scholarly journals Measurement of cortisol in human Hair as a biomarker of systemic exposure

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittany Sauvé ◽  
Gideon Koren ◽  
Grace Walsh ◽  
Sonya Tokmakejian ◽  
Stan HM Van Uum
Keyword(s):  
Reference Range ◽  
Systemic Exposure ◽  
Hair Color ◽  
Hair Cortisol ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Endogenous Production ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Purpose: Current methods for measuring long-term endogenous production of cortisol can be challenging due to the need to take multiple urine, saliva or serum samples. Hair grows approximately 1 centimeter per month, and hair analysis accurately reflects exposure to drug abuse and environmental toxins. Here we describe a new assay for measurement of cortisol in hair, and determined a reference range for non-obese subjects. Methods: For measurement of cortisol in hair we modified an immunoassay originally developed for measuring cortisol in saliva. We compared hair samples obtained from various parts of the head, and assessed the effect of hair dying. We analyzed hair samples from non-obese subjects, in whom we also obtained urine, saliva and blood samples for cortisol measurements. Results: The mean extraction recovery for hair cortisol standards of 100 ng/ml, 50 ng/ml and 2 ng/ml (n=6) was 87.9%, 88.9% and 87.4%, respectively. Hair cortisol levels were not affected by hair color or by dying hair samples after they were obtained. Cortisol levels were decreased in hair that was artificially colored before taking the sample. The coefficient of variation was high for cortisol levels in hair from different sections of the head (30.5 %), but was smaller when comparing between hair samples obtained from the vertex posterior (15.6%). The reference range for cortisol in hair was 17.7-153.2 pg/mg of hair (median 46.1 pg/mg). Hair cortisol levels correlated significantly with cortisol in 24-hour urine (r=0.33; P=0.041). Conclusion: The correlation of hair cortisol with 24-hour urine cortisol supports its relevance as biomarker for long-term exposure.

scholarly journals Hair cortisol-a method to detect chronic cortisol levels in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasanain Hamid Shukur ◽  
Yolanda B de Rijke ◽  
Elisabeth FC van Rossum ◽  
Laith Hussain-Alkhateeb ◽  
Charlotte Höybye
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Linear Regression Model ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Hair Cortisol ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Abstract Background: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a multisymptomatic, rare, genetic, neurodevelopmental disorder in adults mainly characterized by hyperphagia, cognitive dysfunction, behavioral problems and risk of morbid obesity. Although endocrine insufficiencies are common, hypocortisolism is rare and knowledge on long-term cortisol concentrations is lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term cortisol levels in PWS by measurements of hair cortisol. Methods: Twenty-nine adults with PWS, 15 men and 14 women, median age 29 years, median BMI 27 kg/m2, were included. Scalp hair samples were analyzed for cortisol content using liquid-chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry. In addition, a questionnaire on auxology, medication and stress were included. For comparison, 105 age- and sex-matched participants from the population-based Lifelines Cohort study were included as controls. The mean hair cortisol between the groups were compared and associations between BMI and stress were assessed by a generalized linear regression model. Results: In the PWS group large variations in hair cortisol was seen. Mean hair cortisol was 12.8±25.4 pg/mg compared to 3.8±7.3 pg/mg in controls (p=0.001). The linear regression model similarly showed higher cortisol levels in patients with PWS, which remained consistent after adjusting for BMI and stress (p=0.023). Furthermore, hair cortisol increased with BMI (p=0.012) and reported stress (p=0.014). Conclusion: Long-term cortisol concentrations were higher in patients with PWS compared to controls and increased with BMI and stress, suggesting an adequate cortisol response to chronic stress. Hair cortisol demonstrate promising applications in the context of PWS treatment and disease management.

scholarly journals Hair cortisol-a method to detect chronic cortisol levels in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasanain Hamid Shukur ◽  
Yolanda B de Rijke ◽  
Elisabeth FC van Rossum ◽  
Laith Hussain-Alkhateeb ◽  
Charlotte Höybye
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Linear Regression Model ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Hair Cortisol ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Abstract Background: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a multisymptomatic, rare, genetic, neurodevelopmental disorder in adults mainly characterized by hyperphagia, cognitive dysfunction, behavioral problems and risk of morbid obesity. Although endocrine insufficiencies are common, hypocortisolism is rare and knowledge on long-term cortisol concentrations is lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term cortisol levels in PWS by measurements of hair cortisol.Methods: Twenty-nine adults with PWS, 15 men and 14 women, median age 29 years, median BMI 27 kg/m2, were included. Scalp hair samples were analyzed for cortisol content using liquid-chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry. In addition, a questionnaire on auxology, medication and stress were included. For comparison, 105 age- and sex-matched participants from the population-based Lifelines Cohort study were included as controls. The mean hair cortisol between the groups were compared and associations between BMI and stress were assessed by a generalized linear regression model.Results: In the PWS group large variations in hair cortisol was seen. Mean hair cortisol was 12.8±25.4 pg/mg compared to 3.8±7.3 pg/mg in controls (p=0.001). The linear regression model similarly showed higher cortisol levels in patients with PWS, which remained consistent after adjusting for BMI and stress (p=0.023). Furthermore, hair cortisol increased with BMI (p=0.012) and reported stress (p=0.014).Conclusion: Long-term cortisol concentrations were higher in patients with PWS compared to controls and increased with BMI and stress, suggesting an adequate cortisol response to chronic stress. Hair cortisol demonstrate promising applications in the context of PWS treatment and disease management.

