A Study on Different Hurdle Factors of Nano Metal Vitamin Complex for the Prevention of Microbial Spoilage in Seafood

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 837-843
Author(s):  
Haris V T ◽  
Gobianand K
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Hurdle Technology ◽  
Large Intensity ◽  
Factor Effect ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Chilling Temperatures

Hurdles that have a positive effect by inhibiting microorganisms may have a negative one on other parameters such as nutritional properties or sensory quality, depending on their intensity. In order to lower the preservative level, the hurdle technology concept has been developed, consisting in using combined hurdles to establish an additive antimicrobial effect, and even sometimes a synergetic one, thus improving the safety and the sensory quality of food. The antibacterial and anti-oxidant potential of copper oxide nano particles coupled with vitamin-E (CuONPs+VE) was investigated by applying the novel hurdle factors against seafood pathogens and by studying the cell viability using MTT assays. The hurdle method is proposed to explain the significance of combined use of different preservation factors as synergistic effects instead of using a large-intensity preservation factor. Effect of CuONPs+VE and chilling temperatures (-18°C and +4°C); and Effect of CuONPs+VE and brine salts at various concentrations (5%, 10%,) were evaluated. CuONPs+VE with different chilling temperatures and brine salt concentration showed significant results on compared to control temperatures. Thus CuONPs+VE due to their bacteriostatic activity can be efficiently used in hurdle technology which reduces the food spoiling organisms. Thus CuONPs+VE in combined with hurdle technology can be used as alternatives for chemical preservatives in preservation techniques.

scholarly journals Space Charge Characteristics and Electrical Properties of Micro-Nano ZnO/LDPE Composites

Crystals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 481
Author(s):  
Jun-Guo Gao ◽  
Xia Li ◽  
Wen-Hua Yang ◽  
Xiao-Hong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Space Charge ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Breakdown Field ◽  
Nano Composite ◽  
Nano Zno ◽  
Additive Particles ◽  
Ldpe Composites ◽  
Short Connection

The synergistic effects of zinc oxide (ZnO) Micro/Nano particles simultaneously filled in low-density polyethylene (LDPE) on the space charge characteristics and electrical properties has been investigated by melt blending micro-scale and nanoscale ZnO additive particles into LDPE matrix to prepare Micro-ZnO, Nano-ZnO, and Micro-Nano ZnO/LDPE composites. The morphological structures of composite samples are characterized by Polarizing Light Microscopy (PLM), and the space charge accumulations and insulation performances are correlated in the analyses with Pulse Electronic Acoustic (PEA), DC breakdown field strength, and conductance tests. It is indicated that both the micro and nano ZnO fillers can introduce plenty of heterogeneous nuclei into the LDPE matrix so as to impede the LDPE spherocrystal growth and regularize the crystalline grains in neatly-arranged morphology. By filling microparticles together with nanoparticles of ZnO additives, the space charge accumulations are significantly inhibited under an applied DC voltage and the minimum initial residual charges with the slowest charge decaying rate have been achieved after an electrode short connection. While the micro-nano ZnO/LDPE composites acquire the lowest conductivity, the breakdown strengths of the ZnO/LDPE nanocomposite and micro-nano composite are, respectively, 13.7% and 3.4% higher than that of the neat LDPE material.

scholarly journals In vitro activity of allicin combined with two antibiotics on intestinal Shigella

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuchi Jia ◽  
Xiaomei Wu
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Combined Use

Abstract Objective We aimed to evaluate the combined antibacterial effects of allicin in combination with levofloxacin and ceftriaxone on Shigella isolated from the intestinal tract in vitro. Materials and Methods Using a checkerboard design, broth microdilution assay was used to test the effects of the compounds on the organism. We also determined the MIC of the two groups of antibacterial drugs against 30 strains of Shigella and calculated the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index, to judge the combination effect. Result After the combined application of allicin and ceftriaxone the MIC decreased significantly. Distribution of the FIC index was as follows: FIC ≤0.5, accounting for 10%; 0.5< FIC ≤1.0, accounting for 60%; 1 < FIC ≤2, accounting for 30%; FIC >2, percentage is zero. After combined application of allicin and levofloxacin, distribution of FIC index was as follows: FIC≤0.5, ratio is zero; 0.5< FIC ≤1, accounting for 56.7%; 1 < FIC ≤2, accounting for 43.3%; FIC >2, ratio is zero. Conclusion After the combined use of ceftriaxone, levofloxacin, and allicin, most of the tests showed synergistic effects and additive effects on Shigella, while some of them showed no correlation and no antagonistic effect.

