scholarly journals Body Mass Index and Frailty Among Older Mexican Americans: Findings From an 18-year of Follow-up

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 820-820
Author(s):  
Megan Rutherford ◽  
Brian Downer ◽  
Chih-Ying Li ◽  
Soham Al Snih
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Weight Category ◽  
Over Time

Abstract The objective of this study was to examine body mass index (BMI) as predictor of frailty among non-frail Mexican American older adults at baseline. Data are from an 18-year prospective cohort of 1,647 non-institutionalized Mexican American aged ≥ 67 years from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (1995/1996-2012/13). BMI (Kg/m2) was grouped according to the National Institutes of Health obesity standards (<18.5=underweight, 18.5–24.9=normal weight, 25.0–29.9=overweight, 30.0–34.9=obesity category I and ≥ 35=obesity category II and extreme obesity). Frailty was defined as meeting three or more of the following: unintentional weight loss of >10 pounds, weakness, self-reported exhaustion, low physical activity, and slow walking speed. Covariates included socio-demographics, comorbidities, cognitive function, depressive symptoms, and limitations in activities of daily living (ADL). General Estimating Equations were performed to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of frailty as a function of BMI categories. All variables were analyzed as time varying except for gender and education. Participants in the underweight or obesity type II / morbidity obesity category had increased OR of frailty over time than those in the normal weight category (2.68, 95% CI=1.46-4.9 vs.1.55, 95% CI=1.02-2.35, respectively) after controlling for all covariates. Those who reported arthritis, hip fracture, depressive symptoms, or ADL disability had increased odds of frailty over time. This study showed a U-shaped relationship between BMI and frailty over an 18-year period of follow-up which has implications for maintaining a healthy weight to prevent frailty in this population.

scholarly journals The association between body mass index and recovery from post-traumatic stress disorder after the nuclear accident in Fukushima

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Nagai ◽  
Tetsuya Ohira ◽  
Masaharu Maeda ◽  
Seiji Yasumura ◽  
Itaru Miura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Error Variance ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

AbstractPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and obesity share common risk factors; however, the effect of obesity on recovery from PTSD has not been assessed. We examined the association between body mass index (BMI) and recovery from PTSD after the Great East Japan Earthquake. We analyzed 4356 men and women with probable PTSD aged ≥ 16 years who were living in evacuation zones owing to the radiation accident in Fukushima, Japan. Recovery from probable PTSD was defined as Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-specific scores < 44. Using Poisson regression with robust error variance adjusted for confounders, we compared the prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for this outcome in 2013 and 2014. Compared with point estimates for normal weight (BMI: 18.5–24.9 kg/m2), especially in 2013, those for underweight (BMI: < 18.5 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI: ≥ 30.0 kg/m2) tended to slightly increase and decrease, respectively, for recovery from probable PTSD. The multivariate-adjusted PRs (95% CIs) for underweight and obesity were 1.08 (0.88–1.33) and 0.85 (0.68–1.06), respectively, in 2013 and 1.02 (0.82–1.26) and 0.87 (0.69–1.09), respectively, in 2014. The results of the present study showed that obesity may be a useful predictor for probable PTSD recovery. Obese victims with PTSD would require more intensive support and careful follow-up for recovery.

scholarly journals Challenging the “jolly fat” hypothesis among older adults: High body mass index predicts increases in depressive symptoms over a 5-year period

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Joseph Dearborn ◽  
Michael A Robbins ◽  
Merrill F Elias
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Objectively Measured

Several investigators have observed lowered risk of depression among obese older adults, coining the “jolly fat” hypothesis. We examined this hypothesis using baseline and a 5-year follow-up body mass index, depressive symptoms, and covariates from 638 community-based older adults. High objectively measured body mass index and functional limitations predicted increased future depressive symptoms. However, symptoms did not predict future body mass index. Self-reported body mass index showed similar associations despite underestimating obesity prevalence. Results did not differ on the basis of gender. Results for this study, the first longitudinal reciprocal risk analysis between objectively measured body mass index and depressive symptoms among older adults, do not support the “jolly fat” hypothesis.

scholarly journals Higher body mass index is not a risk factor for in-hospital adverse outcomes following total knee arthroplasty

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 230949901880242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usha Gurunathan ◽  
Aaron Pym ◽  
Cameron Anderson ◽  
Amanda Marshall ◽  
Sarah L Whitehouse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cardiac Complications ◽  
Weight Category ◽  
Obese Class ◽  
Total Knee

