The effects of nano-sized carbon fillers on the physico-chemical, mechanical, and biological properties of polyester nanocomposites

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zygmunt Staniszewski ◽  
Peter Sobolewski ◽  
Agnieszka Piegat ◽  
Miroslawa El Fray
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
High Aspect Ratio ◽  
Soft Segment ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Aspect Ratios ◽  
Hard Segments ◽  
Carbon Nanofillers

<div><div><div><p>Nanocomposites based on poly(ethylene terephthalate-ethylene dilinoleate) (PET-DLA) copolymers of different hard to soft segment ratios (40:60 and 60:40) and three different carbon nanofillers of different aspect ratios (dimensions), as 0D carbon black, 1D multiwalled carbon nanotubes, and 2D graphene, have been prepared in situ during two-stage polymerization. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were used to characterize the chemical structures of the obtained nanocomposites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated very good dispersions of all carbon nanofillers in both polymer matrices. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results revealed that the addition of nano-sized fillers eliminated cold crystallization of materials containing 40% hard segments in polymer matrix. We found that the high aspect ratio, 1D nano-filler (multiwalled carbon nanotubes) strongly nucleated crystallization of materials containing 60% of hard segments. This nanofiller also yielded the greatest improvement in the Young’s modulus as assessed by tensile tests, both at 24 oC and 37 oC. We did not observe reduced bacterial adhesion to nanocomposites, likely due to increased roughness. Importantly, in vitro cytocompatibility tests with L929 murine fibroblasts demonstrated cell viability and growth on all materials except those containing carbon nanotubes. Finally, both high aspect ratio nanofillers markedly improved the barrier properties of obtained nanocomposites. New materials were successfully used for manufacturing of prototype of heart assist device, with pneumatic membrane made of graphene nanocomposite.</p></div></div></div>

scholarly journals The effects of nano-sized carbon fillers on the physico-chemical, mechanical, and biological properties of polyester nanocomposites

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zygmunt Staniszewski ◽  
Peter Sobolewski ◽  
Agnieszka Piegat ◽  
Miroslawa El Fray
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
High Aspect Ratio ◽  
Soft Segment ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Aspect Ratios ◽  
Hard Segments ◽  
Carbon Nanofillers

<div><div><div><p>Nanocomposites based on poly(ethylene terephthalate-ethylene dilinoleate) (PET-DLA) copolymers of different hard to soft segment ratios (40:60 and 60:40) and three different carbon nanofillers of different aspect ratios (dimensions), as 0D carbon black, 1D multiwalled carbon nanotubes, and 2D graphene, have been prepared in situ during two-stage polymerization. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were used to characterize the chemical structures of the obtained nanocomposites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated very good dispersions of all carbon nanofillers in both polymer matrices. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results revealed that the addition of nano-sized fillers eliminated cold crystallization of materials containing 40% hard segments in polymer matrix. We found that the high aspect ratio, 1D nano-filler (multiwalled carbon nanotubes) strongly nucleated crystallization of materials containing 60% of hard segments. This nanofiller also yielded the greatest improvement in the Young’s modulus as assessed by tensile tests, both at 24 oC and 37 oC. We did not observe reduced bacterial adhesion to nanocomposites, likely due to increased roughness. Importantly, in vitro cytocompatibility tests with L929 murine fibroblasts demonstrated cell viability and growth on all materials except those containing carbon nanotubes. Finally, both high aspect ratio nanofillers markedly improved the barrier properties of obtained nanocomposites. New materials were successfully used for manufacturing of prototype of heart assist device, with pneumatic membrane made of graphene nanocomposite.</p></div></div></div>

scholarly journals The effects of nano-sized carbon fillers on the physico-chemical, mechanical, and biological properties of polyester nanocomposites

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zygmunt Staniszewski ◽  
Peter Sobolewski ◽  
Agnieszka Piegat ◽  
Miroslawa El Fray
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Soft Segment ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Aspect Ratios ◽  
Hard Segments ◽  
Carbon Nanofillers

<p>Nanocomposites based on poly(ethylene terephthalate-ethylene dilinoleate) (PET-DLA) copolymers of different hard to soft segment ratios (40:60 and 60:40) and three different carbon nanofillers of different aspect ratios (dimensions), as 0D carbon black, 1D multiwalled carbon nanotubes, and 2D graphene, have been prepared <i>in situ</i>during two-stage polymerization. FTIR and NMR spectroscopy was used to characterize the chemical structures of the obtained nanocomposites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated very good dispersions of all carbon nanofillers in both polymer matrices. DSC results revealed that the addition of nano-sized fillers eliminated cold crystallization of materials containing 40% hard segments in polymer matrix. We found that the high aspect ratio, 1D nano-filler (multiwalled carbon nanotubes) strongly nucleated crystallization of materials containing 60% of hard segments. This nanofiller also yielded the greatest improvement in the Young’s modulus as assessed by tensile tests, both at 24 ºC and 37 ºC. On the other hand, for nanocomposites containing 2D nanofiller (graphene) we observed reduced bacterial adhesion. Finally, <i>in vitro </i>cytocompatibility tests with L929 murine fibroblasts demonstrated cell growth on all materials except nanocomposites containing carbon nanotubes, where the lowest fibroblast viability was observed.</p>

Effects of Aspect Ratio of Carbon Nanotubes on Crystallization Behavior of Polylactide Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 716 ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Zhao Hua Xu ◽  
Heng Li
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Nucleation Rate ◽  
Isothermal Crystallization ◽  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
Small Aspect Ratio ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Crystallization Behaviors ◽  
Aspect Ratios

Biodegradable polylactide (PLA) composites/pristine multiwalled carbon nanotubes (P-CNT) composites with three different aspect ratios (length to diameter) are prepared by coagulation method. Isothermal crystallization and morphology of neat PLA and its composites are further investigated to clarify the effects of aspect ratio of CNT on the crystallization behaviors of PLA in its composites. Results show that the different aspect ratio CNT exhibit substantially different effects on PLA crystallization. It is interesting to find that small aspect ratio CNT (CNT-S) greatly promotes nucleation rate than big aspect ratio CNT (CNT-L).

