Jellyfish anaphylaxis: A wide spectrum of sensitization routes

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-166
Author(s):  
Giuliana Amato ◽  
Federica Vita ◽  
Federica Gemelli ◽  
Valeria Tigano ◽  
Paola Lucia Minciullo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Rare Event ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Jellyfish Species ◽  
Job Activities ◽  
Acute And Chronic Effects ◽  
Frequent Exposure

Background: Recent studies demonstrated that, in the past few years, the number of jellyfish species is increasing worldwide; this increase can be explained by environmental and climatic reasons. Contacts with jellyfish can cause acute and chronic effects, including allergic reactions. Although anaphylaxis caused by jellyfish is a rare event, repetitive stings during bathing as well as marine sports and job activities represent important risk factors that can increase the probability of sensitization. Recently, it was also pointed out the possibility of anaphylaxis caused by jellyfish ingestion. In these cases, the sensitization could also be related to previous stings. In cases in which there is no history of jellyfish contact or ingestion, it has been hypothesized that there is a sensitization to an unknown cross-reactive antigen. Objective: The purpose of this work was to collect and review published studies and cases of anaphylaxis associated with jellyfish. Methods: We performed a medical literature data base search, which included English language articles published until September 2019, by using the key words “jellyfish” associated with “anaphylaxis” or “anaphylactic shock.” Results: The results of our research showed that dangerous reactions can be caused both by contact and ingestion. Moreover, the latest changes in food habits, life style, and globalization could lead to a more frequent exposure to jellyfish both by contact and ingestion, and, consequently, to a higher probability of sensitization. Conclusion: Prospective studies and well-structured research are needed to better understand all the potential immunologic elements of jellyfish, to clarify its role in sensitization, and to avoid possible dangerous allergic reactions caused by cross-reactivity.

New perspectives on propofol allergy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica L Johnson ◽  
Ashley Hawthorne ◽  
Michael Bounds ◽  
David J Weldon
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Clinical Trial Data ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Definitive Evidence ◽  
Medication Costs ◽  
History Of

Abstract Purpose Propofol is an intravenous sedative used in many patient populations and care settings. Although generally considered safe and effective, the drug has historically been avoided in patients with reported allergies to egg, soy, and/or peanut on the basis of the manufacturer’s prescribing information. Concerns exist for potential adverse events, increased medication costs, reduced efficacy, and risk of medication errors when using alternative agents. Here we present a critical examination of the literature concerning cross-reactivity of food allergies with propofol to provide evidence-based recommendations for the evaluation and management of potential allergic reactions. Summary Literature regarding the history of propofol allergy warnings and clinical trial data were assessed to provide an alternative perspective on avoidance of propofol in patients with food allergies. Suspected trigger molecules are discussed with evaluation of the antigenic potential of excipient ingredients used in the manufacture of multiple propofol formulations. Evidence-based recommendations are provided for pharmacist-led screening of adult patients with reported food allergies to support selection of propofol or alternative therapy. Conclusion There is a lack of definitive evidence that propofol must be routinely avoided in patients with reported allergies to egg, soy, and/or peanut products. Data from clinical trials suggest that propofol is safe for patients with nonanaphylactic food allergies. Patients who do experience allergic reactions following administration of propofol should undergo further testing to definitively identify the specific trigger and prevent future unnecessary avoidance of preferred medication regimens. Pharmacists can play an important role in interviewing patients with reported food allergies to better determine the risk vs benefit of propofol avoidance.

scholarly journals Research on English language teaching and learning in Argentina (2007–2013)

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melina Porto ◽  
Ann Montemayor-Borsinger ◽  
Mario López-Barrios
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
English Language ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
English Language Teaching ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
History Of ◽  
Education And Development

In this article we review research on English as a foreign language (EFL) teaching and learning published in Argentina between 2007 and 2013. This is the first review of a Latin American country in this series. Argentina has a century-long tradition of training EFL teachers but a comparatively shorter though fruitful history of foreign language (FL) research. The article examines 88 articles that appeared in locally published peer-reviewed conference proceedings, academic journals and one edited collection. The contributions cover a wide spectrum of topics that illustrates prominent research interests in the country, such as the role of imagination, emotion and affect in language comprehension and production, intercultural dimensions, FL teacher education and development, content and language integrated learning (CLIL), computer-assisted language learning (CALL), the teaching of English for academic or specific purposes, testing, assessment and evaluation, and materials design and course development. The review includes work by specialists whose research may not be known outside the boundaries of Argentina but who produce high-quality situated research that accounts for the specificity of the local educational setting.

scholarly journals 1094. Safety of Administering Cefazolin vs. Other Antibiotics in Penicillin Allergic Patients with Anaphylaxis for Surgical Prophylaxis

