Challenges and Solutions for Conductor Sharing Technology with Higher Specification Conductor to Meet Target Fatigue Life

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guan Han Khor ◽  
Ezuan Hanafi Razali ◽  
M. Idham Musa ◽  
Saifol Anuar Mat Isa ◽  
Wan Helmi Wan Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
S Phase ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
Well Design ◽  
Design And Manufacture ◽  
Improved Technology ◽  
Design And Construction

Abstract Since Conductor Sharing Technology became prominent in the 1990s, the technology has evolved to accommodate the associated well design and construction complexities. In the redevelopment of Brownfield "S", under an alliance between PETRONAS Carigali and other operator, the technology has enabled the number of potential new wells to be increased. However, the technology has been constrained in terms of the available conductor and casing size options. The objective is to advance the current technology to meet the well design and construction requirements. This paper presents the challenges and solutions for conductor sharing technology to accommodate a higher specification conductor (36"×1.5" wall thickness), which is required to meet the fatigue life requirement in Field "S" Phase 3 redevelopment project. Since mid-2018, when PETRONAS took over the operatorship, further conductor analyses have been required. These studies confirmed the requirement for 36" conductor with 1.5" wall thickness, to meet the target fatigue life of 20 years. This paper focuses on a range of key engineering considerations related to well construction including geometrical separation, integration between CWD (casing while drilling) and directional, cementing, and diverter requirement to CWD surface casing. Since there is no existing system that can accommodate this wall thickness and still be able to meet the well construction requirements, a collaboration with the equipment provider has led to the design and manufacture of the world's first splitter wellhead system used for 36" (1.5" WT) × 13-3/8"(2X) × 9-5/8"(2X) × 3-1/2"(4X) with 10,000 psi working pressure rating. The splitter wellhead has allowed two infill wells to be drilled and completed on Platform "A". The system has maximized oil recovery with the additional well. The successful installation and production from this wellhead provide opportunity to reduce construction cost and maximize utilization of existing well slots for future development of brown fields. The improved technology has created more value by allowing surface casing to be installed by CWD in directional sections and the cementing program to be enhanced under diverter system. This solution will be beneficial to similar brown fields which have limited remaining slots and where it is unjustifiable to construct a new platform. In addition, it provides opportunity to lower the wellhead platform cost for green fields by optimizing the number of well slots and platform design.

scholarly journals An Optimum Fatigue Design of Polymer Composite Compressed Natural Gas Tank Using Hybrid Finite Element-Response Surface Methods

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 483
Author(s):  
Kazem Reza Kashyzadeh ◽  
Seyed Saeid Rahimian Koloor ◽  
Mostafa Omidi Bidgoli ◽  
Michal Petrů ◽  
Alireza Amiri Asfarjani
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Composite Shell ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Fiber Angle ◽  
Composite Tank

The main purpose of this research is to design a high-fatigue performance hoop wrapped compressed natural gas (CNG) composite cylinder. To this end, an optimization algorithm was presented as a combination of finite element simulation (FES) and response surface analysis (RSA). The geometrical model was prepared as a variable wall-thickness following the experimental measurements. Next, transient dynamic analysis was performed subjected to the refueling process, including the minimum and maximum internal pressures of 20 and 200 bar, respectively. The time histories of stress tensor components were extracted in the critical region. Furthermore, RSA was utilized to investigate the interaction effects of various polymer composite shell manufacturing process parameters (thickness and fiber angle) on the fatigue life of polymer composite CNG pressure tank (type-4). In the optimization procedure, four parameters including wall-thickness of the composite shell in three different sections of the CNG tank and fiber angle were considered as input variables. In addition, the maximum principal stress of the component was considered as the objective function. Eventually, the fatigue life of the polymer composite tank was calculated using stress-based failure criterion. The results indicated that the proposed new design (applying optimal parameters) leads to improve the fatigue life of the polymer composite tank with polyethylene liner about 2.4 times in comparison with the initial design.

FEM Simulation of Swelling Elastomer Seals in Downhole Applications

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maaz Akhtar ◽  
Sayyad Zahid Qamar ◽  
Tasneem Pervez ◽  
Farooq Khalfan Al-Jahwari
Keyword(s):  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Fem Simulation ◽  
Petroleum Exploration ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Well Design ◽  
Sealing Pressure ◽  
Water Swelling

Petroleum exploration and development industry is witnessing a rapid growth in the use of swelling elastomers. They are being used in new applications aimed at enhanced oil recovery through slimming of well design, zonal isolation, water shutoff, etc. Initially developed as a problem-solving strategy (for repair of damaged or deteriorating wells), swelling elastomers are now targeting major savings in cost and time through reduction in borehole diameter, reduced casing clearance, cementless completions, etc. Due to material and geometric nonlinearity, modeling and simulation of swelling elastomer applications becomes quite complex. In this work, finite element simulation has been carried out to study swelling elastomer seal performance in downhole petroleum applications using the software ABAQUS. A hyperelastic model (that most closely resembles swelling elastomer behavior) is used for simulation of seal behavior. A series of experiments have been designed and performed to determine necessary material properties of a water-swelling elastomer as it gradually swells when exposed to saline water of two different concentrations at 50°C (to emulate field conditions of medium-depth oil wells). A large number of simulations are carried out to investigate sealing behavior against water salinity and swelling time. Sealing pressure at the contact surface between elastomer and formation (or outer casing) is studied for variations in seal length, seal thickness, compression ratio, water salinity, and swelling period. Results show that seal contact pressure increases with amount of swelling, seal length, and compression ratio; higher salinity environment results in lower sealing pressure; and more contact pressure is generated in the case of rock formation as compared to steel outer casing.

