scholarly journals Using natural ecology to predict higher cognition in human and non-human primates

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 344-354
Author(s):  
Bennett L. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Higher Cognition ◽  
Natural Ecology

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew A. Shadle
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Social Teaching ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Pope Francis ◽  
The World ◽  
Entire Cosmos ◽  
Natural Ecology ◽  
Theological Vision ◽  
New Framework

The conclusion looks at the teaching of Pope Francis, considering the possibility that it represents the emergence of a new framework for Catholic social teaching. Pope Francis has emphasized that the encounter with Jesus Christ brings about an experience of newness and openness. He has also proposed a cosmic theological vision. His concept of “integral ecology,” introduced in his encyclical Laudato Si’, illustrates how human society is interconnected with the natural ecology of the planet earth and the entire cosmos. He proposes that the economy, society, culture, and daily life are all interconnected “ecologies.” In a speech to the World Meeting of Popular Movements in 2015, Pope Francis also explains how social movements devoted to local issues can nevertheless have a profound effect on the structures of the global economy. In his teachings, Pope Francis presents an organicist and communitarian vision of economic life.

scholarly journals Modeling the ecology of parasitic plasmids

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime G. Lopez ◽  
Mohamed S. Donia ◽  
Ned S. Wingreen
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Tragedy Of The Commons ◽  
Fitness Costs ◽  
Metapopulation Model ◽  
The Commons ◽  
Modern Biotechnology ◽  
Natural Ecology ◽  
Unique Plasmid ◽  
Competing Populations

AbstractPlasmids are autonomous genetic elements that can be exchanged between microorganisms via horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Despite the central role they play in antibiotic resistance and modern biotechnology, our understanding of plasmids’ natural ecology is limited. Recent experiments have shown that plasmids can spread even when they are a burden to the cell, suggesting that natural plasmids may exist as parasites. Here, we use mathematical modeling to explore the ecology of such parasitic plasmids. We first develop models of single plasmids and find that a plasmid’s population dynamics and optimal infection strategy are strongly determined by the plasmid’s HGT mechanism. We then analyze models of co-infecting plasmids and show that parasitic plasmids are prone to a “tragedy of the commons” in which runaway plasmid invasion severely reduces host fitness. We propose that this tragedy of the commons is averted by selection between competing populations and demonstrate this effect in a metapopulation model. We derive predicted distributions of unique plasmid types in genomes—comparison to the distribution of plasmids in a collection of 17,725 genomes supports a model of parasitic plasmids with positive plasmid–plasmid interactions that ameliorate plasmid fitness costs or promote the invasion of new plasmids.

scholarly journals The Emergence of Coercive Societies in Northwestern Scandinavia During the Late Neolithic–Early Bronze Age

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-37
Author(s):  
Knut Ivar Austvoll
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Organizational Strategy ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Natural Ecology

AbstractThis paper discusses how coastal societies in northwestern Scandinavia were able to rise in power by strategically utilizing the natural ecology and landscape in which they were situated. From two case studies (the Norwegian regions of Lista and Tananger), it is shown that it was possible to control the flow of goods up and down the coast at certain bottlenecks but that this also created an unstable society in which conflict between neighboring groups occurred often. More specifically the paper outlines an organizational strategy that may be applicable cross-culturally.

scholarly journals Patterning of frontal cortex subdivisions by Fgf17

2007 ◽  
Vol 104 (18) ◽  
pp. 7652-7657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy A. Cholfin ◽  
John L. R. Rubenstein
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Newborn Mouse ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Higher Cognition ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms

The frontal cortex (FC) is the seat of higher cognition. The genetic mechanisms that control formation of the functionally distinct subdivisions of the FC are unknown. Using a set of gene expression markers that distinguish subdivisions of the newborn mouse FC, we show that loss of Fgf17 selectively reduces the size of the dorsal FC whereas ventral/orbital FC appears normal. These changes are complemented by a rostral shift of sensory cortical areas. Thus, Fgf17 functions similar to Fgf8 in patterning the overall neocortical map but has a more selective role in regulating the properties of the dorsal but not ventral FC.

