scholarly journals The Periodic Transient Kinetics Method for Investigation of Kinetic Process Dynamics Under Realistic Conditions: Methanation as an Example

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Meyer ◽  
Jens Friedland ◽  
Jannik Schumacher ◽  
Robert Güttel
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Kinetic Process ◽  
Chemical Energy ◽  
Unsteady State ◽  
Transient Kinetics ◽  
Length Scales ◽  
Process Dynamics ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Catalyzed Reactions

Due to rising interest for the integration of chemical energy storage into the electrical power grid, the unsteady-state operation of chemical reactors is gaining more and more attention with emphasis on heterogeneously catalyzed reactions. The transient response of those reactions is influenced by effects on different length scales, ranging from the active surface via the individual porous catalyst particle up to the full-scale reactor. The challenge, however, is to characterize unsteady-state effects under realistic operation conditions and to assign them to distinct transport processes. Therefore, the periodic transient kinetics (PTK) method is introduced, which allows for the separation of kinetic process dynamics at different length scales experimentally under realistic operation conditions. The methodology also provides the capability for statistical analysis of the experimental results and therefore improved reliability of the derived conclusions. Therefore, the PTK method provides the experimental basis for model-based derivation of reaction kinetics valid under dynamic conditions. The applicability of the methodology is demonstrated for the methanation reaction chosen as an example process for heterogeneously catalyzed reactions relevant for chemical energy storage purposes. <br>

scholarly journals The Periodic Transient Kinetics Method for Investigation of Kinetic Process Dynamics Under Realistic Conditions: Methanation as an Example

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Meyer ◽  
Jens Friedland ◽  
Jannik Schumacher ◽  
Robert Güttel
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Kinetic Process ◽  
Chemical Energy ◽  
Unsteady State ◽  
Transient Kinetics ◽  
Length Scales ◽  
Process Dynamics ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Catalyzed Reactions

Due to rising interest for the integration of chemical energy storage into the electrical power grid, the unsteady-state operation of chemical reactors is gaining more and more attention with emphasis on heterogeneously catalyzed reactions. The transient response of those reactions is influenced by effects on different length scales, ranging from the active surface via the individual porous catalyst particle up to the full-scale reactor. The challenge, however, is to characterize unsteady-state effects under realistic operation conditions and to assign them to distinct transport processes. Therefore, the periodic transient kinetics (PTK) method is introduced, which allows for the separation of kinetic process dynamics at different length scales experimentally under realistic operation conditions. The methodology also provides the capability for statistical analysis of the experimental results and therefore improved reliability of the derived conclusions. Therefore, the PTK method provides the experimental basis for model-based derivation of reaction kinetics valid under dynamic conditions. The applicability of the methodology is demonstrated for the methanation reaction chosen as an example process for heterogeneously catalyzed reactions relevant for chemical energy storage purposes. <br>

Thermal characterization of ABS-Graphene blended three dimensional printed functional prototypes for electro chemical energy storage

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamaljit Singh Boparai ◽  
Rupinder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Chemical Energy ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Fused Deposition

This study highlights the thermal characterization of ABS-Graphene blended three dimensional (3D) printed functional prototypes by fused deposition modeling (FDM) process. These functional prototypes have some applications as electro-chemical energy storage devices (EESD). Initially, the suitability of ABS-Graphene composite material for FDM applications has been examined by melt flow index (MFI) test. After establishing MFI, the feedstock filament for FDM has been prepared by an extrusion process. The fabricated filament has been used for printing 3D functional prototypes for printing of in-house EESD. The differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) analysis was conducted to understand the effect on glass transition temperature with the inclusion of Graphene (Gr) particles. It has been observed that the reinforced Gr particles act as a thermal reservoir (sink) and enhances its thermal/electrical conductivity. Also, FT-IR spectra realized the structural changes with the inclusion of Gr in ABS matrix. The results are supported by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) based micrographs for understanding the morphological changes.