scholarly journals Hair cortisol-a method to detect chronic cortisol levels in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasanain Hamid Shukur ◽  
Yolanda B. de Rijke ◽  
Elisabeth F. C. van Rossum ◽  
Laith Hussain-Alkhateeb ◽  
Charlotte Höybye
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Linear Regression Model ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Hair Cortisol ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Abstract Background Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a multisymptomatic, rare, genetic, neurodevelopmental disorder in adults mainly characterized by hyperphagia, cognitive dysfunction, behavioral problems and risk of morbid obesity. Although endocrine insufficiencies are common, hypocortisolism is rare and knowledge on long-term cortisol concentrations is lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term cortisol levels in PWS by measurements of hair cortisol. Methods Twenty-nine adults with PWS, 15 men and 14 women, median age 29 years, median BMI 27 kg/m2, were included. Scalp hair samples were analyzed for cortisol content using liquid-chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry. In addition, a questionnaire on auxology, medication and stress were included. For comparison, 105 age- and sex-matched participants from the population-based Lifelines Cohort study were included as controls. The mean hair cortisol between the groups were compared and associations between BMI and stress were assessed by a generalized linear regression model. Results In the PWS group large variations in hair cortisol was seen. Mean hair cortisol was 12.8 ± 25.4 pg/mg compared to 3.8 ± 7.3 pg/mg in controls (p = 0.001). The linear regression model similarly showed higher cortisol levels in patients with PWS, which remained consistent after adjusting for BMI and stress (p = 0.023). Furthermore, hair cortisol increased with BMI (p = 0.012) and reported stress (p = 0.014). Conclusion Long-term cortisol concentrations were higher in patients with PWS compared to controls and increased with BMI and stress, suggesting an adequate cortisol response to chronic stress. Hair cortisol demonstrate promising applications in the context of PWS treatment and disease management.

scholarly journals Hair cortisol- a novel method to explore Prader-Willi syndrome.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasanain Hamid Shukur ◽  
Yolanda B de Rijke ◽  
Elisabeth FC van Rossum ◽  
Laith Hussain-Alkhateeb ◽  
Charlotte Höybye
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Linear Regression Model ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Hair Cortisol ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Abstract Background: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a multisymptomatic, rare, genetic, neurodevelopmental disorder in adults mainly characterized by hyperphagia, cognitive dysfunction, behavioral problems and risk of morbid obesity. Although endocrine insufficiencies are common, hypocortisolism is rare and knowledge on long-term cortisol concentrations is lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term cortisol levels in PWS by measurements of hair cortisol. Methods: Twenty-nine adults with PWS, 15 men and 14 women, median age 29 years, median BMI 27 kg/m2, were included. Scalp hair samples were analyzed for cortisol content using liquid-chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry. In addition, a questionnaire on auxology, medication and stress were included. For comparison, 105 age- and sex-matched participants from the population-based Lifelines Cohort study were included as controls. The mean hair cortisol between the groups were compared and associations between BMI and stress were assessed by a generalized linear regression model. Results: In the PWS group large variations in hair cortisol was seen. Mean hair cortisol was 12.8±25.4 pg/mg compared to 3.8±7.3 pg/mg in controls (p=0.001). The linear regression model similarly showed higher cortisol levels in patients with PWS, which remained consistent after adjusting for BMI and stress (p=0.023). Furthermore, hair cortisol increased with BMI (p=0.012) and reported stress (p=0.014). Conclusion: Long-term cortisol concentrations were higher in patients with PWS compared to controls and increased with BMI and stress, suggesting an adequate cortisol response to chronic stress. Hair cortisol demonstrate promising applications in the context of PWS treatment and disease management.