Jawa El Khash, The Upper Side of the Sky: Virtual Worlds as Sites for Ecological and Cultural Resurgence

Public ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (61) ◽  
pp. 304-307
Author(s):  
Nina Bakan
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Virtual Worlds ◽  
Natural Ecology ◽  
The Relationship

Damascus-born artist, Jawa El Khash’s immersive installation, The Upper Side of the Sky (2020), combines virtual reality and Syria’s natural ecology to confront the physically devastating impacts of war. In response to ISIS’s 2015-16 occupation of the ancient Syrian city of Palmyra, El Khash evaluates the relationship between technology and the environment to explore the ability for virtual reality to rebuild destroyed landscapes and create sites for healing.

ECoG and EEG Images in Higher Cognition

2012 ◽  
pp. 203-222
Author(s):  
Walter J. Freeman ◽  
Rodrigo Quian Quiroga
Keyword(s):  
Higher Cognition

A Surplus of Fish: Language, Literature, and Cultural Ecologies in Ng Kim Chew’s Fiction

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-141
Author(s):  
Carlos Rojas
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Sinophone Literature ◽  
Chinese Author ◽  
Natural Ecology ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Malaysian Chinese ◽  
Language Literature

Abstract This essay uses an examination of intertwined thematics of fish and text in the fiction of the ethnically Malaysian Chinese author Ng Kim Chew in order to reflect on a broader set of ecological concerns, including issues relating to the natural ecology of the Southeast Asian regions depicted in Ng’s works, together with the overlapping literary ecosystems within which his works are embedded. In particular, the essay is concerned with the ways in which Ng’s fiction reflects on the relationship between the field of Southeast Asian Sinophone literature and the partially overlapping ecosystem of world literature.

Persistent Anosmia

2021 ◽  
pp. 108-109
Author(s):  
Jean Kazez ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Proof ◽  
John Stuart Mill ◽  
Peter Singer ◽  
Higher Cognition ◽  
James Rachels

John Stuart Mill famously maintained that “animal pleasures” – like enjoying good smells and tastes – are lower quality than the pleasures tied to higher cognition, like the pleasure of enjoying an opera or understanding a mathematical proof. This downgrading is particularly common in the ethical literature about eating animals. Peter Singer, James Rachels, Gary Francione, Alastair Norcross and dozens of other ethicists make quick work of defending vegetarianism by presuming that “gustatory pleasure” is trivial. But is it?

Multispecies and Watershed Approaches to Freshwater Fish Conservation

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Monitoring ◽  
Army Corps ◽  
Ramsar Convention ◽  
Vegetation Monitoring ◽  
Flow Restoration ◽  
Wetland Complex ◽  
Conservation Organizations ◽  
Caddo Lake ◽  
Giant Salvinia ◽  
Natural Ecology

<em>Abstract</em>.—Caddo Lake, along with its swamps and tributary bayous, supports a diversity of aquatic ecosystems and has been designated a wetland of global significance by the Ramsar Convention. The life blood of Caddo Lake is the network of tributary creeks and bayous that drain into the wetland complex of the lake’s upper reaches. The ecology of the main tributary, Big Cypress Bayou, however, has been altered by flow regulation by Lake O’ the Pines dam. Additional threats from giant salvinia <em>Salvinia molesta </em>and other invasive plants, water quality impacts, and land uses have added stress to the ecosystem. Several conservation organizations, led by the Caddo Lake Institute, have formed partnerships to address these threats to the watershed. The Sustainable Rivers Program, a partnership of The Nature Conservancy and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps), has managed dam operations to enhance the natural ecology of Big Cypress Bayou and Caddo Lake downstream. The Corps has been releasing recommended flows to allow researchers to gather more information to evaluate the success of restoration efforts. Early monitoring results indicate a potential positive response of the fish community to these flow releases. We present results of flow restoration work and associated ecological monitoring. We also summarize floodplain vegetation monitoring, paddlefish restoration and invasive species management projects in Caddo Lake and the Cypress River basin.

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