scholarly journals Molecular genetic analysis of the EXT2 gene - causes of hereditary multiple exostoses in Yakuts

Author(s):  
А.Е. Яковлева ◽  
Д.А. Петухова ◽  
А.Л. Данилова ◽  
А.Л. Сухомясова ◽  
Н.Р. Максимова

В статье представлены результаты молекулярно-генетических исследованиий больных с множественной экзостозной хондродисплазией (МЭХД), причиной которой явилась редкая мутация в гене EXT2. Исследованы 65 больных с МЭХД и их родственников из 30 неродственных семей. Для молекулярно-генетического анализа было использовано массовое параллельное секвенирование и прямое секвенирование по Сэнгеру. У 16 больных из 4 семей с клиническим диагнозом МЭХД была выявлена редкая нонсенс-мутация c.751С>T в экзоне 5 гена EXT2 в гетерозиготном состоянии. Here we present molecular genetic studies of Yakut patients with hereditary multiple exostoses (HME), which caused by a rare mutation in the EXT2 gene. A total of 65 patients with clinical diagnosis of HME and their relatives from 30 unrelated families were examined. For molecular genetic analysis, massive parallel sequencing (MPS) and direct Sanger sequencing were used. In 16 patients from 4 families with a clinical diagnosis of HME, a rare heterozygous nonsense mutation c.751C> T was detected in exon 5 of the EXT2.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuelle Masson ◽  
Wen-Bin Zou ◽  
Claudia Ruffert ◽  
Vanessa Holste ◽  
Patrick Michl ◽  
...  

ABSTRACTChronic pancreatitis is a complex disease that involves many factors, both genetic and environmental. Over the past two decades, molecular genetic analysis of five genes that are highly expressed in human pancreatic acinar cells, namely PRSS1, PRSS2, SPINK1, CTRC and CTRB1/CTRB2, has established that a trypsin-dependent pathway plays a key role in the etiology of chronic pancreatitis. Since Ca2+ deregulation can lead to intracellular trypsin activation in experimental acute pancreatitis, we analyzed STIM1 (encoding stromal interaction molecule-1, the main regulator of Ca2+ homeostasis in pancreatic acinar cells) as a candidate modifier gene in French, German and Chinese patients with chronic pancreatitis. The French and German subjects were analyzed by Sanger sequencing whereas the Chinese subjects were analyzed by targeted next-generation sequencing confirmed by Sanger sequencing. A total of 37 rare coding variants (35 missense and 2 nonsense) were identified, which were enriched in patients as compared with controls [2.28% (47/2,057) vs. 0.99% (33/3,322); odds ratio = 2.33, P = 0.0001]. This is the first large case-control study to demonstrate a putative association of rare STIM1 coding variants with chronic pancreatitis. Functional analysis will be required to clarify whether or not the rare STIM1 variants detected predispose to pancreatitis.


2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (03) ◽  
pp. 125-127
Author(s):  
Jana Neupauerová ◽  
Katalin Štěrbová ◽  
Vladimír Komárek ◽  
Andrea Gřegořová ◽  
Markéta Vlčková ◽  
...  

AbstractSchinzel–Giedion syndrome (SGS) is a very rare genetic disorder characterized by distinctive facial features, severe developmental delay, seizures, and skeletal abnormalities. Whole exome sequencing, Sanger sequencing, and correlation with already published variants and cases allowed us to identify two different de novo mutations in the SETBP1 gene: NM_015559.2 (SETBP1): c.2601C > G (p.Ser867Arg) and c. 2608 G > A (p.Gly870Ser) in two Czech patients presenting with SGS features. Both mutations are within exon 4 of SETBP1, supporting the notion that exon 4 represents the mutation hotspot of the gene in patients with SGS.


Author(s):  
А.Е. Яковлева ◽  
Д.А. Петухова ◽  
П.И. Голикова ◽  
Е.Е. Гуринова ◽  
А.Л. Данилова ◽  
...  