Purpose: To investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and perioperative complications until hospital discharge, following primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods: This retrospective study reviewed 1665 cases of elective primary unilateral TKA performed between 2006 and 2010, from a prospective secure electronic database. Types of complications, length of operating time, and duration of hospital stay were analyzed in both adjusted (for known confounders) and unadjusted analyses. A further matched analysis was also performed. Results: In terms of overall complications, there was no statistically significant difference between the BMI categories. When individual obesity category was considered, obese 2 had the lowest odds of developing complications, both with unadjusted (odds ratio (OR): 0.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.41–0.91, p < 0.015) and adjusted regression analysis (OR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.43–0.99, p = 0.044). Compared to normal weight category, obese class 3 (≥40 kg/m2) individuals were at 66% (OR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.21–0.55) lower (unadjusted) odds of developing cardiac complications (overall p < 0.001). With the matched analysis, compared to normal weight category, obese class 3 (≥40 kg/m2) individuals were at a 60% (OR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.23–0.68) lower (unadjusted) odds of developing cardiac complications (overall p = 0.004). Obese 3 patients had significantly higher operating time compared with other groups ( p < 0.001). Conclusion: This study did not find a significant association between BMI and increased overall in-hospital medical or surgical complications following primary TKA. Obesity significantly increased the length of operating time.

scholarly journals Longitudinal associations between depressive symptoms and body mass index in a 20-year follow-up

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 668-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Konttinen ◽  
O Kiviruusu ◽  
T Huurre ◽  
A Haukkala ◽  
H Aro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Longitudinal Associations

Long-term effects of GnRH agonist treatment on body mass index in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dogus Vuralli ◽  
Zeynep Alev Ozon ◽  
Elmas Nazli Gonc ◽  
Ayfer Alikasifoglu ◽  
Nurgun Kandemir
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Precocious Puberty ◽  
Standard Deviation Score ◽  
Central Precocious Puberty ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Idiopathic Central Precocious Puberty

AbstractIntroductionStudies evaluating effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) on weight and body-mass-index (BMI) in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty (iCPP) include short-term effects. The aim of this study is to investigate changes in BMI during and 2 years after completion of GnRHa to determine the factors that may impact BMI in girls with iCPP.MethodsMedical files of 138 girls who completed GnRHa were evaluated. All patients had weight and height measurements at the beginning and end of treatment, and 111 patients had anthropometric measurements 2 years after the completion of treatment.ResultsIn the beginning, 82 (59.4%) had normal weight (NW), 42 (30.4%) were overweight (OW), and 14 (10.2%) were obese (OB). Analysis of BMI-standard deviation score (SDS) in the whole group showed an overall increase during GnRHa treatment (0.92 ± 0.74 vs. 1.20 ± 0.51, p < 0.001). Changes in BMI-SDS (ΔBMI-SDS) during GnRHa differed between NW and OW/OB (0.45 ± 0.31 vs. 0.03 ± 0.20, p < 0.001). BMI-SDSs of both groups returned to baseline scores (or initial levels) 2 years after the completion of treatment. Two factors affecting ΔBMI-SDS in multiple linear regression analyses were baseline BMI and Δheight-SDS, both correlated negatively with ΔBMI-SDS.ConclusionsThe present study is one of the studies evaluating BMI change over a long period of time in girls with CPP. Although BMI-SDS increased during GnRHa in NW girls, it was reversible in follow-up after treatment. However, BMI-SDS did not change during and in follow-up in OW/OB girls. Conserving BMI-SDS in OW/OB girls may be related to the fact that weight management programs were recommended for these patients. Dietary recommendations should be provided for children with NW who undergo GnRHa, as is the case for OW patients.

scholarly journals Body mass index and mortality in relation to age and follow-up of 30 years in large Austrian cohorts

