new independent prophecy within exilic context, and thus adduces the question whether the exilic material within Jeremiah can still be restricted to Deuteronomistic circles.

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