Введение. Множественная экзостозная хондродисплазия (МЭХД) - наследственное аутосомно-доминантное заболевание скелета, которое характеризуется образованием множественных хрящевых экзостозов в зонах роста костей. Консультирование семей с МЭХД является сложной задачей для врача-генетика. В статье приведены клинические, молекулярно-генетические данные обследования большой якутской семьи с аутосомно-доминантной наследственной МЭХД, причиной которой является редкая мутация в гене EXT2. Цель: проведение клинико-генеалогического, молекулярно-генетического обследования больных с клиническим диагнозом МЭХД. Методы. В исследование включены 4 поколения одной якутской семьи (11 больных и здоровых членов). Секвенирование экзома одного члена семьи (ДНК пробанда) проводилось на секвенаторе MiSeq Illumina с использованием панели, включающей 4800 генов. Патогенность выявленной мутации подтверждалась in silico, а также секвенированием по Сэнгеру с использованием ДНК пробанда, его родителей. Данный метод также был использован для выявления мутации у остальных членов семьи. Результаты. В результате молекулярно-генетического исследования у 7 членов семьи с клиническим диагнозом МЭХД была выявлена редкая нонсенс-мутация c.751С>T в экзоне 5 гена EXT2 в гетерозиготном состоянии. Данная мутация отсутствовала у 4 здоровых членов этой семьи, а также в 10 образцах из контрольной группы. Оценка патогенности выявленной мутации показала, что данная мутация является причиной возникновения МЭХД в якутской семье. Заключение. Ранняя медицинская помощь пациентам с диагнозом МЭХД может дать возможность оказания медицинской помощи пациентам специалистами разного профиля, а также сосредоточить внимание врачей на ортопедических проблемах в раннем возрасте. Introduction. Multiple osteohondromas (MO) is an autosomal dominant inherited skeletal disease characterized by the formation of multiple cartilaginous exostoses in the areas of growth in a long bones. Difficult issues arise for the genetic counseling of families with MO. We presents the clinical and molecular genetic analysis of four-generation Yakut family with an autosomal dominant inherited MO, caused by a rare mutation in the EXT2 gene. Aim: сonducting a clinical, genealogical, molecular genetic study of patients with a clinical diagnosis MO. Methods. Targeted panel sequencing performed for the 4800 known candidate genes using Trusight One Sequencing Panel (Illumina Inc., USA) on one sample (DNA of proband). Sanger sequencing was performed for validation of candidate disease causing mutation in DNA from a proband and family members. Results. A rare EXT2 nonsense mutation (c.751C> T, p.Gln251*) was revealed by targeted exome sequencing and validated by Sanger sequencing in the 7 MO-affected members of this family. The variant was interpreted as pathogenic based on an in silico analysis. This mutation was absent in 4 healthy members of this family and in 10 controls. Conclusions. This is the first study of EXT2 gene mutation in a Russian patients from Yakut family with MO. Timely health care of patients with diagnosis of MO can contribute to establishment coordinated multispecialty management of the patient focusing on the orthopedic problems issues through childhood.


2018 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 126-131
Author(s):  
S. E. Dromashko ◽  
A. M. Slukvin ◽  
O. Yu. Koneva ◽  
A. A. Rouba ◽  
M. A. Sasinovich ◽  
...  

Aim. Description of the results of molecular genetic studies of a number of fish, narrow-clawed crayfish, and mollusk species. Methods. For the analysis, RAPD, SSR, and DNA-barcoding methods were used. Results. Unique RAPD amplicones were identified to differentiate Lahvinsky, Tremlyansky and Isobelinsky carp breeds. With the use of SSR markers, the Dniester-Dnieper and Kama population belonging to the sterlet, grown in two farms of Belarus, was established. An instruction on the application of molecular genetic analysis to establish the species belonging to meat and caviar of sturgeon species was developed. The species composition and genetic polymorphism in narrow-clawed crayfish in reservoirs of Brest and Gomel regions was estimated. The work on DNA-barcoding of mollusks has begun. Conclusions. Molecular-genetic passports of carp breeds of Belarusian breeding are compiled. The population belonging to sterlet is determined in two fish farms inBelarus. Instruction for the use of molecular genetic analysis to establish the species (population) belonging to the sturgeon fish and their products is introduced in the country and used for testing and certification of sturgeon products. For the Byelorussian Polesie region, it is established that the narrow-clawed crayfish in theGomel region reservoirs has the greatest genetic diversity. Keywords: molecular markers, carp, sturgeon, narrow-clawed crayfish, mollusks.


2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Krogh Broendberg ◽  
Lisbeth Noerum Pedersen ◽  
Jens Cosedis Nielsen ◽  
Henrik Kjaerulf Jensen

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