scholarly journals Factors Contributing to 50-ft Walking Speed and Observed Ethnic Differences in Older Community-Dwelling Mexican Americans and European Americans

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 871-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myla U. Quiben ◽  
Helen P. Hazuda
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Functional Health ◽  
European Americans

Background Mexican Americans comprise the most rapidly growing segment of the older US population and are reported to have poorer functional health than European Americans, but few studies have examined factors contributing to ethnic differences in walking speed between Mexican Americans and European Americans. Objective The purpose of this study was to examine factors that contribute to walking speed and observed ethnic differences in walking speed in older Mexican Americans and European Americans using the disablement process model (DPM) as a guide. Design This was an observational, cross-sectional study. Methods Participants were 703 Mexican American and European American older adults (aged 65 years and older) who completed the baseline examination of the San Antonio Longitudinal Study of Aging (SALSA). Hierarchical regression models were performed to identify the contribution of contextual, lifestyle/anthropometric, disease, and impairment variables to walking speed and to ethnic differences in walking speed. Results The ethic difference in unadjusted mean walking speed (Mexican Americans=1.17 m/s, European Americans=1.29 m/s) was fully explained by adjustment for contextual (ie, age, sex, education, income) and lifestyle/anthropometric (ie, body mass index, height, physical activity) variables; adjusted mean walking speed in both ethnic groups was 1.23 m/s. Contextual variables explained 20.3% of the variance in walking speed, and lifestyle/anthropometric variables explained an additional 8.4%. Diseases (ie, diabetes, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) explained an additional 1.9% of the variance in walking speed; impairments (ie, FEV1, upper leg pain, and lower extremity strength and range of motion) contributed an additional 5.5%. Thus, both nonmodifiable (ie, contextual, height) and modifiable (ie, impairments, body mass index, physical activity) factors contributed to walking speed in older Mexican Americans and European Americans. Limitations The study was conducted in a single geographic area and included only Mexican American Hispanic individuals. Conclusions Walking speed in older Mexican Americans and European Americans is influenced by modifiable and nonmodifiable factors, underscoring the importance of the DPM framework, which incorporates both factors into the physical therapist patient/client management process.

scholarly journals Body Mass Index and Frailty Among Older Mexican Americans: Findings From an 18-year of Follow-up

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 820-820
Author(s):  
Megan Rutherford ◽  
Brian Downer ◽  
Chih-Ying Li ◽  
Soham Al Snih
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Weight Category ◽  
Over Time

Abstract The objective of this study was to examine body mass index (BMI) as predictor of frailty among non-frail Mexican American older adults at baseline. Data are from an 18-year prospective cohort of 1,647 non-institutionalized Mexican American aged ≥ 67 years from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (1995/1996-2012/13). BMI (Kg/m2) was grouped according to the National Institutes of Health obesity standards (<18.5=underweight, 18.5–24.9=normal weight, 25.0–29.9=overweight, 30.0–34.9=obesity category I and ≥ 35=obesity category II and extreme obesity). Frailty was defined as meeting three or more of the following: unintentional weight loss of >10 pounds, weakness, self-reported exhaustion, low physical activity, and slow walking speed. Covariates included socio-demographics, comorbidities, cognitive function, depressive symptoms, and limitations in activities of daily living (ADL). General Estimating Equations were performed to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of frailty as a function of BMI categories. All variables were analyzed as time varying except for gender and education. Participants in the underweight or obesity type II / morbidity obesity category had increased OR of frailty over time than those in the normal weight category (2.68, 95% CI=1.46-4.9 vs.1.55, 95% CI=1.02-2.35, respectively) after controlling for all covariates. Those who reported arthritis, hip fracture, depressive symptoms, or ADL disability had increased odds of frailty over time. This study showed a U-shaped relationship between BMI and frailty over an 18-year period of follow-up which has implications for maintaining a healthy weight to prevent frailty in this population.

Personal, Social, and Environmental Correlates of Physical Activity in a Bi-Ethnic Sample of Adolescents

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles F. Morgan ◽  
Thomas L. McKenzie ◽  
James F. Sallis ◽  
Shelia L. Broyles ◽  
Michelle M. Zive ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
European American ◽  
Psychosocial Variables ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Environmental Correlates ◽  
Variance Explained

We examined associations of demographic/biological, psychological, social, and environmental variables with two different measures (self-reported and accelerometer) of physical activity (PA) in Mexican-American (56 boys; 64 girls) and European-American (49 boys; 45 girls) children (mean age = 12.1 years). Among 32 potential correlates, 4 gender and 16 ethnic differences were found. Percent of variance explained from 3% to 24% for self-reported PA and from 7% to 16% for accelerometer-measured PA. Physical self-perception was the only variable with a significant association across all subgroups and both measures. Less favorable levels of psychosocial variables among Mexican-Americans may explain ethnic differences in PA.

Body Mass Index And Physical Activity As Predictors Of All-cause Mortality In White, Black, And Mexican American Men

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 418
Author(s):  
Carlos J. Crespo ◽  
Christopher M. Torres ◽  
Ross E. Andersen ◽  
Ellen Smit ◽  
Gloria Diaz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
All Cause Mortality

10: Ethnic Differences and Urinary Incontinence in Older, Community-Dwelling Mexican Americans and European Americans

2005 ◽  
Vol 173 (4S) ◽  
pp. 3-3
Author(s):  
Alayne D. Markland ◽  
Meghan B. Gerety ◽  
Stephen R. Kraus ◽  
John Cornell ◽  
Helen P. Hazuda
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
European Americans

scholarly journals Components of Diet Quality Explain the Association between Acculturation and Increased Body Mass Index in Mexican Americans

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilin Yoshida ◽  
Richard Scribner ◽  
Liwei Chen ◽  
Stephanie Broyles ◽  
Stephen Phillippi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Significant Mediator

Background and Objectives: Acculturation is associated with excessive weight gain among immigrants to the U.S. Whether dietary factors mediate this association is unclear. This study aimed to examine whether overall diet quality or specific component(s) of diet quality mediate the association between acculturation and Body Mass Index (BMI) among Mexican American (MA) men and women. Material and Methods: This is a secondary data analysis using dietary intake data from 24-hour dietary recalls, measured height and weight, and self-reported acculturation from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles 1999-2000 to 2011-2012. A total of 6848 MA adults (≥20 yrs) with reliable dietary recall status and body measures were included in the study. Path analyses was performed in Mplus with complex survey design effects adjusted. Results: HEI components of whole grains and sodium were found to play meditating roles in the acculturation-BMI association, and their effects on BMI were opposing [indirect effect were -0.01 (SE 0.00) and 0.02 (0.01), respectively]. In gender-specific analysis, sodium [0.01 (0.00)] was a significant mediator only in MA men; whereas, whole grains [-0.01 (0.00)] was a significant mediator only in MA women. Conclusions: HEI components of whole grains and sodium appeared to be significant dietary mediators in the acculturation-BMI association. Understanding the variations of dietary components and their relationship with acculturation as well as BMI is useful for developing dietary interventions and obesity reduction.

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