Effectiveness of ZnO Nano Particles against the Foodborne Microbial Pathogens E. coli and S. aureus

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-94
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

In this work, various concentrations of ZnO nano particles, prepared by the coprecipitation method with a size range of 47-68 nm, have been investigated as antimicrobial agents. Dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests were carried out on two kinds of microbes (Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli) according to the standard method recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, CLSI-2015-M07-A10. The results showed that the antimicrobial effect is larger, the higher the concentration of ZnO nano particles in solution. It was also found that Gram-positive microbes are more sensitive to ZnO nano particles when compared with the Gram-negative ones. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for E. coli was found to be 50 mg/mL while that for S. aureus was 25 mg/mL. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was 1600 mg/mL for E. coli and 800 mg/mL for S. aureus.

scholarly journals Targeting the EZH2-PPAR Axis Is a Potential Therapeutic Pathway for Pancreatic Cancer

PPAR Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Jilong Hu ◽  
Zhinan Zheng ◽  
Jia Lei ◽  
Yuxin Cao ◽  
Qiyun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Cyclin D1 ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Ppar Agonist ◽  
Combined Use

Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is abnormally highly expressed in pancreatic cancer (PC). However, it is not ideal to treat PC by inhibiting EZH2. This study reported that the combined use of pan-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonist could significantly improve the anti-PC effect of EZH2 inhibitor. In vitro, PC cell lines PANC-1 and AsPC-1 were cultured, and MTT and flow cytometry were performed to observe the effects of pan-PPAR agonist bezafibrate and EZH2 selective inhibitor GSK126 on cell viability and apoptosis. In vivo, CDXs of PANC-1 and AsPC-1 were established to observe the effects of bezafibrate and GSK126 on bearing tumors. Western blotting was performed to detect the protein expressions of H3K27me3, β-catenin, p-β-catenin, cyclin D1, c-Myc, and cleaved caspase 3 in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that bezafibrate significantly improved the effects of GSK126 on proliferation inhibition and apoptosis promotion in vitro and the growth suppression of CDX tumors in vivo. It also significantly enhanced the effects of GSK126 on upregulating the expression level of p-β-catenin and that of cleaved caspase 3 in vitro and in vivo. In parallel, downregulation of the expression levels of H3K27me3, β-catenin, cyclin D1, and c-Myc was also observed in vitro or in vivo. These results suggest that the combination of bezafibrate and GSK126 has synergistic effects on PC, and the molecular mechanism may be related to the enhanced inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. We believe that targeting the EZH2-PPAR axis is a potential therapeutic pathway for PC.

scholarly journals The synergistic effects of Lactobacillus acidophillus ROO52 and Lactobacillus bulgaricus LB-12 bacteriocins against E.coli O157 :H7 in milk

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Zina Saab Khudhir
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Lactobacillus Bulgaricus ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Test Kit

        The aims of this study to evaluate the antibacterial potential of standard strains (Lactobacillus acidophilus ROO52 and Lactobacillus bulgaricus LB-12) that produce bacteriocins against E.coli O157:H7 in raw milk.  Thirty raw milk samples randomly were collected weekly different markets of Baghdad city in order to investigate the prevalence of E.coli O157:H7 in milk. The prevalence of  E.coli O157:H7 in raw milk samples was  6 out 30 (20%) by using the modern chromogenic media with serological latex agglutination test kit. The average diameter of the inhibition zone of crude bacteriocin against  E .coli O157:H7 by using combination of 1:1 (v/v) of the Lactobacillus acidophillus ROO52 and  Lactobacillus bulgaricus LB-12was (14mm) ,while that produced by bacteriocins of Lactobacillus acidophillus ROO52 and  Lactobacillus bulgaricus LB-12  independently were 16 and 12mm respectively .L. delbrucekii ssp bulgaricus showed significantly (P<0.05) low antimicrobial effect against E.coli O157 :H7 .While the strongest antimicrobial effect was shown by Lactobacillus acidophilus ROO52. The bacteriocins of the reference strains used in this study did not result in an increase in inhibition when used in combination of 1:1 (v/v).