Optimized Operations and Integrity Management Through Instrumentation

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Jenkins ◽  
Trond Pytte ◽  
Harald Holden ◽  
Ignacio Marre ◽  
Jo Espen Rønningen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Wave Height ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Weather Forecasting ◽  
Fatigue Loading ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
The North ◽  
Operating Limits

During drilling and well intervention (DWI) operations today operating limits are normally given as limiting wave height, and sometimes wave periods. The resulting diagrams are often not directly comparable with weather information received on the rig and the final decisions are often based on subjective assessment of wave height and period. The paper will present how BP, on the newly developed Skarv field in the Norwegian Sea, through thorough planning in the engineering phase has implemented a system where operating limits are specified based on directly measurable parameters such as rig heave and upper and lower flexjoint angles. How weather forecasting can be translated to give the rig crew direct forecasting of the limiting vessel or riser responses (e.g. flexjoint angles or heave), will also be presented. It will be shown how this allows for improved operational planning and support from onshore. Over the last years requirements for oil companies to be able to document the structural integrity of their subsea assets, including wells, has increased. On the Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS) there has been a particular focus on fatigue loading in the wellhead structure, including the upper sections of casing and conductor, due to loads induced by the riser and BOP during DWI operations. There have been cases where the design fatigue life of a wellhead system limits the number of days one can perform operations with a rig on a given well. This in term affects future oil recovery rates as the well fatigue life may not be sufficient to allow for side step drilling or intervention work required to maintain an optimal production from the well. The paper continues to present how BP on the Skarv field, stores and utilizes the measured lower flexjoint response to track and document well integrity. It will be demonstrated how the return on investment of a drilled well can be improved by documenting actual fatigue loading from each operation on a well compared to conservative design calculations. BP has addressed the above issues in a way that is likely to set a new standard for drilling and intervention operations in the North Sea in the future. 4Subsea AS has provided the engineering and instrumentation services that formed the basis for this paper.

Effects of Hydroforming Process on Fatigue Life of Reinforced S-Shaped Bellows

2019 ◽  
Vol 795 ◽  
pp. 296-303
Author(s):  
Zhe Yuan ◽  
Shi Hui Huo ◽  
Jian Ting Ren
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Plastic Strain ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Weak Part ◽  
Metal Bellows ◽  
Hydroforming Process ◽  
Fatigue Life Analysis

Reinforced s-shaped bellows, which can withstand high pressure, is a kind of typical reinforced metal bellows. The reinforced s-shaped bellows mainly uses the hydroforming process, and the forming process is a severe plastic deformation process. The hydroforming process and its effects on the fatigue life of reinforced s-shaped bellows were discussed in the present study. Different levels of plastic strain and wall thickness thinning were detected in the hydroforming process. The maximum plastic strain can reached 32%, while the maximum wall thickness thinning ratio is 20%, which occurs on the wave peak. Mechanical characteristics of reinforced s-shaped bellows were discussed considering the effects of hydroforming process. The maximum stress appears on the upper and lower ends, which is the weak part of the structure. Fatigue life of the reinforced s-shaped bellows was analyzed based on the modified Manson-Coffin method. Mechanical properties of related materials, which can be more accurate consideration the effects of hydroforming process, were tested under the pre-plastic deformation. Fatigue life analysis of reinforced s-shaped bellows was carried out and the effects of hydroforming process were discussed. The hydroforming process will lead to a decline in fatigue life, which needs to be considered well in the structural design and analysis. Keywords: Reinforced s-shaped bellows, Hydroforming process, Fatigue life, Mechanical characteristics.

scholarly journals P.025 APOLLO, a phase 3 study of patisiran for the treatment of hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (hATTR): 18-month safety and efficacy in subgroup with cardiac involvement

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (s1) ◽  
pp. S20
Author(s):  
J Vest ◽  
S Solomon ◽  
D Adams ◽  
A Gonzalez-Duarte ◽  
W O’Riordan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Global Longitudinal Strain ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Transthyretin Amyloidosis ◽  
End Diastolic Volume ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
And Function ◽  
Cardiac Manifestations

Background: Hereditary transthyretin-mediated (hATTR) amyloidosis a hereditary, multi-systemic and life-threatening disease resulting in neuropathy and cardiomyopathy. In the APOLLO study, patisiran, an investigational RNAi therapeutic targeting hepatic TTR production resulted in significant improvement in neuropathy and QoL compared to placebo and was generally well tolerated. Methods: APOLLO, a Phase 3 study of patisiran vs. placebo (NCT01960348) prespecified a cardiac subpopulation (n=126 of 225 total) that included patients with baseline left ventricular (LV) wall thickness ≥ 13mm and no medical history of aortic valve disease or hypertension. Cardiac measures included structure and function by electrocardiography, changes in NT-proBNP and 10-MWT gait speed. Results: At 18 months, patisiran treatment resulted in a mean reduction in LV wall thickness of 1 mm (p=0.017) compared to baseline, which was associated with significant improvements relative to placebo in LV end diastolic volume (+8.31 mL, p=0.036), global longitudinal strain (-1.37%, p=0.015) and NT-proBNP (55% reduction, p=7.7 x 10-8) (Figure 1). Gait speed was also improved relative to placebo (+0.35 m/sec, p=7.4 x 10-9). Rate of death or hospitalization was lower with patisiran. mNIS+7 results in the cardiac subpopulation will also be presented. Conclusions: These data suggest patisiran has the potential to halt or reverse cardiac manifestations of hATTR amyloidosis.

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