scholarly journals Stratification Analysis and Behaviour of a Real Industrial Thermocline Thermal Energy Storage Tank for Cogeneration Purposes

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Francisco Fernández ◽  
José Díaz ◽  
María Folgueras ◽  
Inés Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Temperature Gradients ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Mean Temperature

Thermal energy storage systems help to couple thermal energy generation and process demand in cogeneration facilities. One single deposit with two design temperatures and one main temperature step in sensible thermal energy storage define the thermocline systems. Performance of one high size real thermocline thermal energy storage system is analysed. Starting from temperature and mass flow rate data registered by the plant control system, one advanced thermodynamic analysis is performed. The quality of heat storage is analysed in terms of evaluation of the stratification in the thermocline zone. The temperature data registered at 21 positions is extended by displacement analysis generating detailed profiles. Fraction of recoverable heat, thermocline width, stratification indices based on energy and exergy analysis, and mean temperature gradients in the thermocline region are calculated. These parameters are monitored under real operation conditions of the plant. The calculated parameters are studied to check their distribution and correlation. First and Second Law indices show parallel behaviour and two values are found that delimit situations of high and low values of mean temperature gradients. It was observed that buoyancy generates uniform forced movement with the right water temperature entering the diffusers, but good control strategies are essential to avoid mixing. The system demonstrated great stability in this use.

scholarly journals A Dual Half-Bridge Converter with Adaptive Energy Storage to Achieve ZVS over Full Range of Operation Conditions

Energies ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zhao ◽  
Chuangyu Xu ◽  
Xuemei Zheng ◽  
Haoyu Li
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Operation Conditions

scholarly journals MgSO4·7H2O filled macro cellular foams: An innovative composite sorbent for thermo-chemical energy storage applications for solar buildings

Solar Energy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 1278-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenza Brancato ◽  
Luigi Calabrese ◽  
Valeria Palomba ◽  
Andrea Frazzica ◽  
Margalida Fullana-Puig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Chemical Energy ◽  
Composite Sorbent ◽  
Cellular Foams ◽  
Energy Storage Applications ◽  
Macro Cellular

Power-to-Fuel and Artificial Photosynthesis for Chemical Energy Storage

2016 ◽  
pp. 493-566
Author(s):  
Albert Tarancón ◽  
Cristian Fábrega ◽  
Alex Morata ◽  
Marc Torrell ◽  
Teresa Andreu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Artificial Photosynthesis ◽  
Chemical Energy

scholarly journals Compression–Expansion Processes for Chemical Energy Storage: Thermodynamic Optimization for Methane, Ethane and Hydrogen

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 3332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burak Atakan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Initial Mixture ◽  
Chemical Energy ◽  
Specific Work ◽  
Chemical Exergy ◽  
Chemical Equilibration ◽  
Work Input ◽  
Exergy Losses ◽  
Argon Content

Several methods for chemical energy storage have been discussed recently in the context of fluctuating energy sources, such as wind and solar energy conversion. Here a compression–expansion process, as also used in piston engines or compressors, is investigated to evaluate its potential for the conversion of mechanical energy to chemical energy, or more correctly, exergy. A thermodynamically limiting adiabatic compression–chemical equilibration–expansion cycle is modeled and optimized for the amount of stored energy with realistic parameter bounds of initial temperature, pressure, compression ratio and composition. As an example of the method, initial mixture compositions of methane, ethane, hydrogen and argon are optimized and the results discussed. In addition to the stored exergy, the main products (acetylene, benzene, and hydrogen) and exergetic losses of this thermodynamically limiting cycle are also analyzed, and the volumetric and specific work are discussed as objective functions. It was found that the optimal mixtures are binary methane argon mixtures with high argon content. The predicted exergy losses due to chemical equilibration are generally below 10%, and the chemical exergy of the initial mixture can be increased or chemically up-converted due to the work input by approximately 11% in such a thermodynamically limiting process, which appears promising.

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