Synergistic effects of the combined use of ozone and sodium percarbonate for the oxidative degradation of dichlorvos

2020 ◽  
pp. 101721
Author(s):  
Xiaobin Yu ◽  
Mohammadreza Kamali ◽  
Pieter Van Aken ◽  
Lise Appels ◽  
Bart Van der Bruggen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Sodium Percarbonate ◽  
Combined Use

Laboratory screening for virulent entomopathogenic nematodes (Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Steinernema yirgalemense) and fungi (Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana) and assessment of possible synergistic effects of combined use against grubs of the barley chafer Coptognathus curtipennis

Nematology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 701-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel A. Anbesse ◽  
Bekele J. Adge ◽  
Wondirad M. Gebru
Keyword(s):  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora ◽  
Insect Larvae ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Steinernema Yirgalemense

Abstract The barley chafer grub, Coptognathus curtipennis, is an important field pest of barley, wheat and linseed seedlings at Tikur Inchini district of theWest Shewa zone of Ethiopia in Ormoia regional state. Two entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN; Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Steinernema yirgalemense, strains ANEPN21, ANEPN22, respectively) and three entomopathogenic fungal isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae (MM, EE and PPRC66) were compared separately at different rates of concentration for their effect against C. curtipennis in laboratory bioassays. Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and M. anisopliae isolate MM were found to be the most pathogenic to C. curtipennis at 1000 infective juveniles (IJ)/grub and 108 conidia (g soil)–1 concentration, causing 88.7% and 88.6% mortality, respectively, after 3-4 weeks exposure. These two most effective entomopathogens were further tested against the same insect in simultaneous and sequential combination with each other. Insect larvae were exposed to optimal concentration of H. bacteriophora and M. anisopliae isolate MM, which caused 50% larval mortality, i.e., 380 IJ/grub and 1.7 × 107 conidia (g soil)–1, respectively, as observed in the first experiments. The combined application increased larval mortality in an additive and synergistic manner. To achieve a strong synergistic effect, larva had to be exposed to M. anisopliae isolate MM 3 weeks before the addition of nematodes. The result of the whole experiment suggests that the damage caused by barley chafer grub can be controlled or managed by applying EPN and/or fungi. Furthermore, the combined use of M. anisopliae with nematodes may offer an integrated approach to increase the efficacy of EPN for C. curtipennis control and perhaps other insect pests.

scholarly journals Antioxidants From the Class of Polyphenols, NAC and Vitamin C Act Differently on Amyloid Fibril Formation by Two Human Cystatins: Stefin B and Cystatin C.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alma Jahic Mujkic ◽  
Samra Hasanbasic ◽  
Magda Tušek Žnidarič ◽  
Selma Berbic ◽  
Eva Zerovnik
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Cystatin C ◽  
Amyloid Fibril ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Fibril Formation ◽  
Homologous Proteins ◽  
Amyloid Fibril Formation ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Amyloid Fibrillation ◽  
Anti Oxidant

We compare the effect on amyloid fibril formation by two homologous proteins from the family of cystatins, human stefin B (stB) and cystatin C (cysC) in presence of 3 polyphenols: curcumin, resveratrol and quercetin and 2 non-phenolic anti-oxidants: vitamin C (VitC) and N-acetyl cystein (NAC). Some of the experimental data have already been presented, here we compare, further discuss and highlight the results. The amyloid fibril formation was followed by ThT fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. Inhibitory effects on amyloid fibrillation reaction depended on anti-oxidant class and concentration. The fact that different effect of polyphenols was observed with the two cystatins; Cur acted inhibitory on stB but not on cysC fibril formation, could be explained if the 3 polyphenols would not bind to the same binding site in the fibrils core. Other differences are pointed out and discussed. Synergistic effects of VitC and chosen polyphenols on amyloid fibrilllation of human stB have been explored and are reported here for the first time.

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