scholarly journals Penyelundupan Narkoba di Perbatasan Entikong Indonesia dan Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Elyta Elyta
Keyword(s):  
Modus Operandi ◽  
Cross Border

Permasalahan penyelundupan narkoba merupakan kejahatan lintas batas yang menjadi permasalahan yang krusial bagi negara Indonesia. Penyelundupan narkoba marak terjadi di perbatasan Indonesia-Malaysia dan khususnya di Entikong Indonesia dan Tebedu Malaysia, kasus tersebut cenderung mengalami kenaikan di setiap tahunnya. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis faktor penyebab penyelundupan narkoba di perbatasan Entikong Indonesia dan Malaysia dalam perspektif kejahatan lintas batas. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori Cross Border Crime dan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif untuk melihat analisis mendalam terhadap hasil penelitian. Data pada penelitian ini diperoleh melalui wawancara dan studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa penyelundupan narkoba yang merupakan kejahatan lintas batas di perbatasan Entikong Indonesia dan Malaysia masih terjadi yang disebabkan tetap berjalannya koordinasi yang dilakukan oleh sindikat penyelundup narkoba di penjara sekalipun, minimnya fasilitas pendeteksi terhadap jalur-jalur di perbatasan, masih lemahnya pengawasan dan penindakan hukum, adanya benturan kebijakan antara Indonesia dengan Malaysia, terdapat modus operandi yang baru dalam penyelundupan narkoba tingkat internasional, serta digunakannya jalan tikus di perbatasan Entikong Indonesia dan Malaysia sebagai jalur penyelundupan narkoba.

scholarly journals Reflections on SAARC Framework Agreement for Energy Cooperation (Electricity) Vis-a-vis India’s “Guidelines on Cross Border Trade of Electricity”

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santa Bahadur Pun
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Modus Operandi ◽  
Framework Agreement ◽  
Energy Cooperation ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Border Trade ◽  
Fait Accompli ◽  
The Government ◽  
Case Basis

Despite the Indo-Nepal Electric Power Trade, Cross Border Transmission and Grid Connectivity Agreement of October 2014 and despite the SAARC Framework Agreement on Energy Cooperation (Electricity) of November 2014, the Government of India issued the discriminatory Guidelines on Cross Border Trade of Electricity on December 5, 2016. The Guidelines provide preferential one-time approval for all entities with 51% or more Indian ownership wishing to export electricity from Nepal to India. All other entities, the Guidelines stated, had to undergo the case-to-case basis. Historically, such unilateral actions have always been the modus operandi of India. Despite the regular regional cooperation preaching by India, Nepal will have to, like the Tanakpur and Laxmanpur barrages, BUT accept India’s discriminatory December 2016 Guidelines as her fait accompli!   HYDRO Nepal JournalJournal of Water Energy and EnvironmentIssue No: 22Page: 1-4Uploaded date: January 14, 2018

scholarly journals Cross-Border Couriers as Symbols of Regional Grievance?

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tinashe Nyamunda
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
State Violence ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
National Scale ◽  
Geographical Differences ◽  
Modus Operandi ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Moral Economies ◽  
Regional Histories ◽  
Scale Data

This article explores the history and experiences of cross-border couriers/transporters known as omalayitsha, who remit money and commodities across the border between South Africa and Zimbabwe. Based on interviews with omalayitsha operators, customers and state officials in Matabeleland, it furthers debates over remittances in several ways. First, the focus on couriers and transport operators themselves (rather than on the migrants who are their customers) provides a novel perspective, as the remittance literature tends to overlook these businesses. The article scrutinises couriers’ modus operandi and business relationships with clients, state officials, collaborators and rivals, exploring moral economies, and the entanglement of irregular modes of operation with state authority. The three-fold typology of large, medium and small-scale omalayitsha shows significant variation in relations with the Zimbabwean and South African regulatory authorities. Second, the article emphasises the importance of regional histories and spatial variation, criticising the tendency for debates over remittances to depend on national scale data and ignore geographical differences. The development of the malayitsha remittance system is widely upheld within Matabeleland as a symptom of the region’s marginalisation and displacement, linked to the aftermath of the episode of state violence in the 1980s known as Gukurahundi. I argue that in Matateleland, the figure of the malayitsha is upheld as an icon of regional neglect and enforced cross-border engagement.

