GC-mass determination for the biodegradative products of 2,6-dimethylpyridine using Dead-Sea bacterial isolate

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
A. Al-Hujran Tayel ◽  
K. Magharbeh Mousa ◽  
A. Al-Btoush Hayat ◽  
A. Al-Ja’afreh Abdallah ◽  
Yasser Gaber
Keyword(s):  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Bacterial Isolate ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Hypersaline Environment ◽  
Mass Determination ◽  
Mass Analysis ◽  
Positive Bacterium ◽  
Microscan Walkaway ◽  
Chemical Pollutant

Dead sea soil is known for its hypersaline environment and it is a promising location for isolating extremophilic bacteria with interesting metabolic features. In the current study, we isolated a gram-positive bacterium with the ability to degrade 2,6-dimethyl pyridine (2,6-DMP), also known as 2,6-lutidine, a chemical pollutant. The isolated bacteria were identified using the automated Microscan Walkaway system and the different biochemical reactions were determined. In minimal media using the 2,6-DMP as a sole carbon source, the bacterial isolate showed the ability to convert approximately 40 % of 2,6-DMP within 5 days. The GC-Mass analysis for the degradation products indicated that mono- and dihydroxylation for the pyridine ring and oxidation of one or both of the terminal methyl groups have occurred. Based on this finding, this isolated bacterial can further be utilized for bioremediation purposes.

scholarly journals Synergistic biodegradation of aromatic-aliphatic copolyester plastic by a marine microbial consortium

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid E. Meyer-Cifuentes ◽  
Johannes Werner ◽  
Nico Jehmlich ◽  
Sabine E. Will ◽  
Meina Neumann-Schaal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Microbial Consortium ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Enrichment Culture ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
Marine Microorganisms ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Maximum Conversion ◽  
Degradation Step

AbstractThe degradation of synthetic polymers by marine microorganisms is not as well understood as the degradation of plastics in soil and compost. Here, we use metagenomics, metatranscriptomics and metaproteomics to study the biodegradation of an aromatic-aliphatic copolyester blend by a marine microbial enrichment culture. The culture can use the plastic film as the sole carbon source, reaching maximum conversion to CO2 and biomass in around 15 days. The consortium degrades the polymer synergistically, with different degradation steps being performed by different community members. We identify six putative PETase-like enzymes and four putative MHETase-like enzymes, with the potential to degrade aliphatic-aromatic polymers and their degradation products, respectively. Our results show that, although there are multiple genes and organisms with the potential to perform each degradation step, only a few are active during biodegradation.

scholarly journals Inclusive transverse mass analysis for squark and gluino mass determination

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 (06) ◽  
pp. 035-035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihoko M Nojiri ◽  
Yasuhiro Shimizu ◽  
Shogo Okada ◽  
Kiyotomo Kawagoe
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Mass ◽  
Mass Determination ◽  
Mass Analysis ◽  
Gluino Mass

scholarly journals Biodegradation of Bis(2-Chloroethyl) Ether by Xanthobacter sp. Strain ENV481

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (21) ◽  
pp. 6870-6875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin McClay ◽  
Charles E. Schaefer ◽  
Simon Vainberg ◽  
Robert J. Steffan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Diethylene Glycol ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Bacterial Isolate ◽  
Chloroacetic Acid ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Superfund Site ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Northeastern United States

ABSTRACT Degradation of bis(2-chloroethyl) ether (BCEE) was observed to occur in two bacterial strains. Strain ENV481, a Xanthobacter sp. strain, was isolated by enrichment culturing of samples from a Superfund site located in the northeastern United States. The strain was able to grow on BCEE or 2-chloroethylethyl ether as the sole source of carbon and energy. BCEE degradation in strain ENV481 was facilitated by sequential dehalogenation reactions resulting in the formation of 2-(2-chloroethoxy)ethanol and diethylene glycol (DEG), respectively. 2-Hydroxyethoxyacetic acid was detected as a product of DEG catabolism by the strain. Degradation of BCEE by strain ENV481 was independent of oxygen, and the strain was not able to grow on a mixture of benzene, ethylbenzene, toluene, and xylenes, other prevalent contaminants at the site. Another bacterial isolate, Pseudonocardia sp. strain ENV478 (S. Vainberg et al., Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 72:5218-5224, 2006), degraded BCEE after growth on tetrahydrofuran or propane but was not able to grow on BCEE as a sole carbon source. BCEE degradation by strain ENV478 appeared to be facilitated by a monooxygenase-mediated O-dealkylation mechanism, and it resulted in the accumulation of 2-chloroacetic acid that was not readily degraded by the strain.

