C-reactive Protein and Parathyroid Hormone in Acute Severe Psychotic Disorders (Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder and Methamphetamine-induced Psychotic Disorder)

Introductionand objectives Schizophrenia accompanies with elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) and vitamin D deficiency. However, there are scarce documentations regarding bipolar disorder and methamphetamine-induced psychotic disorder.AimTo compare serum levels of vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, phosphorus and CRP levels in psychotic disorder patients and control group.MethodsA case-control study was conducted on four groups: acute phase of schizophrenia, acute manic episode of bipolar disorder, methamphetamine-induced psychotic disorder and healthy control subjects. Sample size was 45 in each group. Weekly duration of sun exposure, monthly vitamin D intake and serum levels of vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus, PTH and CRP were assessed. Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) was used to evaluate psychotic symptoms.ResultsDuration of sun exposure and monthly vitamin D intake were comparable among groups. Serum levels of vitamin D, calcium and phosphorus were not statistically different between groups (P = 0.463, P = 0.086 and P = 0.339, respectively). Serum levels of PTH were significantly higher in control group (P < 0.001). CRP levels were significantly lower in control subjects (P < 0.001). The levels of serum vitamin D and CRP did not show statistically significant difference among three groups of patients.ConclusionAcute psychotic disorders seem to be associated with higher CRP and lower PTH levels. Clinical importance of the findings and relation of these differences to the metabolic and inflammatory bases of psychosis are not clear yet.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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ALDH2 modulated changes in cytokine levels and cognitive function in bipolar disorder: A 12-week follow-up study

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/0004867417720517 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 52 (7) ◽

pp. 680-689

Author(s):

Sheng-Yu Lee ◽

Tzu-Yun Wang ◽

Shiou-Lan Chen ◽

Yun-Hsuan Chang ◽

Po-See Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Transforming Growth Factor ◽

Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Follow Up Study ◽

Cytokine Levels

Objectives: We investigated the association of the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 ( ALDH2) polymorphism (rs671), which is involved with the dopaminergic function, and with changes in cytokine levels and cognitive function, in a 12-week follow-up study in patients with bipolar disorder. Methods: Patients with a first diagnosis of bipolar disorder were recruited. Symptom severity and levels of plasma cytokines (tumor necrosis factor α, C-reactive protein, interleukin 6 and transforming growth factor β1) were examined during weeks 0, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12. Neurocognitive function was evaluated at baseline and endpoint. The ALDH2 polymorphism genotype was determined. Results: A total of 541 patients with bipolar disorder were recruited, and 355 (65.6%) completed the 12-week follow-up. A multiple linear regression analysis showed a significant ( p = 0.000226) association between the ALDH2 polymorphism and changes in C-reactive protein levels. Different aspects of cognitive function improved in patients with different ALDH2 genotypes. Only patients with the ALDH2*1*1 genotype showed significant correlations between improvement of cognitive function and increased transforming growth factor -β1. Conclusion: The ALDH2 gene might influence changes in cytokine levels and cognitive performance in patients with bipolar disorder. Additionally, changes in cytokine levels and cognitive function were correlated only in patients with specific ALDH2 genotypes.

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Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene Polymorphism and Erythropoietin Requirement

Peritoneal Dialysis International ◽

10.1177/089686080302300203 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 111-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Mira Varagunam ◽

Daniel J. McCloskey ◽

Paul J. Sinnott ◽

Martin J. Raftery ◽

Muhammed M. Yaqoob

Keyword(s):

Renal Failure ◽

Parathyroid Hormone ◽

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽

Ace Inhibitor ◽

Inhibitor Therapy ◽

Converting Enzyme ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Dose Requirement ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Significant Difference

Objectives To study the effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) polymorphisms II, ID, and DD on erythropoietin (EPO) requirement in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) therapy. Design Retrospective observational study. Setting CAPD Unit, Royal London/St. Bartholomews Hospital, London, UK. Patients 46 patients on the transplant waiting list (age 20 – 70 years), on CAPD therapy for an average of 28 months, seen consecutively over a period of 3 months in the outpatients department. Main Outcome Measures Primary end point: EPO dose requirement in different ACE genotypes. Secondary end points: C-reactive protein, ferritin, parathyroid hormone, Kt/V, duration of dialysis, folate, cause of renal failure, and whether or not patients were on ACE inhibitor therapy. Results There was a statistically significant difference ( p < 0.05) in EPO requirement in the II/ID group compared to the DD group. The mean ± standard error of EPO for the II/ID group was 144 ± 15 U/kg/week, and for the DD group, 87 ± 9 U/kg/ week. The difference in EPO requirement could not be explained by age, C-reactive protein, ferritin, parathyroid hormone, Kt/V, duration of dialysis, folate, cause of renal failure, or whether or not patients were on ACE inhibitor therapy. Conclusion In CAPD patients, ACE genotype has predictive value when determining the EPO dosage, as the II/ID genotype may be associated with a suboptimal response.

