EXPRESSION OF SOCIAL DIMENSION: THE DISTRIBUTION OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SERVICES FACEBOOK AND INSTAGRAM IN TERNOPIL REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-85
Author(s):  
Serhii Puhach
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Penetration Rate ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Social Networking Service ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Social Networking Services ◽  
The Social

The intensive development of new information and communication technologies (ICT) has led to major changes in society. The widespread use of smartphones and mobile communications has allowed today to create new programs and services to improve human life. This development changes the established habits of human communication, the relationship between society and the environment. A social networking service (SNS) is a service (on a website or through a mobile application) that allows users to share a personal profile and establish contacts with other users. Social networking services affect the territorial organization of society and can be used for the development of both settlements and entire territories to make their development more sustainable and balanced. The study of social networking services is currently on the rise. The joint efforts of many sciences (sociology, psychology, geography, mathematics, statistics, computer science, etc.) are needed to understand the subject essence of the phenomenon and to analyze data. Approaches to the study of social networking services can be divided into three large groups: 1) in terms of human relations and relationships; 2) in terms of content distributed on the network; 3) in terms of spatial aspects of the functioning of the social network. In Ukraine, there are no detailed studies of the spatial aspects of the spread of social networking services at the local level. In the Ternopil region, there is a pattern of concentration of the majority of Facebook and Instagram users in the largest cities, namely Ternopil, Chortkiv, Berezhany, Kremenets. Buchach, Borshchiv, Zalishchyky, Terebovlya, and Shumsk districts stand out among the districts by the number of users. An important indicator that characterizes the spread of social networking services is the penetration rate of the social network, which is calculated as the ratio of the number of users in a certain territory to the population living in it. Cities of regional subordination differ in terms of the penetration rate of SNS. The highest values were observed in Chortkiv, Ternopil, Kremenets cities. The penetration rate of social networking services in the administrative districts of Ternopil region is much lower. A relatively high rate (over 30%) was recorded in Buchach, Berezhany and Shumsk districts. Extremely low penetration rate (less than 5%) is in Zbarazh, Chortkiv, Zboriv districts which are adjacent to the cities of regional subordination. The social networking service Instagram is inferior to Facebook in level of development, and its main users are mainly young people. However, in the territories where the rate of Facebook penetration is the lowest in the region (Ternopil, Zbarazh, Chortkiv, Zboriv districts), the predominance of Instagram is noted. Thus, the main patterns of spatial distribution of SNS’ Facebook and Instagram in Ternopil region are: concentration of users in the largest cities, especially in the regional center Ternopil City (half of Facebook and Instagram users in the region); the number of users is proportional to the population in the territorial unit; small number of users and low penetration rate of the SNS’ in the administrative districts adjacent to the cities of regional subordination Ternopil and Chortkiv; among administrative districts, higher indicators of social network development are typical for northern and southern districts in comparison with central ones. Key words: social networking service (SNS), penetration rate of the SNS, Facebook, Instagram, Ternopil region.

scholarly journals Spatial peculiarities of social networking services distribution in Rivnenska oblast

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Penetration Rate ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Social Networking Service ◽  
Social Networking Services ◽  
The Social ◽  
Big Cities

Social networking services are a modern phenomenon in the field of human relations. As differentiated from western science, the issue of SNS spatial distribution is not a matter of high concern in Ukrainian researchers because of a number of objective and subjective reasons. The main task of the research is to analyze the spatial distribution of the amount of users and the penetration level of social networking services such as Facebook and Instagram in administrative districts and cities of region subordination belonging to Rivnenska oblast. Facebook is the most popular social networking service in Rivnenska oblast. There is a trend towards concentration of users' accounts in big cities: Rivne City, Dubno City, Varash City. More than 70% of users of the oblast live in the cities of oblast subordination and 58.4% of accounts are concentrated in Rivne City which is also the regional center. T. Hägerstrand's Spatial Innovation Diffusion Theory has been proved – the largest cities of the oblast are regional innovation centers. Densely populated Sarnenskyi, Bereznivskyi, and Kostopilskyi districts are distinguished among the districts. Facebook is the least used in Dubenskyi, Rivnenskуі, Ostrozkyi, Zarichnenskyi, Demydivskyi, Hoshchanskyi districts. The penetration rate of the social networking service Facebook in the oblast is 32.7% (in Ukraine – 31.0%). The highest level is in cities of oblast subordination. Rivne City and Dubno City are particularly distinguished. High levels of penetration are achieved due to the high development of technical infrastructure, through the companies' and shops' accounts, as well as accounts of residents from surrounding villages. The relatively low penetration rate in Varash City, the second largest city of Rivne oblast due to population, can be explained by the weaker connections with the surrounding area. In administrative districts, the penetration rate is much lower. A relatively high percentage of users are in Radyvylivskyi, Bereznivskyi, Kostopilskyi districts. These districts are characterized by a high level of socio-economic development and convenient socio-geographical location. The lowest level of penetration of the social networking service is in Demydivskyi, Zarichnenskyi, Hoshchanskyi districts. These are little developed and depressed territories within the oblast. The second most popular social networking service in Rivnenska oblast is Instagram (26.3% penetration rate). In terms of development, it is inferior to Facebook, and its main users are mostly young people. In the spatial distribution of Instagram users, we can trace the same trends as the Facebook. In general, the distribution of social networking services such as Facebook and Instagram in Rivnenska oblast corresponds to a hierarchical model of spatial diffusion. There is a trend towards concentration of users in big cities.