Study on the Isolation, Identification and Degradation Characterizaion of a DDT-Degrading Bacteria

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 2030-2033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Niu ◽  
Ji Hua Wang ◽  
Di Cui ◽  
Xiang Liu ◽  
Hui Guang
Keyword(s):  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Enrichment Culture ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Positive Bacterium ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Pseudomonas Species ◽  
Biochemical Identification ◽  
Bacterium Strain ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

A Gram positive bacterium strain 12-3 for degrading DDT effectively was isolated from the DDT contaminated site of the shipyard in Guangzhou by enrichment culture, which could utilize DDT as the sole carbon source for growth. This strain was identified as Pseudomonas species. Based on the phenotype, physiological and biochemical identification, and fatty acids identification. Testing theirs DDT degradation rate with HPLC, the results showed that in a shaky flask containing 20 mg/L DDT, this strain could degrade DDT with degradation efficiency of 51.6% in 8 days at 30°C, pH 8.0.

scholarly journals Bio-Mineralization of Organophosphorous Insecticide-Chlorpyrifos and its Hydrolyzed Product 3,5,6-Trichloro-2-Pyridinol by Staphylococcus Sp. ES-2

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 486-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Supreeth ◽  
N. S Raju
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Bacterial Isolate ◽  
Mineral Salt Medium ◽  
Antimicrobial Property ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
Agricultural Fields ◽  
Enrichment Method

Application of Chlorpyrifos on agricultural fields to protect crops against pests results in accumulation of it in soil and other environmental samples. The insecticide transform into 3,5,6-Trichloro-2-Pyridinol (TCP) through hydrolysis in soil, which has got antimicrobial property and hence resists its degradation in natural condition. In the current findings, a bacterial isolate capable of mineralizing Chlorpyrifos without accumulation of TCP was isolated from agricultural soil by enrichment method. Based on Morphological, Biochemical Characterization and with Bergey’s Manual comparision, the isolate was identified as Staphylococcus sp. The isolate was found to metabolize chlorpyrifos completely in Mineral salt medium with chlorpyrifos as the sole carbon source. No metabolites of chlorpyrifos were detected in Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (LC-MS) analysis after 7 days of incubation. The novelty of the outcome of the experiment relies on Staphylococcus sp.ES-2 in complete mineralization of chlorpyrifos which can be used as a potential bioaugmenting agent in the chlorpyrifos contaminated sites.

Influence of Cell Wall Composition on the Fossilisation of Bacteria and the Implications for the Search for Early Life Forms

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 491-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances Westall
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Cation Binding ◽  
Positive Bacterium ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Hydrothermal Sediments ◽  
Identification Of Bacteria ◽  
The Difference

AbstractThe oldest cell-like structures on Earth are preserved in silicified lagoonal, shallow sea or hydrothermal sediments, such as some Archean formations in Western Australia and South Africa. Previous studies concentrated on the search for organic fossils in Archean rocks. Observations of silicified bacteria (as silica minerals) are scarce for both the Precambrian and the Phanerozoic, but reports of mineral bacteria finds, in general, are increasing. The problems associated with the identification of authentic fossil bacteria and, if possible, closer identification of bacteria type can, in part, be overcome by experimental fossilisation studies. These have shown that not all bacteria fossilise in the same way and, indeed, some seem to be very resistent to fossilisation. This paper deals with a transmission electron microscope investigation of the silicification of four species of bacteria commonly found in the environment. The Gram positiveBacillus laterosporusand its spore produced a robust, durable crust upon silicification, whereas the Gram negativePseudomonas fluorescens, Ps. vesicularis, andPs. acidovoranspresented delicately preserved walls. The greater amount of peptidoglycan, containing abundant metal cation binding sites, in the cell wall of the Gram positive bacterium, probably accounts for the difference in the mode of fossilisation. The Gram positive bacteria are, therefore, probably most likely to be preserved in the terrestrial and extraterrestrial rock record.

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