A foodborne disease outbreak in man due to fish consumption possibly containing phycotoxins in Bombay, India

Foodborne disease outbreak investigations identify foods responsible for illnesses. However, it is not known the degree to which foods implicated in outbreaks reflect the distribution of food consumption in the U.S. population or the risk associated with their consumption. To examine this, we compared the distribution of foods in 24 categories implicated in outbreaks to the distribution of foods consumed by the U.S. population. Beef, chicken, eggs, fish, herbs, mollusks, pork, sprouts, seeded vegetables, and turkey were implicated in outbreaks significantly more often than expected based on the frequency of their consumption in the general population, suggesting a higher risk of contamination or mishandling from foods in these categories than in others. In contrast, pasteurized dairy, fruits, grains-beans, oils and sugars, and root/underground vegetables were less frequently implicated in outbreaks than they were consumed in the general population, suggesting a lower risk for these food categories.

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Incubation periods of enteric illnesses in foodborne outbreaks, United States, 1998–2013

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268819001651 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 147 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

S. J. Chai ◽

W. Gu ◽

K. A. O'Connor ◽

L. C. Richardson ◽

R. V. Tauxe

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Incubation Period ◽

Disease Outbreaks ◽

Disease Outbreak ◽

Outbreak Investigation ◽

Foodborne Disease ◽

Case Definitions ◽

Viral Pathogens ◽

Incubation Periods ◽

Foodborne Outbreaks

Abstract Early in a foodborne disease outbreak investigation, illness incubation periods can help focus case interviews, case definitions, clinical and environmental evaluations and predict an aetiology. Data describing incubation periods are limited. We examined foodborne disease outbreaks from laboratory-confirmed, single aetiology, enteric bacterial and viral pathogens reported to United States foodborne disease outbreak surveillance from 1998–2013. We grouped pathogens by clinical presentation and analysed the reported median incubation period among all illnesses from the implicated pathogen for each outbreak as the outbreak incubation period. Outbreaks from preformed bacterial toxins (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Clostridium perfringens) had the shortest outbreak incubation periods (4–10 h medians), distinct from that of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (17 h median). Norovirus, salmonella and shigella had longer but similar outbreak incubation periods (32–45 h medians); campylobacter and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli had the longest among bacteria (62–87 h medians); hepatitis A had the longest overall (672 h median). Our results can help guide diagnostic and investigative strategies early in an outbreak investigation to suggest or rule out specific etiologies or, when the pathogen is known, the likely timeframe for exposure. They also point to possible differences in pathogenesis among pathogens causing broadly similar syndromes.

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The Minnesota Program for Prevention of Foodborne Illness: An Evaluation

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-41.7.556 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 41 (7) ◽

pp. 556-558 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

THOMAS L. HEENAN ◽

OSCAR P. SNYDER

Keyword(s):

Quality Assurance ◽

Education Program ◽

Disease Outbreak ◽

Foodborne Illness ◽

Quality Assurance Program ◽

Foodborne Disease ◽

Course Content ◽

Illness Prevention ◽

Program Requirement

The Minnesota Quality Assurance Program for the Prevention of Foodborne Illness is a voluntarily attended, statewide education program to train foodservice owners. operators and managers in the methods of foodborne illness prevention. The education is conducted in 1-day seminars by trained sanitarians and foodservice personnel. It prepares the student to write a Quality Assurance (QA) program for his/her establishment to assure that there is no possibility of a foodborne disease outbreak. Certification is based on the approval of the Quality Assurance program. An evaluation after 9 months of operation indicates that most instructors performed adequately. Course content, including microbiological training, was well received. The QA written program requirement was supported by both instructors and students. Students strongly supported a recommendation that the QA document he mandatory for all foodservices and used as the basis for regulatory inspections.

