scholarly journals The role of the vegetative part of sympathetic nervous system in development of cardiovascular complications in patients with arterial hypertension: pharmacological aspects

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
S R Gilyarevsky
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Antihypertensive Agents ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Autonomic Regulation ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
The Impact

Recently, we have determined new interest in studying the role of sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system (SANS) in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension (AH), as well as in studying the role of agents, suppressing the activity of SANS, using for AH treatment, including the usage of antihypertensive agents and non-pharmacological methods. This article discusses the changes of autonomic regulation of the cardiovascular system in patients with AH. The role of these changes in the development of the functional and structured changes of the heart and systemic vessels can be observing during long-standing AH and will lead to the development of adverse clinical outcomes. We have been showing received data, associated with the impact of non-medicated and pharmacological approaches to the autonomic regulation of the cardiovascular system.

scholarly journals The role of beta-blockers in the treatment of hypertension in 2018 ESC/ESH guidelines

2018 ◽  
pp. 96-99
Author(s):  
A. O. Konradi ◽  
L. G. Ratova ◽  
I. V. Emelyanov ◽  
A. O. Nedoshivin
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Beta Blockers ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
The World ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
New Guidelines

Arterial hypertension (AH) is the most common non­infectious disease in the world and in Russia, associated with high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In August 2018, new guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with arterial hypertension were presented at the European Congress of Cardiology. The article discusses the role of the sympathetic nervous system in the pathogenesis of hypertension and the current importance of beta­blockers in the treatment of hypertension.

scholarly journals Role of leptin in energy expenditure: the hypothalamic perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 312 (6) ◽  
pp. R938-R947 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pandit ◽  
S. Beerens ◽  
R. A. H. Adan
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Ventromedial Hypothalamus ◽  
Leptin Signaling ◽  
Hypothalamic Nuclei ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous

The adipocyte-derived hormone leptin is a peripheral signal that informs the brain about the metabolic status of an organism. Although traditionally viewed as an appetite-suppressing hormone, studies in the past decade have highlighted the role of leptin in energy expenditure. Leptin has been shown to increase energy expenditure in particular through its effects on the cardiovascular system and brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis via the hypothalamus. The current review summarizes the role of leptin signaling in various hypothalamic nuclei and its effects on the sympathetic nervous system to influence blood pressure, heart rate, and BAT thermogenesis. Specifically, the role of leptin signaling on three different hypothalamic nuclei, the dorsomedial hypothalamus, the ventromedial hypothalamus, and the arcuate nucleus, is reviewed. It is known that all of these brain regions influence the sympathetic nervous system activity and thereby regulate BAT thermogenesis and the cardiovascular system. Thus the current work focuses on how leptin signaling in specific neuronal populations within these hypothalamic nuclei influences certain aspects of energy expenditure.

scholarly journals PATHOGENETIC TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION, DEPENDING ON THE LEVEL OF SYMPATHОADRENAL SYSTEM ACTIVITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. E. Alypova ◽  
V. O. Mochonyi ◽  
L. P. Kuznetsova ◽  
N. M. Protsenko ◽  
O. Y. Vasylchenko
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Antihypertensive Treatment ◽  
Β Blocker ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Purpose of the study. Recently, new opportunities to optimize clinical efficacy and tolerability of treatment of patients with essential hypertension appeared. Determination of the indicators of increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) in practice could contribute to differentiated treatment of patients with hypertension. Comparative estimation of influence of complex treatment with bisoprolol or amlodipine on the SNS activity parameters in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) of II stage. Materials and methods. 121 patients (men and women) with documented II stage AH were examined clinically. Concentrations of adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine and DOPA in urine were evaluated by spectrochromatography, endotheliumdependent vasodilation was studied using complex rheographic ReoCom Professional (HAI-Medicom, Ukraine). Patients were divided into 2 groups: if concentration of noradrenalin in urine exceeds healthy subjects levels more than on 20% – patients were added to basic treatment (enalapril, atorvastatin, aspirin) bisoprolol, if concentration of noradrenalin in urine exceeds healthy subjects levels less than on 20% – we added amlodipine. Statistic analysis was done on Apache OpenOffice (version 4.1) and PSPP (version 0.7.9). Results. The study showed that after treatment there was significant decrease of adrenalin, noradrenalin in 1st group . Increase of DOPA levels was higher in 1st group (Δ% = +46,5 [30,0; 55,4]% vs Δ% = +8,8 [–2,1 ; 16,0]%, (p < 0,05).). Trends in daily urinary excretion of adrenaline (–44,8%) and norepinephrine (–33,7%) showed the impact of effective Δ-blocker on the activity of pressor systems. DOPA excretion was increased significantly in both groups which can indirectly indicate hemodynamic load reduction in hypertensive patients. When choosing the individual antihypertensive treatment in patients with arterial hypertension, if excretion of noradrenalin is increased it is rationally to add adjuvant therapy with β-blockers. Conclusion. The results of our research can be applied into the practice of general practitioner as recommendations for individual selection of antihypertensive treatment depending on the activity of sympathetic nervous system. Keywords: arterial hypertension, treatment, sympathetic nervous system, β-blocker, calcium antagonists.

scholarly journals Central regulation of circulation and arterial hypertension

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-79
Author(s):  
V. A. Tsyrlin
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Central Regulation ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System Activity ◽  
Nervous System Activity ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous

Modern concepts about role of autonomic nervous system central regulation disturbance in pathogenesis of arterial hypertension are analysed in this article. Also it is examined presented hypothesis. explaining the increase of sympathetic nervous system activity and depression of vagal nerve tonuson experimental pathology at animals and essential hypertension at human.

Thyroid hormone-catecholamine interrelationships during exposure to cold

1981 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Storm ◽  
C. van Hardeveld ◽  
A. A. H. Kassenaar
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Exposure To Cold ◽  
Basal Plasma ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous

Abstract. Basal plasma levels for adrenalin (A), noradrenalin (NA), l-triiodothyronine (T3), and l-thyroxine (T4) were determined in rats with a chronically inserted catheter. The experiments described in this report were started 3 days after the surgical procedure when T3 and T4 levels had returned to normal. Basal levels for the catecholamines were reached already 4 h after the operation. The T3/T4 ratio in plasma was significantly increased after 3, 7, and 14 days in rats kept at 4°C and the same holds for the iodide in the 24-h urine after 7 and 14 days at 4°C. The venous NA plasma concentration was increased 6- to 12-fold during the same period of exposure to cold, whereas the A concentration remained at the basal level. During infusion of NA at 23°C the T3/T4 ratio in plasma was significantly increased after 7 days compared to pair-fed controls, and the same holds for the iodide excretion in the 24-h urine. This paper presents further evidence for a role of the sympathetic nervous system on T4 metabolism in rats at resting conditions.

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