scholarly journals Treatment success and mortality among adults with tuberculosis in rural eastern Uganda: a retrospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Izudi ◽  
Imelda K. Tamwesigire ◽  
Francis Bajunirwe
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Successful Treatment ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Treatment Success Rate ◽  
Reduce Mortality Rate ◽  
Eastern Uganda

Abstract Background: Successful treatment of tuberculosis leads to clinical and public health benefits such as reduction in transmission, complications, and mortality among patients. However, data are limited on treatment outcomes and the associated factors among persons with bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary (BC-PTB) in rural areas of high dual tuberculosis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) burden countries such as Uganda. We investigated factors associated with successful treatment of tuberculosis and mortality among adult persons with BC-PTB in rural eastern Uganda. Methods: We constructed a retrospective cohort of persons with BC-PTB from a routine tuberculosis clinic database in eastern Uganda. We performed bivariate and multivariate analysis. Using a 5% level of significance, we ran a modified Poisson regression analysis to determine factors independently associated with treatment success and mortality rates. Results: We retrieved 1,123 records for persons with BC-PTB and the treatment outcomes were distributed as follows: 477(42.5%) cured, 323 (28.0%) treatment completed, 17(1.5%) treatment failed, 81(7.2%) died, 89(7.9%) lost to follow-up, and 136(12.1%) not evaluated. Overall, 800 (81.1%) of the 987 persons with BC-PTB that had treatment outcome, were successfully treated. Successful treatment of tuberculosis was less likely to occur among those with HIV infection (Adjusted risk ratio (aRR), 0.88; 95% Confidence Interval (CI), 0.82-0.95), older than 50 years (aRR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.81-0.97), or male sex (aRR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.87-0.98). Mortality was associated with HIV infection (aRR, 4.48; 95% CI, 2.95-6.79), older than 50 years (aRR, 2.93; 95% CI, 1.74-4.92), year of enrollment into treatment after 2015 (aRR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.66-0.97), and Community-Based Directly Observed Therapy Short Course (aRR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.13-0.50). Conclusions: Treatment success rate among adult persons with BC-PTB in rural eastern Uganda is suboptimal and mortality rate is high. HIV infection and older age reduce chances of treatment success, and increase mortality rate. Older and HIV infected persons with BC-PTB will require special consideration to optimize treatment success rate and reduce mortality rate.

scholarly journals Treatment Outcomes and Associated Factors in Tuberculosis Patients at Atwima Nwabiagya District, Ashanti Region, Ghana: A Ten-Year Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Sadick Ahmed Agyare ◽  
Francis Adjei Osei ◽  
Samuel Frimpong Odoom ◽  
Nicholas Karikari Mensah ◽  
Ernest Amanor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Successful Treatment ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Treatment Success Rate ◽  
Directly Observed Therapy ◽  
Active Monitoring ◽  
Successful Treatment Outcome ◽  
Unsuccessful Treatment

Introduction. Tuberculosis poses a great threat to public health around the globe and affects persons mostly in their productive age, notwithstanding; everyone is susceptible to tuberculosis (TB) infection. To assess the effectiveness and performance of the tuberculosis control program activities, the percentage of cases with treatment success outcome is key. To control tuberculosis, interrupting transmission through effective treatment cannot be overemphasized. The study was conducted to determine factors associated with TB treatment outcome, in the Atwima Nwabiagya District from 2007–2017. Method. A Retrospective review of routine/standard TB registers was carried out in five directly observed therapy short-course (DOTS) centres at the Atwima Nwabiagya District from January 2007 to December 2017. Demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes were assessed. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was conducted to determine the predictors of successful treatment outcome. Results. Of the 891 TB client’s data that was assessed in the district, the treatment success rate was 68.46%. Patients, aged ≤ 20 years (adjusted odds ratio aOR = 4.74 , 95 % CI = 1.75 − 12.83 ) and 51-60 years ( aOR = 1.94 , 95 % CI = 1.12 − 3.39 ), having a pretreatment weight of 35-45 kg ( aOR = 2.54 , 95 % CI = 1.32 − 4.87 ), 46-55 kg ( aOR = 2.75 , 95 % CI = 1.44 − 5.27 ) and 56-65 kg ( aOR = 3.04 , 95 % CI = 1.50 − 6.14 ) were associated with treatment success. However, retreatment patients ( aOR = 0.31 , 95 % CI = 0.11 − 0.84 ) resulted in unsuccessful treatment outcome. Conclusion. Successful treatment outcome among TB patients was about 20.00% and 30.00% lower compared to the national average treatment success rate and WHO target, respectively. Active monitoring, motivation, and counselling of retreatment patients and patients with advanced age are key to treatment success.

scholarly journals Treatment outcomes of patients with tuberculosis in war affected region of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
TAUSEEF AHMAD ◽  
Muhammad Ayub Jadoon ◽  
Muhammad Khan ◽  
Haroon ◽  
Muhammad Mumtaz Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Successful Treatment ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Treatment Success Rate ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Treatment Category