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Foodborne Disease outbreak associated with eating Gaajar Halwa at a Wedding – Palghar District, Maharashtra, India, 2018

Indian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.4103/ijph.ijph_1099_20 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 65 (5) ◽

pp. 10

Author(s):

Vaishali Vardhan ◽

Tanzin Dikid ◽

Rajesh Yadav ◽

Ramakant Patil ◽

Pradip Awate ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Disease Outbreak ◽

Foodborne Disease

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Factors Contributing to Decline in Foodborne Disease Outbreak Reports, United States

Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽

10.3201/eid2009.140044 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 20 (9) ◽

pp. 1551-1553 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Maho Imanishi ◽

Karunya Manikonda ◽

Bhavini P. Murthy ◽

L. Hannah Gould

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Disease Outbreak ◽

Foodborne Disease

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Produce-associated foodborne disease outbreaks, USA, 1998–2013

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268818001620 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 146 (11) ◽

pp. 1397-1406 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

S. D. Bennett ◽

S. V. Sodha ◽

T. L. Ayers ◽

M. F. Lynch ◽

L. H. Gould ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Safety ◽

Shiga Toxin ◽

Surveillance System ◽

Disease Outbreaks ◽

Disease Outbreak ◽

Foodborne Disease ◽

Safety Measures ◽

Row Crops ◽

The Us ◽

Foodborne Outbreaks

AbstractThe US Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) gives food safety regulators increased authority to require implementation of safety measures to reduce the contamination of produce. To evaluate the future impact of FSMA on food safety, a better understanding is needed regarding outbreaks attributed to the consumption of raw produce. Data reported to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System during 1998–2013 were analysed. During 1998–2013, there were 972 raw produce outbreaks reported resulting in 34 674 outbreak-associated illnesses, 2315 hospitalisations, and 72 deaths. Overall, the total number of foodborne outbreaks reported decreased by 38% during the study period and the number of raw produce outbreaks decreased 19% during the same period; however, the percentage of outbreaks attributed to raw produce among outbreaks with a food reported increased from 8% during 1998–2001 to 16% during 2010–2013. Raw produce outbreaks were most commonly attributed to vegetable row crops (38% of outbreaks), fruits (35%) and seeded vegetables (11%). The most common aetiologic agents identified were norovirus (54% of outbreaks), Salmonella enterica (21%) and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (10%). Food-handling errors were reported in 39% of outbreaks. The proportion of all foodborne outbreaks attributable to raw produce has been increasing. Evaluation of safety measures to address the contamination on farms, during processing and food preparation, should take into account the trends occurring before FSMA implementation.

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Noninfectious Foodborne Exposures Reported to 2 National Reporting Systems, United States, 2000-2010

Public Health Reports ◽

10.1177/0033354919862690 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 134 (5) ◽

pp. 552-558

Author(s):

Royal Kai Yee Law ◽

Hannah Kisselburgh ◽

Douglas Roblin ◽

Ekta Choudhary ◽

Joshua Schier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

United States ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

The United States ◽

Disease Outbreak ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Poison Center ◽

Surveillance Systems ◽

Foodborne Disease ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression

Objectives: Foodborne disease is a pervasive problem caused by consuming food or drink contaminated by infectious or noninfectious agents. The 55 US poison centers receive telephone calls for advice on foodborne disease cases that may be related to a foodborne disease outbreak (FBDO). Our objective was to assess whether poison center call records uploaded to the National Poison Data System (NPDS) can be used for surveillance of noninfectious FBDOs in the United States. Methods: We matched NPDS records on noninfectious FBDO agents in the United States with records in the Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (FDOSS) for 2000-2010. We conducted multivariable logistic regression analysis comparing NPDS matched and unmatched records to assess features of NPDS records that may indicate a confirmed noninfectious FBDO. Results: During 2000-2010, FDOSS recorded 491 noninfectious FBDOs of known etiology and NPDS recorded 8773 calls for noninfectious foodborne disease exposures. Of 8773 NPDS calls, 469 (5.3%) were matched to a noninfectious FBDO reported to FDOSS. Multivariable logistic regression indicated severity of medical outcome, whether the call was made by a health care professional, and etiology as significant predictors of NPDS records matching an FDOSS noninfectious FBDO. Conclusions: NPDS may complement existing surveillance systems and response activities by providing timely information about single cases of foodborne diseases or about a known or emerging FBDO. Prioritizing NPDS records by certain call features could help guide public health departments in the types of noninfectious foodborne records that most warrant public health follow-up.

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