scholarly journals Transnational Crime and its Trends in South-East Asia: A Detailed Narrative in Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Thanh Luong
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
National Security ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Social Order ◽  
High Tech ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Modus Operandi ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Develop Society

While implementing economic and political reforms to develop society and the economy since 1986, Vietnam has faced serious challenges to national security and social order associated with the complexities of transnational crimes (e.g., illegal drugs, human trafficking, green crimes and high-tech crimes). Additionally, as an uncharted territory in the field of criminology and policing, overall assessment of these crimes in Vietnam is still absent. Lack of knowledge and background on transnational crimes in Vietnam is considered one of the barriers to full understanding of the nature of cross-border criminals in comparison to other South-East Asian countries. This study analyses specific characteristics and modus operandi of transnational crimes in Vietnam by examining these particularly severe crimes. Findings show there are sophisticated cunning associated with flexible activities to avoid law enforcement monitors. Findings call for further research to inform policymakers and scholars.

The ASEAN Market: Cross-Border Collaboration in Islamic Finance between Malaysia and Thailand

2017 ◽  
Vol 04 ◽  
pp. 21-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Ainon Yussof ◽  
◽  
Razali Haron ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Finance ◽  
Cross Border

SATISFACTION LEVEL OF THE FIRST THAI-LAOS FRIENDSHIP BRIDGE AND CROSS-BORDER TRANSPORTATION CHECKPOINT SYSTEM

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sethapong Jarusombathi ◽  
◽  
Pimnapa Pongsayaporn ◽  
Veeris Amalapala
Keyword(s):  
Satisfaction Level ◽  
Cross Border

Cross-border Migration and Gender Boundaries in Central Eastern Europe – Female Perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-509
Author(s):  
Ágnes Erőss ◽  
Monika Mária Váradi ◽  
Doris Wastl-Walter
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Livelihood Strategy ◽  
Central Eastern Europe ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Dual Earner ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Boundaries

In post-Socialist countries, cross-border labour migration has become a common individual and family livelihood strategy. The paper is based on the analysis of semi-structured interviews conducted with two ethnic Hungarian women whose lives have been significantly reshaped by cross-border migration. Focusing on the interplay of gender and cross-border migration, our aim is to reveal how gender roles and boundaries are reinforced and repositioned by labour migration in the post-socialist context where both the socialist dual-earner model and conventional ideas of family and gender roles simultaneously prevail. We found that cross-border migration challenged these women to pursue diverse strategies to balance their roles of breadwinner, wife, and mother responsible for reproductive work. Nevertheless, the boundaries between female and male work or status were neither discursively nor in practice transgressed. Thus, the effect of cross-border migration on altering gender boundaries in post-socialist peripheries is limited.

Emerging Transnational Practices and Capabilities of Syrian Refugees in Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-138
Author(s):  
Zeynep Sahin Mencütek
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Economic Capital ◽  
Diaspora Studies ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Global North ◽  
Displaced People ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Transnational Activities

Transnational activities of refugees in the Global North have been long studied, while those of the Global South, which host the majority of displaced people, have not yet received adequate scholarly attention. Drawing from refugee studies, transnationalism and diaspora studies, the article focuses on the emerging transnational practices and capabilities of displaced Syrians in Turkey. Relying on qualitative data drawn from interviews in Şanlıurfa – a border province in south-eastern Turkey that hosts half a million Syrians - the paper demonstrates the variations in the types and intensity of Syrians’ transnational activities and capabilities. It describes the low level of individual engagement of Syrians in terms of communicating with relatives and paying short visits to the hometowns as well as the intentional disassociation of young refugees from homeland politics. At the level of Syrian grassroots organisations, there have been mixed engagement initiatives emerging out of sustained cross-border processes. Syrians with higher economic capital and secured legal status have formed some economic, political, and cultural institutional channels, focusing more on empowerment and solidarity in the receiving country than on plans for advancement in the country of origin. Institutional attempts are not mature enough and can be classified as transnational capabilities, rather than actual activities that allow for applying pressure on the host and home governments. This situation can be attributed to the lack of political and economic security in the receiving country as well as no prospects for the stability in the country of origin. The study also concerns questions about the conceptual debates on the issue of refugee diaspora. Whilst there are clear signs of diaspora formation of the Syrian refugee communities, perhaps it is still premature to term Syrians in Turkey as refugee diaspora.

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