scholarly journals Hair cortisol-a method to detect chronic cortisol levels in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasanain Hamid Shukur ◽  
Yolanda B de Rijke ◽  
Elisabeth FC van Rossum ◽  
Laith Hussain-Alkhateeb ◽  
Charlotte Höybye
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Linear Regression Model ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Hair Cortisol ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Abstract Background: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a multisymptomatic, rare, genetic, neurodevelopmental disorder in adults mainly characterized by hyperphagia, cognitive dysfunction, behavioral problems and risk of morbid obesity. Although endocrine insufficiencies are common, hypocortisolism is rare and knowledge on long-term cortisol concentrations is lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term cortisol levels in PWS by measurements of hair cortisol. Methods: Twenty-nine adults with PWS, 15 men and 14 women, median age 29 years, median BMI 27 kg/m2, were included. Scalp hair samples were analyzed for cortisol content using liquid-chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry. In addition, a questionnaire on auxology, medication and stress were included. For comparison, 105 age- and sex-matched participants from the population-based Lifelines Cohort study were included as controls. The mean hair cortisol between the groups were compared and associations between BMI and stress were assessed by a generalized linear regression model. Results: In the PWS group large variations in hair cortisol was seen. Mean hair cortisol was 12.8±25.4 pg/mg compared to 3.8±7.3 pg/mg in controls (p=0.001). The linear regression model similarly showed higher cortisol levels in patients with PWS, which remained consistent after adjusting for BMI and stress (p=0.023). Furthermore, hair cortisol increased with BMI (p=0.012) and reported stress (p=0.014). Conclusion: Long-term cortisol concentrations were higher in patients with PWS compared to controls and increased with BMI and stress, suggesting an adequate cortisol response to chronic stress. Hair cortisol demonstrate promising applications in the context of PWS treatment and disease management.

scholarly journals Hair cortisol-a method to detect chronic cortisol levels in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasanain Hamid Shukur ◽  
Yolanda B de Rijke ◽  
Elisabeth FC van Rossum ◽  
Laith Hussain-Alkhateeb ◽  
Charlotte Höybye
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Linear Regression Model ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Hair Cortisol ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Abstract Background: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a multisymptomatic, rare, genetic, neurodevelopmental disorder in adults mainly characterized by hyperphagia, cognitive dysfunction, behavioral problems and risk of morbid obesity. Although endocrine insufficiencies are common, hypocortisolism is rare and knowledge on long-term cortisol concentrations is lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term cortisol levels in PWS by measurements of hair cortisol.Methods: Twenty-nine adults with PWS, 15 men and 14 women, median age 29 years, median BMI 27 kg/m2, were included. Scalp hair samples were analyzed for cortisol content using liquid-chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry. In addition, a questionnaire on auxology, medication and stress were included. For comparison, 105 age- and sex-matched participants from the population-based Lifelines Cohort study were included as controls. The mean hair cortisol between the groups were compared and associations between BMI and stress were assessed by a generalized linear regression model.Results: In the PWS group large variations in hair cortisol was seen. Mean hair cortisol was 12.8±25.4 pg/mg compared to 3.8±7.3 pg/mg in controls (p=0.001). The linear regression model similarly showed higher cortisol levels in patients with PWS, which remained consistent after adjusting for BMI and stress (p=0.023). Furthermore, hair cortisol increased with BMI (p=0.012) and reported stress (p=0.014).Conclusion: Long-term cortisol concentrations were higher in patients with PWS compared to controls and increased with BMI and stress, suggesting an adequate cortisol response to chronic stress. Hair cortisol demonstrate promising applications in the context of PWS treatment and disease management.

scholarly journals The relationship between stress and hair cortisol in healthy pregnant women

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjog Kalra ◽  
Adrienne Einarson ◽  
Tatyana Karaskov ◽  
Stan Van Uum ◽  
Gideon Koren
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Biological Marker ◽  
Hair Cortisol ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Gestational Stress ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: Stress has been shown to cause a large range of adverse fetal effects. This pilot study is the first attempt to examine cortisol level in the hair of pregnant women and assess its potential as a biomarker of gestational stress. Patients and Methods: Twenty-five healthy pregnant women, in whom hair cortisol levels and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) were measured and correlated. Results: Maternal hair cortisol levels, ranging between 0.06 and 0.23 nmol/g of hair correlated positively and significantly with measures of perceived stress (ranging between 2-22); (Rs=0.47) (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Our findings corroborate recent primate studies with induced stress, and suggest that hair cortisol is a potential biomarker of chronic stress in pregnancy. This new long term biological marker may have important implications in research and clinical practice.

scholarly journals Scalp hair sweating as a predictor of hair cortisol level in human compared to obesity and other confounders

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Darya S. Abdulateef
Keyword(s):  
Cortisol Level ◽  
Scalp Hair ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Hair Cortisol ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Study Participants

