Decreased white matter diffusivity metrics after acute SSRI challenge in depressed patients and healthy controls

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (Suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. A3.44
Author(s):  
René Seiger
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Depressed Patients

scholarly journals Mapping Brain Microstructure and Network Alterations in Depressive Patients with Suicide Attempts Using Generalized Q-Sampling MRI

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Vincent Chin-Hung Chen ◽  
Chun-Ju Kao ◽  
Yuan-Hsiung Tsai ◽  
Roger S. McIntyre ◽  
Jun-Cheng Weng
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Graph Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
History Of

Depressive disorder is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide, with a high prevalence and chronic course. Depressive disorder carries an increased risk of suicide. Alterations in brain structure and networks may play an important role in suicidality among depressed patients. Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive method to map white-matter fiber orientations and provide quantitative parameters. This study investigated the neurological structural differences and network alterations in depressed patients with suicide attempts by using generalized q-sampling imaging (GQI). Our study recruited 155 participants and assigned them into three groups: 44 depressed patients with a history of suicide attempts (SA), 56 depressed patients without a history of suicide attempts (D) and 55 healthy controls (HC). We used the GQI to analyze the generalized fractional anisotropy (GFA) and normalized quantitative anisotropy (NQA) values in voxel-based statistical analysis, topological parameters in graph theoretical analysis and subnetwork connectivity in network-based statistical analysis. GFA indicates the measurement of neural anisotropy and represents white-matter integrity; NQA indicates the amount of anisotropic spins that diffuse along fiber orientations and represents white-matter compactness. In the voxel-based statistical analysis, we found lower GFA and NQA values in the SA group than in the D and HC groups and lower GFA and NQA values in the D group than in the HC group. In the graph theoretical analysis, the SA group demonstrated higher local segregation and lower global integration among the three groups. In the network-based statistical analysis, the SA group showed stronger subnetwork connections in the frontal and parietal lobes, and the D group showed stronger subnetwork connections in the parietal lobe than the HC group. Alternations were found in the structural differences and network measurements in healthy controls and depressed patients with and without a history of suicide attempt.

scholarly journals Phosphodiesterase 8A to discriminate in blood samples depressed patients and suicide attempters from healthy controls based on A-to-I RNA editing modifications

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Salvetat ◽  
Fabrice Chimienti ◽  
Christopher Cayzac ◽  
Benjamin Dubuc ◽  
Francisco Checa-Robles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Rna Editing ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
The Brain

AbstractMental health issues, including major depressive disorder, which can lead to suicidal behavior, are considered by the World Health Organization as a major threat to global health. Alterations in neurotransmitter signaling, e.g., serotonin and glutamate, or inflammatory response have been linked to both MDD and suicide. Phosphodiesterase 8A (PDE8A) gene expression is significantly decreased in the temporal cortex of major depressive disorder (MDD) patients. PDE8A specifically hydrolyzes adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP), which is a key second messenger involved in inflammation, cognition, and chronic antidepressant treatment. Moreover, alterations of RNA editing in PDE8A mRNA has been described in the brain of depressed suicide decedents. Here, we investigated PDE8A A-to-I RNA editing-related modifications in whole blood of depressed patients and suicide attempters compared to age-matched and sex-matched healthy controls. We report significant alterations of RNA editing of PDE8A in the blood of depressed patients and suicide attempters with major depression, for which the suicide attempt took place during the last month before sample collection. The reported RNA editing modifications in whole blood were similar to the changes observed in the brain of suicide decedents. Furthermore, analysis and combinations of different edited isoforms allowed us to discriminate between suicide attempters and control groups. Altogether, our results identify PDE8A as an immune response-related marker whose RNA editing modifications translate from brain to blood, suggesting that monitoring RNA editing in PDE8A in blood samples could help to evaluate depressive state and suicide risk.

Platelet [3H]imipramine binding in depressed patients and its circadian variations in healthy controls

1986 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Nankai ◽  
Seishi Yoshimoto ◽  
Kyoko Narita ◽  
Ryo Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Circadian Variations ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Imipramine Binding

Aberrant White Matter Microstructure in Depressed Patients with Suicidality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huawei Zhang ◽  
Huiru Li ◽  
Li Yin ◽  
Ziqi Chen ◽  
Baolin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
White Matter Microstructure

778 Poor Sleep Quality is Associated with Reduced Myelination in Patients with Psychotic Disorders

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A303-A303
Author(s):  
Cagri Yuksel ◽  
Xi Chen ◽  
Lauren Watford ◽  
Margaret Gardner ◽  
Kathryn Lewandowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Sleep Loss ◽  
Magnetization Transfer Ratio ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality

Abstract Introduction Recent studies show that sleep favors oligodendrocyte proliferation and myelination, and sleep loss is associated with alterations in white matter structure and decreased myelination. Psychotic disorders are characterized by disrupted white matter integrity, and abnormal axon and myelin structure. Despite common sleep disturbances in these disorders, little is known about the relationship between sleep quality and white matter findings. A novel in vivo neuroimaging technique that combines diffusion tensor spectroscopy (DTS) and magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) allows separately examining the axon structure and glial function, and myelin content, respectively. Using this method, we examined the association of sleep quality with white matter biology in a sample of patients with psychotic disorders and matched healthy controls. Methods Participants included patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder with psychotic features (euthymic or depressed, n=12) and schizophrenia spectrum disorders (n=9), and age and sex matched healthy controls (n=20). DTS and MTR data was collected from the right prefrontal white matter at 4T. DTS measures included apparent diffusion coefficients of water, NAA, creatine and choline. Sleep quality was measured using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Results PSQI total score was significantly higher in patients. and patient sample included a higher percentage of poor sleepers (PSQI total score>5). In patients, total PSQI score and sleep onset latency were significantly and negatively associated with MTR (F=6.9, p=0.02 and F=9.7, p=0.007, respectively). There was no difference in any DTS measures between groups. Conclusion Our preliminary results show that poor sleep quality is associated with decreased myelin content in the frontal lobe, in patients with psychotic disorders. This finding suggests that sleep loss may be a mediator of white matter alterations in psychosis. Support (if any) This work is supported by National Institute of Mental Health K23MH119322 to Cagri Yuksel

Association of Age at Onset With Gray Matter Volume and White Matter Microstructural Abnormalities in People With Multiple Sclerosis

Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012869
Author(s):  
Raffaello Bonacchi ◽  
Alessandro Meani ◽  
Elisabetta Pagani ◽  
Olga Marchesi ◽  
Andrea Falini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Compensatory Mechanisms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Matter Volume

Objective:To investigate whether age at onset influences brain gray matter volume (GMV) and white matter (WM) microstructural abnormalities in adult multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, given its influence on clinical phenotype and disease course.Method:In this hypothesis-driven cross-sectional study, we enrolled 67 pediatric-onset MS (POMS) patients and 143 sex- and disease duration (DD)-matched randomly-selected adult-onset MS (AOMS) patients, together with 208 healthy controls. All subjects underwent neurological evaluation and 3T MRI acquisition. MRI variables were standardized based on healthy controls, to remove effects of age and sex. Associations with DD in POMS and AOMS patients were studied with linear models. Time to reach clinical and MRI milestones was assessed with product-limit approach.Results:At DD=1 year, GMV and WM fractional anisotropy (FA) were abnormal in AOMS but not in POMS patients. Significant interaction of age at onset (POMS vs AOMS) into the association with DD was found for GMV and WM FA. The crossing point of regression lines in POMS and AOMS patients was at 20 years of DD for GMV and 14 for WM FA. For POMS and AOMS patients, median DD was 29 and 19 years to reach Expanded Disability Status Scale=3 (p<0.001), 31 and 26 years to reach abnormal Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task-3 (p=0.01), 24 and 18 years to reach abnormal GMV (p=0.04), and 19 and 17 years to reach abnormal WM FA (p=0.36).Conclusions:Younger patients are initially resilient to MS-related damage. Then, compensatory mechanisms start failing with loss of WM integrity, followed by GM atrophy and finally disability.

Altered Functional Connectivity Patterns of Parietal Subregions Contribute to Cognitive Dysfunction in Patients with White Matter Hyperintensities

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Qiang Wei ◽  
Shanshan Cao ◽  
Yang Ji ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cingulate Gyrus ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Gyrus ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity

Background: The white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are considered as one of the core neuroimaging findings of cerebral small vessel disease and independently associated with cognitive deficit. The parietal lobe is a heterogeneous area containing many subregions and play an important role in the processes of neurocognition. Objective: To explore the relationship between parietal subregions alterations and cognitive impairments in WHMs. Methods: Resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) analyses of parietal subregions were performed in 104 right-handed WMHs patients divided into mild (n = 39), moderate (n = 37), and severe WMHs (n = 28) groups according to the Fazekas scale and 36 healthy controls. Parietal subregions were defined using tractographic Human Brainnetome Atlas and included five subregions for superior parietal lobe, six subregions for inferior parietal lobe (IPL), and three subregions for precuneus. All participants underwent a neuropsychological test battery to evaluate emotional and general cognitive functions. Results: Differences existed between the rs-FC strength of IPL_R_6_2 with the left anterior cingulate gyrus, IPL_R_6_3 with the right dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus, and the IPL_R_6_5 with the left anterior cingulate gyrus. The connectivity strength between IPL_R_6_3 and the left anterior cingulate gyrus were correlated with AVLT-immediate and AVLT-recognition test in WMHs. Conclusion: We explored the roles of parietal subregions in WMHs using rs-FC. The functional connectivity of parietal subregions with the cortex regions showed significant differences between the patients with WMHs and healthy controls which may be associated with cognitive deficits in WMHs.

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