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
G Nagel ◽  
R S Peter ◽  
B Föger ◽  
H Concin
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Generalized Additive Models ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Calendar Time ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Obesity and its health consequences will dominate health care systems in many countries during the next decades. Prevention programs have been implemented. However, the optimum body mass index (BMI) in relation to all-cause mortality on population level is still a matter of debate. Material and Method Data 1/1989-6/2005 of the Vorarlberg Health Monitoring & Prevention Program (VHM&PP,) and 8/2005-12/2015 for Vorarlberg provided by the Main Association of Austrian Social Security Institutions were analyzed. In both cohorts, information was available on age, sex, measured height and weight as well as the date and cause of death. Generalized additive models were used to model the mortality rate as function of calendar time, age and follow-up. Results The VHM&PP cohort consisted of 85,488 men and 99,873 women and the later of 129,817 men and 152,399 women. In the second cohort, men (mean age 48 (SD16.9) vs. 45.3 (SD 15.5) and women (48.3 (SD 17.7) vs. 45.6 (SD 16.6) years) were slightly older than in the VHM&PP cohort. The average BMI was slightly higher in men (26.1 (SD4.0) vs. 25.7 (SD3.8) kg/m2) but not in women (24.6 (SD 4.8) vs. 24.7 (SD 4.9) kg/m2), respectively. In the VHM&PP cohort more ever smokers were found in both men (40.3 vs. 22.4%) and women (24.8 vs. 18.4%) than in the subsequent cohort. BMI optimum increased slightly between 1985 and 2015, from 24.9 (95%-CI: 24.0-25.9) to 26.4 (25.3-27.3) in men and from 22.4 (21.8-23.1) to 23.3 (22.5-24.5) kg/m2 in women. However, age and follow-up had major impact on the increase. In younger age the associations are quite stable, while in men over 50 years and in women over 60 years the BMI optimum decreased with length of follow-up. Conclusions Overall the BMI optimum increased slightly over time. However, age and follow-up had major impact on the association. These results suggest, that prognosis of obesity related diseases has improved over time. To detangle this further research is necessary. Key messages In Austria the BMI optimum increased slightly over time. Age and follow-up time had major impact on the association.

scholarly journals Obesity, Aspirin, and Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Carriers of Hereditary Colorectal Cancer: A Prospective Investigation in the CAPP2 Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (31) ◽  
pp. 3591-3597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Movahedi ◽  
D. Timothy Bishop ◽  
Finlay Macrae ◽  
Jukka-Pekka Mecklin ◽  
Gabriela Moeslein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Msh6 Mutation

Purpose In the general population, increased adiposity is a significant risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC), but whether obesity has similar effects in those with hereditary CRC is uncertain. This prospective study investigated the association between body mass index and cancer risk in patients with Lynch syndrome (LS). Patients and Methods Participants with LS were recruited to the CAPP2 study, in which they were randomly assigned to receive aspirin 600 mg per day or aspirin placebo, plus resistant starch 30 g per day or starch placebo (2 × 2 factorial design). Mean intervention period was 25.0 months, and mean follow-up was 55.7 months. Results During follow-up, 55 of 937 participants developed CRC. For obese participants, CRC risk was 2.41× (95% CI, 1.22 to 4.85) greater than for underweight and normal-weight participants (reference group), and CRC risk increased by 7% for each 1-kg/m2 increase in body mass index. The risk of all LS-related cancers in obese people was 1.77× (95% CI, 1.06 to 2.96; P = .03) greater than for the reference group. In subgroup analysis, obesity was associated with 3.72× (95% CI, 1.41 to 9.81) greater CRC risk in patients with LS with MLH1 mutation, but no excess risk was observed in those with MSH2 or MSH6 mutation (P = .5). The obesity-related excess CRC risk was confined to those randomly assigned to the aspirin placebo group (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.75; 95% CI, 1.12 to 6.79; P = .03). Conclusion Obesity is associated with substantially increased CRC risk in patients with LS, but this risk is abrogated in those taking aspirin. Such patients are likely to benefit from obesity prevention and/or regular aspirin.

