On maintaining successful treatment outcomes in interdisciplinary multimodal pain treatment

Introduction. Tuberculosis poses a great threat to public health around the globe and affects persons mostly in their productive age, notwithstanding; everyone is susceptible to tuberculosis (TB) infection. To assess the effectiveness and performance of the tuberculosis control program activities, the percentage of cases with treatment success outcome is key. To control tuberculosis, interrupting transmission through effective treatment cannot be overemphasized. The study was conducted to determine factors associated with TB treatment outcome, in the Atwima Nwabiagya District from 2007–2017. Method. A Retrospective review of routine/standard TB registers was carried out in five directly observed therapy short-course (DOTS) centres at the Atwima Nwabiagya District from January 2007 to December 2017. Demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes were assessed. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was conducted to determine the predictors of successful treatment outcome. Results. Of the 891 TB client’s data that was assessed in the district, the treatment success rate was 68.46%. Patients, aged ≤ 20 years (adjusted odds ratio aOR = 4.74 , 95 % CI = 1.75 − 12.83 ) and 51-60 years ( aOR = 1.94 , 95 % CI = 1.12 − 3.39 ), having a pretreatment weight of 35-45 kg ( aOR = 2.54 , 95 % CI = 1.32 − 4.87 ), 46-55 kg ( aOR = 2.75 , 95 % CI = 1.44 − 5.27 ) and 56-65 kg ( aOR = 3.04 , 95 % CI = 1.50 − 6.14 ) were associated with treatment success. However, retreatment patients ( aOR = 0.31 , 95 % CI = 0.11 − 0.84 ) resulted in unsuccessful treatment outcome. Conclusion. Successful treatment outcome among TB patients was about 20.00% and 30.00% lower compared to the national average treatment success rate and WHO target, respectively. Active monitoring, motivation, and counselling of retreatment patients and patients with advanced age are key to treatment success.

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Treatment outcomes of patients with tuberculosis in war affected region of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

10.21203/rs.2.9219/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

TAUSEEF AHMAD ◽

Muhammad Ayub Jadoon ◽

Muhammad Khan ◽

Haroon ◽

Muhammad Mumtaz Khan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Treatment Outcome ◽

Success Rate ◽

Treatment Outcomes ◽

Successful Treatment ◽

Treatment Success ◽

Control Program ◽

Treatment Success Rate ◽

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽

Tb Treatment ◽

Treatment Category

Abstract Background: Globally, tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death from a single infectious disease. TB treatment outcome is an indicator for the effectiveness of a national TB control program. This study aimed to assess treatment outcomes of TB patients and its determinants in Batkhela, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was designed using all TB patients who were enrolled at District Head Quarter (DHQ) Hospital Batkhela, Pakistan, from January 2011 to December 2014. A binary logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with successful TB treatment outcomes defined as the sum of cure and completed treatment. Results: A total of 515 TB patients were registered, of which 237 (46%) were males and 278 (53.98%) females. Of all patients, 234 (45.44%) were cured and 210 (40.77%) completed treatment. The overall treatment success rate was 444 (86.21%). Age 0-20 years (adjusted odds ratio, AOR= 3.47; 95% confidence interval, CI)= 1.54-7.81; P= 0.003), smear-positive pulmonary TB (AOR)= 3.58; 95% CI= 1.89-6.78; P= <0.001), treatment category (AOR= 4.71; 95% CI= 1.17-18.97; P= 0.029), and year of enrollment 2012 (AOR= 6.26; 95% CI= 2.52-15.59; P= <0.001) were significantly associated with successful treatment outcome. Conclusions: The overall treatment success rate is satisfactory but still need to be improved to achieve the international targeted treatment outcome. Type of TB, age, treatment category, and year of enrollment were significantly associated with successful treatment outcomes.

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Childhood TB in Myanmar: trends in notification, profile and treatment outcomes in the private sector

Public Health Action ◽

10.5588/pha.19.0011 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 135-141

Author(s):

S. K. Thein ◽

S. Satyanarayana ◽

K. W. Y. Kyaw ◽

S. Saw ◽

T. N. Maung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Private Sector ◽

Treatment Outcomes ◽

Successful Treatment ◽

Treatment Rate ◽

National Tuberculosis ◽

Childhood Tb ◽

Public Private Mix ◽

Lost To Follow Up ◽

Annual Decline

Setting: Myanmar National Tuberculosis (TB) programme (NTP).Objective: To describe 1) the trends in childhood TB (aged 14 years) notification from 2014 to 2017 and quantify the private sector contribution to this notification; and 2) the profile and treatment outcomes of childhood TB managed in the private sector in 2016.Study design: This was an observational study involving the review of routine records and reports of the NTP public-private mix (PPM) projects managed by the Myanmar Medical Association and Population Service International.Results: The total number of childhood TB notified has declined from 36 314 in 2014 to 28 723 in 2017 (average annual decline = 2607 cases per year). The private sector contribution to the notification remained between 17% and 19%. Of the 5616 childhood TB cases diagnosed and treated under the two PPM projects in 2016, 99% were clinically diagnosed and 5459 (97.7%) had successful treatment outcomes. Children aged 10 years, males, those with bacteriologically confirmed TB, those treated in the regions or states of Mandalay, Chin and Shan had a higher risk of an unfavourable outcome (lost to follow-up, death, move to second-line treatment and not evaluated).Conclusion: Childhood TB notification is showing a declining trend. One of five notified childhood TB cases was diagnosed and treated in the private sector, where the successful treatment rate was high.

