Physiological changes in rumen fermentation during acidosis induction and its control using a multivalent polyclonal antibody preparation in heifers

2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 1722-1730 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Blanch ◽  
S. Calsamiglia ◽  
N. DiLorenzo ◽  
A. DiCostanzo ◽  
S. Muetzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyclonal Antibody ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Antibody Preparation

scholarly journals Evaluation of liquid and powdered forms of polyclonal antibody preparation against Streptococcus bovis and Fusobacterium necrophorum in cattle adapted or not adapted to highly fermentable carbohydrate diets

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-84
Author(s):  
Eduardo Cuellar Orlandi Cassiano ◽  
Flavio Perna Junior ◽  
Tarley Araújo Barros ◽  
Carolina Tobias Marino ◽  
Rodrigo Dias Lauritano Pacheco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyclonal Antibody ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Fusobacterium Necrophorum ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Streptococcus Bovis ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Antibody Preparation ◽  
Rumen Acidosis

Objective: Feed additives that modify rumen fermentation can be used to prevent metabolic disturbances such as acidosis and optimize beef cattle production. The study evaluated the effects of liquid and powdered forms of polyclonal antibody preparation (PAP) against <i>Streptococcus bovis</i> and Fusobacterium necrophorum on rumen fermentation parameters in ruminally cannulated non-lactating dairy cows that were adapted or unadapted to a high concentrate diet.Methods: A double 3×3 Latin square design was used with three PAP treatments (control, powdered, and liquid PAP) and two adaptation protocols (adapted, unadapted; applied to the square). Adapted animals were transitioned for 2 weeks from an all-forage to an 80% concentrate diet, while unadapted animals were switched abruptly.Results: Interactions between sampling time and adaptation were observed; 12 h after feeding, the adapted group had lower ruminal pH and greater total short chain fatty acid concentrations than the unadapted group, while the opposite was observed after 24 h. Acetate:propionate ratio, molar proportion of butyrate and ammonia nitrogen concentration were generally greater in adapted than unadapted cattle up to 36 h after feeding. Adaptation promoted 3.5 times the number of <i>Entodinium</i> protozoa but copy numbers of <i>Streptococcus bovis</i> and Fibrobacter succinogens genes in rumen fluid were not affected. However, neither liquid nor powdered forms of PAP altered rumen acidosis variables in adapted or unadapted animals.Conclusion: Adaptation of cattle to highly fermentable carbohydrate diets promoted a more stable ruminal environment, but PAP was not effective in this study in which no animal experienced acute or sub-acute rumen acidosis.

scholarly journals 116 Polyclonal antibody preparations from avian origin improves growth performance of beef cattle during the first fourteen days of the backgrounding phase

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 51-51
Author(s):  
Gleise Medeiros da Silva ◽  
Federico Podversich ◽  
Tessa Schulmeister ◽  
Ana C G Luna ◽  
Gonzalo Barreneche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Polyclonal Antibody ◽  
Fusobacterium Necrophorum ◽  
Streptococcus Bovis ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Antibody Preparation ◽  
Orthogonal Contrasts ◽  
Avian Origin ◽  
Antibody Preparations

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effects of feeding avian-derived polyclonal antibody preparation (PAP; CAMAS, Inc.) against Streptococcus bovis, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and lipopolysaccharides (40, 35, and 25% of the preparation, respectively) on growth performance of beef cattle during the backgrounding phase. From d 0 to 56, Angus crossbreed heifers (n = 80; 360 ± 60 kg of BW; 470 ± 26 d of age) and steers (n = 20; 386 ± 65 kg of BW; 465 ± 30 d of age) were blocked by BW and randomly assigned to 1 of 16 concrete-floored pens (108 m2), equipped with 2 GrowSafe (GrowSafe Systems Ltd., Airdrie, Alberta, Canada) feed bunks each. Animals received a common ad libitum diet (76% TDN, 15.9% CP, DM basis) with the addition of 1 (PAP1), 3 (PAP3), or 0 g (CON) of PAP per d. Feed intake was recorded daily and BW were obtained on d -1, 0, 14, 28, 42, 55, and 56, to assess changes in BW, ADG, DMI, and G:F. Based upon orthogonal contrasts (CON vs. PAP1, and PAP1 vs. PAP3), BW and ADG on d 14, and DMI from 0 to 28, and 0 to 42 were greater for PAP1 vs. CON (P ≤ 0.03), whereas PAP3 animals were intermediate (P ≥ 0.20). No differences in final BW, DMI, and ADG from d 0 to 56 were detected among treatments (P ≥ 0.22). In conclusion, feeding 1g of polyclonal antibody preparations against Streptococcus bovis, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and lipopolysaccharides in a backgrounding diet, improved growth performance in the first 14 d of feeding suggesting that feeding these PAP for longer than 14 d may not be necessary. The effects on subsequent feedlot performance when using PAP should be evaluated in future studies