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S389-S389
Author(s):  
Wendy Song ◽  
Tim Lau ◽  
Jennifer Grant ◽  
Salomeh Shajari ◽  
Amneet Aulakh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Surgical Prophylaxis ◽  
Skin Reactions ◽  
Johnson Syndrome ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Approximately 10% of patients report a history of penicillin allergy. Recent literature suggests cross-reactivity between cephalosporins and penicillins are due to side-chain similarities. Since cefazolin has a unique side-chain from other β lactams, it can be safely administered in penicillin-allergic patients for surgical prophylaxis. Since October 2018, our hospital updated all surgical prophylaxis preprinted orders to use cefazolin in penicillin-allergic patients, except in those with histories of cefazolin-specific allergy or delayed skin reactions (e.g., Stevens–Johnson syndrome). This study aims to retrospectively determine outcomes and safety of cefazolin as compared with other antibiotics for surgical prophylaxis in penicillin-allergic patients with histories of anaphylaxis prior to implementation of cefazolin preprinted orders. Methods All patients with reported anaphylactic reactions to penicillins prescribed surgical prophylaxis from October 9, 2017 to October 9, 2018 were included. Patients were stratified based on antibiotic received (i.e., cefazolin, clindamycin, vancomycin, other antibiotic) and a retrospective chart review was performed to assess for outcomes and safety. Results One-thousand-seventy-three prescriptions for prophylactic antibiotics were identified. Of these, 223 cases met inclusion with histories of anaphylaxis to pencillins: 72 (32%) cefazolin, 70 (31%) clindamycin, 34 (15%) vancomycin, and 47 (21%) other antibiotics. General and orthotrauma surgeries used the most cefazolin in penicillin-allergic patients, while gynecology clindamycin and thoracics vancomycin. Amongst those receiving cefazolin, no critical incidents of allergic reactions were reported and the rates of adverse events, such as pruritus, hives and rash, did not differ between any antibiotic group. Conclusion Cefazolin appears to be a safe option for surgical prophylaxis in patients with history of penicillin anaphylaxis. No differences in incidences of allergic reactions, complications or surgical delays were reported, as compared with alternate antibiotics. Further larger studies are needed to confirm our findings and determine rates of adverse events associated with the various antibiotic regimens. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

ITI with high-dose FIX and combined immunosuppressive therapy in a patient with severe haemophilia B and inhibitor

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (02) ◽  
pp. 155-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Hauch ◽  
J. Rischewski ◽  
U. Kordes ◽  
J. Schneppenheim ◽  
R. Schneppenheim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Immunosuppressive Agents ◽  
Tolerance Induction ◽  
Intravenous Immunoglobulins ◽  
Factor Ix ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Serious Infections ◽  
History Of

SummaryInhibitor development is a rare but serious event in hemophilia B patients. Management is hampered by the frequent occurrence of allergic reactions to factor IX, low success rates of current inhibitor elimination protocols and the risk of development of nephrotic syndrome. Single cases of immune tolerance induction (ITI) including immunosuppressive agents like mycophenolat mofetil (MMF) or rituximab have been reported. We present a case of successful inhibitor elimination with a combined immune-modulating therapy and high-dose factor IX (FIX). This boy had developed a FIX inhibitor at the age of 5 years and had a history of allergic reactions to FIX and to FEIBA→. Under on-demand treatment with recombinant activated FVII the inhibitor became undetectable but the boy suffered from multiple joint and muscle bleeds. At the age of 11.5 years ITI was attempted with a combination of rituximab, MMF, dexamethasone, intravenous immunoglobulins and high-dose FIX. The inhibitor did not reappear and FIX half-life normalized. No allergic reaction, no signs of nephrotic syndrome and no serious infections were observed.

Giant Solitary Gastric Peutz-Jeghers Polyp Mimicking a Malignant Gastric Tumor: the Largest Described in Literature

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sorinel Lunca ◽  
Vlad Porumb ◽  
Natalia Velenciuc ◽  
Dan Ferariu ◽  
Gabriel Dimofte
Keyword(s):  
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Rare Event ◽  
Gastric Tumor ◽  
Node Metastasis ◽  
Mucocutaneous Pigmentation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Peutz Jeghers Syndrome ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal ◽  
Gastric Malignancy ◽  
Polypoid Tumor

A solitary Peutz-Jeghers polyp is defined as a unique polyp occurring without associated mucocutaneous pigmentation or a family history of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. Gastric solitary localization is a rare event, with only eight reported cases to date. We report herein the case of a 43-year old woman who presented with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, severe anemia, weight loss and asthenia. Endoscopy revealed a giant polypoid tumor with signs of neoplastic invasion of the cardia, with pathological aspect suggesting a Peutz-Jeghers hamartomatous polyp. Computed tomography suggested a malignant gastric tumor and a total gastrectomy was performed. The pathological specimen showed a giant 150/70/50 mm polypoid tumor and immunochemistry established the final diagnostic of a Peutz-Jegers type polyp. This is the largest solitary Peutz-Jeghers gastric polyp reported until now, and the second one mimicking a gastric malignancy with lymph node metastasis.

КЛИНИЧЕСКОЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЕ ПИЩЕВЫХ АЛЛЕРГЕНОВ ЖИВОТНОГО ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЯ

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.N. Pampura ◽  
E.E. Varlamov
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Essential Nutrients ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Food Animal ◽  
Mammalian Meat

Продукты животного происхождения обладают наиболее сбалансированным комплексом необходимых нутриентов, поэтому их включение в пищевой рацион оправданно в различные возрастные периоды. Клинические проявления аллергии к данным продуктам крайне разнообразны. Одним из ключевых аспектов обозначенной проблемы является диагностика и оценка вероятности развития перекрестной реактивности. К пищевым продуктам животного происхождения, наиболее часто индуцирующим симптомы, относятся коровье молоко, куриное яйцо, рыба, моллюски, ракообразные, мясо млекопитающих. В представленной статье изложены данные об основных классах пищевых аллергенов животного происхождения, индуцирующих развитие перекрестных аллергических реакций. Описаны синдромы, связанные с перекрестной реактивностью: птица-яйцо , кошка-свинина , рыба-курица и -Gal-синдром/ синдром красного мяса .Animal foods products contain the most balanced complex of essential nutrients. The clinical manifestations of allergy to these products are varied. Key aspect of this problem is diagnostics and assessment of cross-reactivity. The food animal products that more often induce symptoms include cows milk, hens egg, fish, mollusks, crustaceans, mammalian meat. Data on the main classes of food animal allergens inducing the development of cross-allergic reactions as well as syndromes associated with cross-reactivity like bird-egg , cat-pork , fish-chicken and a-Gal-syndrome/ red meat syndrome are described in this article.

The Nonviolent Struggle for Indian Freedom, 1905-19

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hardiman
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Passive Resistance ◽  
Civil Resistance ◽  
Political Concept ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second World ◽  
Moral Stance

Much of the recent surge in writing about the practice of nonviolent forms of resistance has focused on movements that occurred after the end of the Second World War, many of which have been extremely successful. Although the fact that such a method of civil resistance was developed in its modern form by Indians is acknowledged in this writing, there has not until now been an authoritative history of the role of Indians in the evolution of the phenomenon.The book argues that while nonviolence is associated above all with the towering figure of Mahatma Gandhi, 'passive resistance' was already being practiced as a form of civil protest by nationalists in British-ruled India, though there was no principled commitment to nonviolence as such. The emphasis was on efficacy, rather than the ethics of such protest. It was Gandhi, first in South Africa and then in India, who evolved a technique that he called 'satyagraha'. He envisaged this as primarily a moral stance, though it had a highly practical impact. From 1915 onwards, he sought to root his practice in terms of the concept of ahimsa, a Sanskrit term that he translated as ‘nonviolence’. His endeavors saw 'nonviolence' forged as both a new word in the English language, and as a new political concept. This book conveys in vivid detail exactly what such nonviolence entailed, and the formidable difficulties that the pioneers of such resistance encountered in the years 1905-19.

Repainting the Little Red Schoolhouse

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
John G. Rodden
Keyword(s):  
Educational Reform ◽  
English Language ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
German Education ◽  
Language Study ◽  
History Of

This is the first English-language study of GDR education and the first book, in any language, to trace the history of Eastern German education from 1945 through the 1990s. Rodden fully relates the GDR's attempt to create a new Marxist nation by means of educational reform, and looks not only at the changing institution of education but at something the Germans call Bildung--the formation of character and the cultivation of body and spirit. The sociology of nation-building is also addressed.

Canada

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
George L. Parker
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
English Language ◽  
Book Market ◽  
Canadian Literature ◽  
History Of ◽  
Queen's University ◽  
American Authors

This chapter discusses the history of fiction publishing in Canada since 1950. It begins with the arrival of New York publisher Alfred Knopf in Canada in August 1955, a month after the Canadian Writers' Conference was held at Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario. During the conference, the sorry plight of the English-language book scene was tackled: bookstores, for example, were dominated by British and American authors, and Canadian literature was practically ignored in schools and universities. The chapter examines how many of these complaints were resolved by the 2000s. It considers changes in Canadian fiction from traditional realism towards modernism and postmodernism, and the importance of the New Canadian Library quality paperback series (1958). It also describes other significant developments that reshaped the Canadian book market, including the emergence of independent small presses, Harlequin Enterprises, the proliferation of international conglomerates, the marketing of e-books, and the rise of Amazon.

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