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Treatment success and mortality among adults with tuberculosis in rural eastern Uganda: a retrospective cohort study

10.21203/rs.2.20648/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jonathan Izudi ◽

Imelda K. Tamwesigire ◽

Francis Bajunirwe

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Success Rate ◽

Treatment Outcomes ◽

Successful Treatment ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Treatment Success ◽

Treatment Success Rate ◽

Reduce Mortality Rate ◽

Eastern Uganda

Abstract Background: Successful treatment of tuberculosis leads to clinical and public health benefits such as reduction in transmission, complications, and mortality among patients. However, data are limited on treatment outcomes and the associated factors among persons with bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary (BC-PTB) in rural areas of high dual tuberculosis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) burden countries such as Uganda. We investigated factors associated with successful treatment of tuberculosis and mortality among adult persons with BC-PTB in rural eastern Uganda. Methods: We constructed a retrospective cohort of persons with BC-PTB from a routine tuberculosis clinic database in eastern Uganda. We performed bivariate and multivariate analysis. Using a 5% level of significance, we ran a modified Poisson regression analysis to determine factors independently associated with treatment success and mortality rates. Results: We retrieved 1,123 records for persons with BC-PTB and the treatment outcomes were distributed as follows: 477(42.5%) cured, 323 (28.0%) treatment completed, 17(1.5%) treatment failed, 81(7.2%) died, 89(7.9%) lost to follow-up, and 136(12.1%) not evaluated. Overall, 800 (81.1%) of the 987 persons with BC-PTB that had treatment outcome, were successfully treated. Successful treatment of tuberculosis was less likely to occur among those with HIV infection (Adjusted risk ratio (aRR), 0.88; 95% Confidence Interval (CI), 0.82-0.95), older than 50 years (aRR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.81-0.97), or male sex (aRR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.87-0.98). Mortality was associated with HIV infection (aRR, 4.48; 95% CI, 2.95-6.79), older than 50 years (aRR, 2.93; 95% CI, 1.74-4.92), year of enrollment into treatment after 2015 (aRR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.66-0.97), and Community-Based Directly Observed Therapy Short Course (aRR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.13-0.50). Conclusions: Treatment success rate among adult persons with BC-PTB in rural eastern Uganda is suboptimal and mortality rate is high. HIV infection and older age reduce chances of treatment success, and increase mortality rate. Older and HIV infected persons with BC-PTB will require special consideration to optimize treatment success rate and reduce mortality rate.

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Treatment outcomes and factors associated with “successful treatment” among tuberculosis patients at peripheral health settings of Northern Ethiopia: a registry-based retrospective case-series analysis.

10.21203/rs.2.11942/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Mahmud Abdulkader ◽

Ischa van Aken ◽

Selam Sahle Niguse ◽

Haftamu Hailekiros ◽

Mark Spigt

Keyword(s):

Treatment Outcome ◽

Treatment Outcomes ◽

Successful Treatment ◽

Treatment Success ◽

Case Series ◽

Northern Ethiopia ◽

Multinomial Regression ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Objective Evidence

Abstract Objective Evidence on treatment outcomes and identifying factors facilitating treatment success through a register based retrospective study have significant contribution in the improvement of a National Tuberculosis Program. However there is a scarcity of data from peripheral health settings in Ethiopia. Therefore this study was aimed at determining treatment outcomes and factors associated with “successful treatment” outcomes among tuberculosis patients.Results A total of 3445 patient records were included. More than half, (58%) were males and the mean age was 33.88 ± 16.91 (range: 0-90). Majority, 1471 (42.7%) had extra-pulmonary TB. From the total TB patients, 18.8% were HIV co infected. The overall treatment success rate was 89.5%. The treatment outcome of TB patients were 371 (10.8%) cured, 2234 (64.8) treatment completed, died 119 (3.5%) died, 9 (0.3%) failed, 178 (5.1%) defaulted and 534 (15.5%) were transferred out. A successful treatment outcome was achieved in 2605 (89.3%). Multinomial regression analysis revealed that being new treatment case (AOR 1.76; 95% CI: 1.19 to 2.60, p=0.005) and age less than 17 years old (AOR 1.65; 95% CI: 1.01 to 2.68, p=0.045) to be statistically associated with favorable treatment outcome.

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