scholarly journals Impact of High Pre-Pregnancy Body Mass Index on Pregnancy Outcome Among Women Residing in Urban North-West Delhi, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 708-708
Author(s):  
Priyanka Arora ◽  
Bani Tamber Aeri
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Weight Category ◽  
North West ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Overweight ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives There is emerging evidence regarding the association of maternal overweight/obesity with an array of pregnancy-related complications and adverse pregnancy outcome. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of higher pre- pregnancy body mass index (BMI) on pregnancy outcomes of women belonging to the upper socio-economic strata of North West Delhi. Methods An observational longitudinal study was conducted among 312 pregnant women attending the private antenatal clinics in North-West, Delhi, India during July 2018 to March 2020. Only women with pre-pregnancy BMI: &gt;18.5kg/m2 who belonged to upper socio-economic strata and with confirmed singleton pregnancies were included in study. All the eligible subjects were enrolled at ≤ 16th week of their pregnancies and further stratified on basis of pre-pregnancy BMI criteria for the Asian-Indians,2009 i.e.,: normal weight;18.5–22.9kg/m2 (n:90), overweight; 23–24.9 kg/m2 (n = 90) and obese; ≥25 kg/m2 (n = 132). The primary outcome of study was macrosomia (birth weight: &gt;3.5kg). Secondary outcomes were gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), hypothyroid, pre-eclampsia (PE), pre-term birth (PTB), cesarean section (CS), neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, miscarriage and still birth. Mixed and fixed-effects logistic regression analysis was performed with normal weight category women as a reference group. Results Incidence of adverse pregnancy outcome increased as pre-pregnancy BMI increases. Obese and overweight women had greater risk of undergoing CS (OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.9–1.05) and delivering a macrosomic neonate (OR = 2.36, 95% CI: 0.38–14.81 and OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.18–5.82) than normal weight women. Neonates of obese (OR: 1.30, 95%, CI:0.67–2.52) and overweight (OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 0.67–2.66) women had a higher risk of NICU admissions. Conclusions Data indicated detrimental effect of higher pre-pregnancy BMI for both mother and as well as the neonate. It would be prudent to strive for normal pre-pregnancy BMI to reduce the likelihood of adverse pregnancy outcome and lay a healthy foundation for an offspring. Funding Sources The financial assistance for present study was provided by the University Grant Commission (UGC), Government of India, under Junior/Senior Fellow Scheme.

Fitness and Fatness: Body Mass Index versus Percent Body Fat

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 131-137
Author(s):  
Jennifer Bunn ◽  
Danielle Eustace ◽  
Taylor Miskech ◽  
John Manor ◽  
Michael Jiroutek
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
The United States ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Weight Category ◽  
Health And Nutrition

ABSTRACT Background: Body mass index (BMI) is frequently used to evaluate risk of disease, but can be misleading because it does not account for different types of tissue mass (e.g., bone, muscle, fat). The purpose of this study was to classify adults in the United States according to cardiovascular fitness (CVF), BMI, and body fat using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data. Methods: The three most current NHANES datasets (6,648 records) were included. Counts, means, and 95% confidence intervals (CI) determined the distribution of CVF across percent of body fat and BMI categories. Results: According to BMI, approximately 42.3% of participants were classified as either underweight or normal weight, and 24.9% were classified as obese. According to percent of body fat, 13.5% of subjects were classified as lean, while 68.4% of subjects were in the high percent body fat group. In regard to BMI, 9.9% and 6.7% of the overweight and obese populations, respectively, were classified in the highest third of CVF. According to adiposity, 6.6% and 21.0% of the moderate and high percent body fat population fell into the same category, respectively. Conclusion: Two-thirds of the population ranked below the 35th percentile for body fat (high percent body fat), with more of these individuals in the low CVF category than any other. The largest categorization for BMI was the normal-weight category. This supports that BMI may be misleading, and that utilizing percent body fat and CVF may provide a better indication of health.

Association of body mass index changes from childhood to adulthood with dyslipidemia in adults: Hanzhong adolescent cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue-Yuan Liao ◽  
Chao Chu ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Wen-Ling Zheng ◽  
Qiong Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Control ◽  
Early Weight Loss

Abstract Background Dyslipidemia is a disorder of lipid metabolism and associated with insulin resistance. The relationship between longitudinal body mass index (BMI) changes from childhood to adulthood and long-term dyslipidemia was explored in this study. Methods We assessed the longitudinal relationship between BMI changes since childhood and dyslipidemia among 1738 participants in rural areas of Hanzhong City, Shaanxi. All participants were initially examined between the ages of 6 and 15 years in 1987 and were reexamined in 1995, 2013 and 2017; the total follow-up duration was 30 years. Anthropometric measurements and blood biochemistry indexes were measured. Results We found that gradual progression of normal weight to overweight (OR = 1.65; 95% CI = 1.27, 2.15) or persistent overweight (OR = 2.45; 95% CI = 1.52, 3.96) from childhood to adulthood was associated with an increased risk of dyslipidemia in adulthood. And these risks were largely disappeared if the overweight or obesity during childhood was resolved by adulthood. The higher the BMI in adulthood and the younger the age at which overweight begins, the higher the risk of dyslipidemia. Conclusions Early weight loss and any degree of weight loss from childhood to adulthood can help improve dyslipidemia in adulthood. We further emphasize the importance of weight management and control in public health primary prevention.

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