Improving the use of Instagram promotion tools as a way to solve small business problems

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-120
Author(s):  
Yanina Yu. SOKOLENKO
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Logical Analysis ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Visual Content ◽  
Social Networking Service ◽  
The Social

Subject. Instagram is one of the most promising social platforms for business promotion. It enables to publish and consume visual content that is perceived faster than text by users, and, therefore, to use promotional tools as a solution to problems faced by small businesses. Objectives. The study aims at comprehensive research on improving the use of Instagram promotion tools as a way to solve small business problems, and formulation of recommendations. Methods. The study rests on methods of logical analysis, induction and deduction, comparison and generalization. Results. I consider the features and benefits of using Instagram, the role of this social networking service from a commercial standpoint. The paper presents recommendations that can be used by small businesses for their promotion. Furthermore, it shows how to support the social network in the context of the pandemic, which provoked a crisis of small and medium-sized businesses. Conclusions. The offered recommendations can be considered by small businesses as a practical application, which will eventually increase the efficiency of their activities.

scholarly journals Online social networks as formal learning environments: Learner experiences and activities

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 144 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Veletsianos ◽  
Cesar Navarrete
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Online Social Networks ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Online Social Network ◽  
Online Course ◽  
Formal Learning ◽  
The Social

<p>While the potential of social networking sites to contribute to educational endeavors is highlighted by researchers and practitioners alike, empirical evidence on the use of such sites for formal online learning is scant. To fill this gap in the literature, we present a case study of learners’ perspectives and experiences in an online course taught using the Elgg online social network. Findings from this study indicate that learners enjoyed and appreciated both the social learning experience afforded by the online social network and supported one another in their learning, enhancing their own and other students’ experiences. Conversely, results also indicate that students limited their participation to course-related and graded activities, exhibiting little use of social networking and sharing. Additionally, learners needed support in managing the expanded amount of information available to them and devised strategies and “workarounds” to manage their time and participation.<br /><strong></strong></p>

scholarly journals Visitors’ emotional expression in urban forest parks: What can we know about on-line facial images from the Social Networking Services?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoming Guan ◽  
Honxu Wei ◽  
Xingyuan He ◽  
Zhibin Ren ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Urban Forests ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Networking Services ◽  
Forest Park ◽  
The Social ◽  
Forest Parks ◽  
Facial Images

Urban forests can attract visitors by the function of well-being improvement, which can be evaluated by analyzing the big-data from the social networking services (SNS). In this study, 935 facial images of visitors to nine urban forest parks were screened and downloaded from check-in records in the SNS platform of Sina Micro-Blog at cities of Changchun, Harbin, and Shenyang in Northeast China. Images were recognized for facial expressions by FaceReaderTM to read out eight emotional expressions: neutral, happy, sad, angry, surprised, scared, disgusted, and contempt. The number of images by women was larger than that by men. Compared to images from Changchun, those from Shenyang harbored higher neutral degree, which showed a positive relationship with the distance of forest park from downtown. In Changchun, the angry, surprised, and disgusted degrees decreased with the increase of distance of forest park from downtown, while the happy and disgusted degrees showed the same trend in Shenyang. In forest parks at city center and remote-rural areas, the neutral degree was positively correlated with the angry, surprised and contempt degrees but negatively correlated with the happy and disgusted degrees. In the sub-urban area the correlation of neutral with both surprised and disgusted degrees disappeared. Our study can be referred to by urban planning to evaluate the perceived well-being in urban forests through analyzing facial expressions of images from SNS.