Influence of a polyclonal antibody preparation on the in situ degradability of three energy sources

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
WG Otero ◽  
CT Marino ◽  
FR Alves ◽  
FA Ferreira ◽  
MB Arrigoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyclonal Antibody ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Antibody Preparation

Prokaryotic expression and polyclonal antibody preparation of a novel Rab-like protein mRabL5

2007 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Yang ◽  
Shi-Ying Guo ◽  
Fei-Yan Pan ◽  
Hui-Xia Geng ◽  
Yi Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyclonal Antibody ◽  
Prokaryotic Expression ◽  
Antibody Preparation

scholarly journals Rumen microbial diversity under influence of a polyclonal antibody preparation against lactate-producing and proteolytic bacteria in cows fed different energy sources

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 491-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Guimarães Otero ◽  
Carolina Tobias Marino ◽  
Cristine Chaves Barreto ◽  
Vivian Helena Pellizari ◽  
Danilo Domingues Millen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Polyclonal Antibody ◽  
Passive Immunization ◽  
Latin Squares ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Antibody Preparation ◽  
Citrus Pulp

Nine ruminally cannulated cows fed different energy sources were used to evaluate an avianderived polyclonal antibody preparation against specific ruminal bacteria and monensin on microbial community diversity. The experimental design was three Latin squares 3 x 3 distinguished by the main energy source in the diet [dry-ground corn grain, high moisture corn silage or citrus pulp]. Inside each Latin square, animals received one of the feed additives per period [control, monensin or polyclonal antibody preparation]. Each period lasted 21 days where 20 were used for treatments adaptation and the last one for sampling collection. Microbial diversity was evaluated by protozoa counts and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Polyclonal antibodies plus citrus pulp (CiPu) addition in the diet resulted in an increase of relative counting of Isotricha protozoa that indicates a possible effect on this ruminal ciliate population. In general lines, in the present experiment, it was not possible to assign that there was a pattern in the structures of amplification of Bacteria and Archaea communities of the ruminal content. Oral passive immunization is a technology that arises as an effective alternative for feed additive production. Further research is still necessary to better understand its mechanisms of action.

scholarly journals Changes in The Liver Transcriptome and Physiological Parameters of Japanese Black Steers During The Fattening Period

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minji Kim ◽  
Tatsunori Masaki ◽  
Kentaro Ikuta ◽  
Eiji Iwamoto ◽  
Yoshinobu Uemoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Content ◽  
Fat Metabolism ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Feeding System ◽  
Japanese Black Cattle ◽  
Liver Transcriptome ◽  
Fattening Period ◽  
Production Characteristics

Abstract We investigated the physiological changes during the fattening period and production characteristics in Japanese Black steers bred and raised using the typical feeding system in Japan. Here, 21 Japanese black steers aged 12 months were used, and the experimental period was divided into early (12–14 months of age), middle (15–22 months), and late fattening phases (23–30 months). The liver transcriptome, blood metabolites, hormones, and rumen fermentation characteristics were analyzed. The blood triglyceride and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations increased, and blood ketone levels decreased, with fattening phases. Blood insulin increased with fattening phases and was higher in groups with high carcass weight and marbling. Rumen fermentation characteristics showed high propionate levels and low butyrate levels in late fattening phases, likely due to increased energy intake. Genes related to glucose metabolism, such as SESN3, INSR, LEPR, and FOXO3, were down-regulated in late fattening phases. Genes related to lipid metabolism, such as FABP4, were up-regulated, whereas FADS1 and FADS2 were down-regulated. These findings suggest that the physiological changes resulted from changes in the energy content and composition of diets. Liver metabolism changed with changes in fat metabolism. Insulin was strongly associated with physiological changes and productivity in Japanese Black cattle.

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