AbstractInconsistent results were found throughout the literature regarding factors affecting hair cortisol levels. Hair cortisol level in humans was not studied for its associations to scalp hair sweating or hair wash frequency in a patient-based way. Factors affecting hair cortisol levels must be precisely known in order to interpret the results correctly. The aims of the study are to assess if BMI, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), hair wash frequency, and sweating with scalp hair affect hair cortisol levels. It will assess which of these factors are more significant predictors of hair cortisol levels. In a study on healthy adults, information about history, socio-demographics, PSS, hair wash frequency, hair treatment, and scalp hair sweating were collected, and hair samples were taken and analyzed for their hair cortisol level. Associations of hair cortisol levels with each of the variables were investigated and significant predictors of hair cortisol levels among the variables were found. Mean hair cortisol level in the study participants was 16.84 pg/mg hair. Hair cortisol has a significant positive association with weight, BMI, PSS, and scalp hair sweating, p < 0.05. Scalp hair sweating significantly predicts hair cortisol levels by 12.3%, while other variables did not significantly predict hair cortisol levels, p < 0.05. Scalp hair sweating significantly predicts hair cortisol levels. Age, hair wash frequency, hair treatment, and stressful events have no associations with hair cortisol levels. Although BMI and PSS are associated with hair cortisol levels, they do not significantly predict it. Obesity is significantly associated with profuse sweating, thus the increase in hair cortisol levels in obese individuals could partly be the result of a higher incidence of sweating in these individuals. Thus, scalp hair sweating should be taken into consideration during the study and interpretation of hair cortisol levels.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Associations between Hair Cortisol, PTSD Symptoms, and Sleep Disturbances in a Sample of Firefighters with Duty-related Trauma Exposure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Roxanne Sopp ◽  
Tanja Michael ◽  
Johanna Lass-Hennemann ◽  
Shilat Haim-Nachum ◽  
Miriam J. J. Lommen
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Secondary Outcome Measure ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Hair Cortisol ◽  
Trauma Severity ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Average Work ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Several studies have found evidence of altered cortisol levels in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Based on these findings, it is assumed that these patients may show signs of cortisol dysregulation after trauma. Posttrauma cortisol levels are thus considered a potential biomarker of PTSD. However, longitudinal studies using indicators of long-term cortisol secretion (such as hair cortisol concentrations; HCC) are scarce. The current study investigated prospective associations between HCC and PTSD symptoms in a sample of Dutch firefighters taking into account varying levels of work-related trauma severity. In addition, we assessed posttraumatic sleep disturbances as a secondary outcome measure to investigate whether effects generalize to this frequent comorbidity of PTSD. Three hundred seventy-one Dutch firefighters with a mean of 14.01 years of work experience were included in the analyses. Baseline assessment included the collection of hair samples and the measurement of work-related trauma severity, PTSD symptoms, and sleep disturbances. PTSD symptoms and sleep disturbance were re-assessed after six and twelve months. Multilevel analyses indicate a significant positive correlation between HCC and baseline PTSD symptoms in those with average or above-average work-related trauma severity. A similar pattern was evident for posttraumatic sleep disturbances at baseline. Moreover, higher HCC predicted more posttraumatic sleep disturbances after 6 months in participants with above-average work-related trauma severity. No other associations emerged for PTSD symptoms or posttraumatic sleep disturbances at six or twelve months. As such, our study supports the existence of a cross-sectional association between HCC and trauma symptoms, which may vary for different levels of subjective trauma severity. The longitudinal stability of this association should be reinvestigated by future research.

scholarly journals Preventing ectoparasite infestations reduces glucocorticoid concentrations in the hair of cows – short communication

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-393
Author(s):  
Sreten Nedić ◽  
Danijela Kirovski ◽  
Ivan Vujanac ◽  
Radiša Prodanović ◽  
Ljubomir Jovanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Hair Cortisol ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Cortisol Levels

The aim of this study was to compare hair corticosteroid concentrations in ectoparasiticide-treated (n = 10) and non-treated (n = 12) Holstein cows. Animals in the treated group received cyfluthrin three times, on days 0, 28 and 56 of the experiment. Hair samples were collected from all cows on days 0, 21, 42, 63, and 84 of the experiment for the determination of cortisol and corticosterone concentrations using immunoassays. The respective hair cortisol concentrations in the treated group averaged 209.78, 165.10, 260.78, 177.44 and 183.11 ng/g, while in the non-treated group hair cortisol concentrations averaged 172.58, 243.58, 309.73, 199.75 and 207.09 ng/g. These results indicate that the control of ectoparasites reduced hair cortisol levels in dairy cows. The respective hair corticosterone concentrations in the treated group averaged 19.06, 22.95, 21.95, 21.60 and 24.84 ng/g and in the non-treated group the hair corticosterone concentrations averaged 17.28, 21.94, 34.05, 26.27 and 26.91 ng/g. The results suggest that longterm stress can be estimated better by the determination of hair cortisol rather than corticosterone concentrations.

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