Cyber Security and Anti-Social Networking

2011 ◽  
pp. 1286-1297
Author(s):  
Malcolm Shore
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Second Life ◽  
Cyber Security ◽  
Flow Theory ◽  
Theory Model ◽  
Bulletin Board ◽  
Computer Hackers ◽  
The Social

This chapter is about the way in which computer hackers invoke social networking paradigms to support and encourage their activities. It reviews the evolution of hacking as a form of social networking, from its roots in Bulletin Board systems to the current attacks on Second Life, and considers the motivation for hacking. Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behavior and Beveren’s Flow Theory model are, when considered together, found to explain many of the observed characteristics of early hacker activity. The place of social networks in motivating hacking is explored, and some observations are made in relation to hacking and the Second Life environment. A number of control variables are identified which can be used to reduce the likelihood of people engaging in the hacking activity. Addressing the social network factors which motivate hacking provides an important early step in addressing cybercrime.

Introductory Remarks on Perturbations, Cognition, Dispersal, Sociality, and Nonlinear Population Dynamics

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-32
Author(s):  
Daniel Oro
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Tipping Point ◽  
Transient Phenomena ◽  
Critical Transitions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Animals ◽  
Autocatalytic Process

This chapter defines the different terms and processes that are the main themes of the book. This chapter starts by explaining how perturbations increase uncertainty, which pushes individuals to update and gather information. In social animals, this information is shared through the social network, which is used to make a decision about staying or leaving the patch. Finally, this decision is not going to be made individually but rather based on decisions made by others. Perturbations may accumulate until surpassing a tipping point; then the first individuals may start to disperse and the rest copies this behaviour, which cascade as long as more individuals disperse. This autocatalytic process is termed runaway dispersal, which may result in nonlinear population dynamics, such as hysteresis, critical transitions, and transient phenomena. These dynamics should occur at the local level (e.g. patch collapse) and metapopulation level (e.g. extinction–colonization turnover).

The Role of Social Networking in Capital Sourcing

2019 ◽  
pp. 097215091986886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ameeta Jaiswal-Dale ◽  
Fanny Simon-Lee ◽  
Giovanna Zanotti ◽  
Peter Cincinelli
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Centrality Measures ◽  
Spontaneous Growth ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Road Map ◽  
The Social

The aim of this research is to apply the tool of social network analysis to situations in capital sourcing, including early stage financing. The study is conducted within the social network of Medical Alley Association of Minnesota (MAA). We investigate the correlation between the main centrality measures: closeness, degree and betweenness, and the amount of funding received by the 163 MAA members during 2009–2012. Companies benefit from their social network to get access to better financing. The empirical results also provide a road map to encourage the sponsored or spontaneous growth of other social networks in related fields. Despite the financial crisis, the empirical results show how competition works when firms have established relations with others. Where an intersection occurs is merely an empirical curiosity and the causation resides in the intersection of relations. The relation that intersects on an organization determines the player’s competitive advantage.

Social network fatigue affecting continuance intention of social networking services

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Zong ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
Zheshi Bao
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Continuance Intention ◽  
Social Networking Services ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Perceived Enjoyment

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how social network fatigue affects continuance intention of social networking services (SNSs) from a more comprehensive perspective. Design/methodology/approach A research model was proposed by integrating uses and gratification theory (UGT), social network fatigue and continuance intention. The relationships between the three dimensions of UGT and continuance intention were examined, as well as the direct and moderating effects of social network fatigue. To collect data, an online survey was adopted, and 227 valid responses were analyzed by structural equation modeling. Findings The empirical findings demonstrate that utilitarian gratification (information seeking), social gratification (social interaction) and hedonic gratification (perceived enjoyment) are positively associated with SNS users’ continuance intention. Meanwhile, social network fatigue can directly and negatively affect continuance intention. Furthermore, the relationships between the two dimensions of UGT (information seeking, perceived enjoyment) and continuance intention are also negatively moderated by social network fatigue. Originality/value This study contributes to the understanding about the relationship between continuance intention and social network fatigue. The authors indicate that social network fatigue will not only directly weaken SNS users’ continuance intention, but also negatively influence the formation process of the continuance intention. Some other theoretical and practical implications are also provided.

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