Infection risk related to leech therapy: practices and knowledge gap of French infectious diseases specialists and plastic surgeons

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael Masson
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Knowledge Gap ◽  
Leech Therapy

Tick-Borne Infections

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Wilson ◽  
Lynn L. Estes
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Numerous Species ◽  
Hard Ticks ◽  
Protozoan Infection

Numerous species of ticks have been associated with transmission of infectious diseases to humans. Recognizing the type of tick and its geographic distribution can aid identification of select bacterial, viral, and protozoan infection risk assessment.• Consists of the hard ticks that transmit nearly all tick-borne human diseases; 2–30 mm...

scholarly journals Negative Excess Mortality in Pneumonia Death caused by COVID-19 in Japan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junko Kurita ◽  
Tamie Sugawara ◽  
Yoshiyuki Sugishita ◽  
Yasushi Ohkusa
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Pneumococcal Vaccination ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Estimation Model

AbstractBackgroundSince the emergence of COVID-19, cases of excess mortality from all causes have been very few in Japan.ObjectTo evaluate COVID-19 effects precisely, we specifically examine deaths caused by pneumonia and examine excess mortality attributable to pneumonia in Japan.MethodWe applied the NIID model to pneumonia deaths from 2005 up through September, 2020 for the whole of Japan. Introduction of routine pneumococcal vaccination for elderly people and revision in ICD10 were incorporated into the estimation model.ResultsNo excess mortality was found for 2020. However, negative excess mortality was observed as 178 in May, 314 in June, and 75 in July.Discussion and ConclusionSignificantly negative excess mortality might reflect precautions taken by people including wearing masks, washing hands with alcohol, and maintaining social distance. They reduced the infection risk not only of for COVID-19 but also of other infectious diseases causing pneumonia.

scholarly journals Pregnancy and Susceptibility to Infectious Diseases

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Sappenfield ◽  
Denise J. Jamieson ◽  
Athena P. Kourtis
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Maternal Outcomes ◽  
Pubmed Search ◽  
Infection Risk Factors ◽  
Simplex Virus

To summarize the literature regarding susceptibility of pregnant women to infectious diseases and severity of resulting disease, we conducted a review using a PubMed search and other strategies. Studies were included if they reported information on infection risk or disease outcome in pregnant women. In all, 1454 abstracts were reviewed, and a total of 85 studies were included. Data were extracted regarding number of cases in pregnant women, rates of infection, risk factors for disease severity or complications, and maternal outcomes. The evidence indicates that pregnancy is associated with increased severity of some infectious diseases, such as influenza, malaria, hepatitis E, and herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection (risk for dissemination/hepatitis); there is also some evidence for increased severity of measles and smallpox. Disease severity seems higher with advanced pregnancy. Pregnant women may be more susceptible to acquisition of malaria, HIV infection, and listeriosis, although the evidence is limited. These results reinforce the importance of infection prevention as well as of early identification and treatment of suspected influenza, malaria, hepatitis E, and HSV disease during pregnancy.

scholarly journals The risk of airborne influenza transmission in passenger cars

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 (3) ◽  
pp. 474-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. D. KNIBBS ◽  
L. MORAWSKA ◽  
S. C. BELL
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Knowledge Gap ◽  
H1n1 Pandemic ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Estimated Risk ◽  
Influenza Transmission ◽  
Car Travel

SUMMARYTravel in passenger cars is a ubiquitous aspect of the daily activities of many people. During the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic a case of probable transmission during car travel was reported in Australia, to which spread via the airborne route may have contributed. However, there are no data to indicate the likely risks of such events, and how they may vary and be mitigated. To address this knowledge gap, we estimated the risk of airborne influenza transmission in two cars (1989 model and 2005 model) by employing ventilation measurements and a variation of the Wells–Riley model. Results suggested that infection risk can be reduced by not recirculating air; however, estimated risk ranged from 59% to 99·9% for a 90-min trip when air was recirculated in the newer vehicle. These results have implications for interrupting in-car transmission of other illnesses spread by the airborne route.

scholarly journals Disease Salience Effects on Desire for Affiliation With In-Group and Out-Group Members: Cognitive and Affective Mediators

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 147470492093070
Author(s):  
Murray Millar ◽  
Andrea Fink-Armold ◽  
Aileen Lovitt
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Target Person ◽  
Cognitive Responses ◽  
European Descent ◽  
Group Members

This study tested the hypothesis that threats related to infectious diseases would make persons less willing to affiliate with out-groups and that feelings of disgust and beliefs about the out-group members would mediate this effect. To test this hypothesis, American participants of European descent were presented with either a disease threat or control threat. Then they were shown a photograph of someone of the same race or different race. Participants were asked to indicate whether they would avoid the target person and to state their emotional and cognitive responses to the person. As predicted, disease salience decreased the desire to affiliate with out-group members, and both feelings of disgust and beliefs about the infection risk posed by the target person mediated this relationship.

scholarly journals Urgent Prevention of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Chinese Eating and Mask-Wearing Cultures

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Kang Cheng ◽  
Vivien Cheng ◽  
Yang Zou ◽  
Changhua Zou
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
National People ◽  
China Today ◽  
Droplet Transmission

Chinese people have a very good mask-wearing culture; it is normal to wear masks to protect their faces from wind and pollution. Thus, they easily accept the wearing of masks to prevent infectious diseases, as seen with the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China today. However, Chinese people have a dangerous eating culture: they share foods or soups from the same bowls and pots using their personal chopsticks/spoons and emphasize loud talking when eating at banquets or at homes. We think this eating culture has raised the infection risk of COVID-19 from person to person by contamination. Therefore, in this paper, we propose models to elucidate how people are infected with COVID-19 through droplet transmission when eating with Chinese cultural context to address the urgent need to change Chinese eating culture; we believe these study models can help not only the Chinese people, but also other national people, to raise mindfulness of public health, prevent COVID-19 and other infectious diseases, at the present pandemic and in the future.

Infectious Diseases in the Geriatric Patient

1982 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 421-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
John G. Corcoran ◽  
Stanton G. Axline
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Geriatric Patient
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