Aspect ratio control of acid modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1046-1052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don-Young Kim ◽  
Young Soo Yun ◽  
Hyeonseong Bak ◽  
Se Youn Cho ◽  
Hyoung-Joon Jin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon

Fabrication of flexible, transparent and conductive films from single-walled carbon nanotubes with high aspect ratio using poly((furfuryl methacrylate)-co-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate)) as a new polymeric dispersant

Nanoscale ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (15) ◽  
pp. 6745-6753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taeheon Lee ◽  
Byunghee Kim ◽  
Sumin Kim ◽  
Jong Hun Han ◽  
Heung Bae Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
High Aspect Ratio ◽  
Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Single Walled Carbon ◽  
Ethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Conductive Films ◽  
Aspect Ratios ◽  
Polymeric Dispersant ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

We synthesized p(FMA-co-DMAEMA) for the dispersion of SWCNTs while maintaining their high aspect ratios.

scholarly journals Direction Dependent Electrical Conductivity of Polymer/Carbon Filler Composites

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Kunz ◽  
Beate Krause ◽  
Bernd Kretzschmar ◽  
Levente Juhasz ◽  
Oliver Kobsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Extrusion Direction ◽  
Filler Concentration ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Carbon Filler ◽  
Aspect Ratios ◽  
Extruded Films

The method of measuring electrical volume resistivity in different directions was applied to characterize the filler orientation in melt mixed polymer composites containing different carbon fillers. For this purpose, various kinds of fillers with different geometries and aspect ratios were selected, namely carbon black (CB), graphite (G) and expanded graphite (EG), branched multiwalled carbon nanotubes (b-MWCNTs), non-branched multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). As it is well known that the shaping process also plays an important role in the achieved electrical properties, this study compares results for compression molded plates with random filler orientations in the plane as well as extruded films, which have, moreover, conductivity differences between extrusion direction and perpendicular to the plane. Additionally, the polymer matrix type (poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polyamide 6 (PA6)) and filler concentration were varied. For the electrical measurements, a device able to measure the electrical conductivity in two directions was developed and constructed. The filler orientation was analyzed using the ratio σin/th calculated as in-plane conductivity σin-plane (σin) divided by through-plane conductivity σthrough-plane (σth). The ratio σin/th is expected to increase with more pronounced filler orientation in the processing direction. In the extruded films, alignment within the plane was assigned by dividing the in-plane conductivity in the extrusion direction (x) by the in-plane conductivity perpendicular to the extrusion direction (y). The conductivity ratios depend on filler type and concentration and are higher the higher the filler aspect ratio and the closer the filler content is to the percolation concentration.

scholarly journals Electrical conductivity of polymer/carbon nanofillers composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 2045 (1) ◽  
pp. 012008
Author(s):  
S Kostromin ◽  
S Bronnikov
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
High Aspect Ratio ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanofillers ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Abstract Using a broadband dielectric spectrometry we studied the effect of carbon nanofillers (CN) with various aspect ratio (fullerene C60, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and hybrid rGO:MWCNT nanofillers) on the electrical conductivity of the polyazomethine-based nanocomposites. One-dimensional MWCNTs with high aspect ratio were shown to be the most effective CN for fabrication of polymer-based nanocomposites with enhanced electrical conductivity.

Effect of seawater ageing on interlaminar fracture toughness of carbon fiber/epoxy composites containing carbon nanofillers

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (22) ◽  
pp. 1346-1359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio Alejandro Rodríguez-González ◽  
Carlos Rubio-González ◽  
José de Jesús Ku-Herrera ◽  
Lourdes Ramos-Galicia ◽  
Carlos Velasco-Santos
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Double Cantilever Beam ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Carbon Nanofillers ◽  
Carbon Fiber Epoxy

This work reports the influence of seawater ageing on the mode I and mode II interlaminar fracture toughness ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]) of prepreg-based unidirectional carbon fiber/epoxy laminates containing carbon nanofillers. Double cantilever beam and end notched flexure specimens were fabricated from composite laminates containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes and/or reduced graphene oxide at their middle plane interface. Experimental results showed that the addition of carbon nanofillers moderately increased the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] propagation of composite laminates before and after their immersion in seawater with respect to the reference laminate under dry condition. For double cantilever beam and end notched flexure specimens aged in seawater, it was observed that [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] increased by 57% and 13% for specimens with multiwalled carbon nanotube/reduced graphene oxide hybrid combination, 39% and 4% for specimens with multiwalled carbon nanotubes and 53% and 8% for specimens with reduced graphene oxide respectively, as a consequence of the plasticization effect of seawater immersion on the matrix. Fracture surface examination by scanning electron microscopy revealed interlaminar failure associated to mode I and mode II delamination and toughening mechanisms produced by the multiwalled carbon nanotubes and reduced graphene oxide at delaminated regions of composite laminates.

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