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C-Reactive Protein Alterations in Bipolar Disorder

The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry ◽

10.4088/jcp.14r09007 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 76 (02) ◽

pp. 142-150 ◽

Cited By ~ 85

Author(s):

Aroldo A. Dargél ◽

Ophelia Godin ◽

Flávio Kapczinski ◽

David J. Kupfer ◽

Marion Leboyer

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Protein Alterations

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The Link between High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein and Orbitofrontal Cortex in Euthymic Bipolar Disorder

Neuropsychobiology ◽

10.1159/000353613 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 168-173 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Kuo-Hsuan Chung ◽

Shou-Hung Huang ◽

Jui-Yu Wu ◽

Pao-Huan Chen ◽

Jung-Lung Hsu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Orbitofrontal Cortex ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein

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Leukocytes in peripheral blood in patients with bipolar disorder – Trait and state alterations and association with levels of cytokines and C-reactive protein

Psychiatry Research ◽

10.1016/j.psychres.2018.01.022 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 261 ◽

pp. 383-390 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Klaus Munkholm ◽

Anne Sophie Jacoby ◽

Toke Lenskjold ◽

Helle Bruunsgaard ◽

Maj Vinberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein

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P.356 C-reactive protein and cognitive impairment in patients with bipolar disorder I and II types in remission

European Neuropsychopharmacology ◽

10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.09.374 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. S254-S255

Author(s):

Y. Ashenbrenner ◽

E. Chumakov ◽

I.V. Kaystrya ◽

V.V. Dorofeykov ◽

N. Petrova

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein

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C-reactive protein concentrations across the mood spectrum in bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The Lancet Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s2215-0366(16)30370-4 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (12) ◽

pp. 1147-1156 ◽

Cited By ~ 74

Author(s):

Brisa S Fernandes ◽

Johann Steiner ◽

Marc L Molendijk ◽

Seetal Dodd ◽

Patricia Nardin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein

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Emotional reactivity, functioning, and C-reactive protein alterations in remitted bipolar patients: Clinical relevance of a dimensional approach

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/0004867417691850 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 51 (8) ◽

pp. 788-798 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Aroldo A Dargél ◽

Ophelia Godin ◽

Bruno Etain ◽

Vânia Hirakata ◽

Jean-Michel Azorin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Functional Status ◽

Emotional Reactivity ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Emotional Dysregulation ◽

Interquartile Range ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Mood Symptoms ◽

Bipolar Patients

Objectives: Inter-episode mood instability has increasingly been considered in bipolar disorder. This study aimed to investigate emotional reactivity as a major dimension for better characterizing remitted bipolar patients with subthreshold mood symptoms and functional status. This study also aimed to investigate whether high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, a marker of low-grade inflammation, could be a biological marker of emotional dysregulation in bipolar disorder (BD). Methods: Cross-sectional study of 613 subjects who met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders–Fourth Edition criteria for BD recruited from the FondaMental Advanced Centers of Expertise in Bipolar Disorders cohort from 2009 to 2014. All patients had been in remission for at least 3 months before assessment. Patients were classified into three groups according to levels of emotional reactivity. Emotional reactivity was assessed by using the Multidimensional Assessment of Thymic States, and functional status was assessed by the Functioning Assessment Short Test. Clinical characteristics and blood sample were collected from all patients. Results: In total, 415 (68%) patients had abnormal emotional reactivity. Independent of potential confounders, including age, gender and subthreshold mood symptoms, serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were significantly higher in patients with emotional hyper-reactivity (median = 4.0 mg/L, interquartile range = 2.7–5.6), and with emotional hypo-reactivity (median = 3.0 mg/L, interquartile range = 1–4) compared with patients with normal emotional reactivity (median = 0.95 mg/L, interquartile range = 0.4–1.9, p < 0.001). Patients with emotional hyper-reactivity showed significant cognitive functioning impairment ( p < 0.001). Conclusions: Emotional reactivity appears to be a relevant dimension for better characterizing remitted bipolar patients with subthreshold mood symptoms. Levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein may be an objective marker of emotional dysregulation in BD. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings.

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