Abstract Background: Globally, tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death from a single infectious disease. TB treatment outcome is an indicator for the effectiveness of a national TB control program. This study aimed to assess treatment outcomes of TB patients and its determinants in Batkhela, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was designed using all TB patients who were enrolled at District Head Quarter (DHQ) Hospital Batkhela, Pakistan, from January 2011 to December 2014. A binary logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with successful TB treatment outcomes defined as the sum of cure and completed treatment. Results: A total of 515 TB patients were registered, of which 237 (46%) were males and 278 (53.98%) females. Of all patients, 234 (45.44%) were cured and 210 (40.77%) completed treatment. The overall treatment success rate was 444 (86.21%). Age 0-20 years (adjusted odds ratio, AOR= 3.47; 95% confidence interval, CI)= 1.54-7.81; P= 0.003), smear-positive pulmonary TB (AOR)= 3.58; 95% CI= 1.89-6.78; P= <0.001), treatment category (AOR= 4.71; 95% CI= 1.17-18.97; P= 0.029), and year of enrollment 2012 (AOR= 6.26; 95% CI= 2.52-15.59; P= <0.001) were significantly associated with successful treatment outcome. Conclusions: The overall treatment success rate is satisfactory but still need to be improved to achieve the international targeted treatment outcome. Type of TB, age, treatment category, and year of enrollment were significantly associated with successful treatment outcomes.

scholarly journals 1342. Impact of HIV Infection on Treatment Outcome of New Tuberculosis Patients Attending Tuberculosis and Antiretroviral Treatment Services in the Community-Based Hospital, Thailand: A Retrospective Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S485-S486
Author(s):  
Subencha Pinsai
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Treatment Success Rate ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV are one of the significant public health problems in Thailand, and an estimated 15,000 individuals have a dual infection. Both HIV and TB each disease speeds up the progression of each other. TB is the leading cause of death in HIV-infected individuals, and HIV coinfected TB patients have disease-specific, and treatment affected their treatment outcomes. There is insufficient evidence on issues of TB and HIV co-infection patients received treatment. This study aimed to assess the impact of HIV status on treatment outcome of TB patients. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study among TB patients who registered to service at Chaophraya Abhaibhubejhr Hospital, Prachin Buri, Thailand from October 1, 2017 to October 31, 2018. All patients’ demographic data, diagnosis, and treatment were retrieved. Clinical characteristics, treatment outcome, and factors associated with treatment outcome were analyzed. Results There were 49 (10.65%) HIV among 460 TB patients with a median (IQR) age of 44 (32–61) years old and 65.2% were males. Disseminated TB and extrapulmonary TB were higher in HIV coinfected group (P < 0.001). All pulmonary TB patients’ lower lobe involvement was higher in HIV coinfected group (62.50 vs. 36.00, P = 0.001). In HIV coinfected group median CD4 was 134 cell/mm3 (IQR 19–294), 66.67% were diagnosed HIV infection after TB diagnosis, the median time from TB diagnosed to antiretroviral was 29 days (IQR 21–48). The overall treatment success rate was 93.04%; the treatment success rate was similar in HIV coinfected TB patients (89.80%) and non- HIV-infected patients (93.43%) (P = 0.66).Adverse drug reactions were higher in HIV coinfected group (44.89% vs 12.41%) (P < 0.001). By multiple stepwise logistic regression, factors associated with anti-TB drug adverse reactions were having HIV infection (OR 7.99; 95% CI 3.73–17.10, P < 0.001), Age >60 years (OR 2.64; 95% CI 1.43–4.87, P = 0.002) and female sex (OR 1.97; 95% CI 1.11–3.52, P = 0.02). Conclusion There is a high TB treatment success rate among patients who have treated for TB, but adverse drug events in HIV co-infected TB patients is higher than that observed in non-HIV-infected patients. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Treatment outcomes of patients with tuberculosis in war affected region of Khyber Paktunkhwa, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
TAUSEEF AHMAD ◽  
Muhammad Ayub Jadoon ◽  
Muhammad Khan ◽  
Muhammad Mumtaz Khan ◽  
Akbar Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Successful Treatment ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Treatment Success Rate ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Treatment Category

Abstract Background: Globally, tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death from a single infectious disease. TB treatment outcome is an indicator for the effectiveness of a national TB control program. This study aimed to assess treatment outcomes of TB patients and its determinants in Batkhela, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was designed using all TB patients who were enrolled at District Head Quarter (DHQ) Hospital Batkhela, Pakistan, from January 2011 to December 2014. A multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with successful TB treatment outcomes defined as the sum of cure and completed treatment. Results: A total of 515 TB patients were registered, of which 237 (46%) were males and 278 (53.98%) females. Of all patients, 234 (45.44%) were cured and 210 (40.77%) completed treatment. The overall treatment success rate was 444 (86.21%). Age 0-20 years (adjusted odds ratio, AOR= 3.47; 95% confidence interval, CI)= 1.54-7.81; P= 0.003), smear-positive pulmonary TB (AOR)= 3.58; 95% CI= 1.89-6.78; P= <0.001), treatment category (AOR= 4.71; 95% CI= 1.17-18.97; P= 0.029), and year of enrollment 2012 (AOR= 6.26; 95% CI= 2.52-15.59; P= <0.001) were significantly associated with successful treatment outcome. Conclusions: The overall treatment success rate is satisfactory but still need to be improved to achieve the international targeted treatment outcome. Type of TB, age, treatment category, and year of enrollment were significantly associated with successful treatment outcomes.

scholarly journals Treatment outcomes and their trend among tuberculosis patients treated at peripheral health settings of Northern Ethiopia Between 2009-2014: a registry-based retrospective analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmud Abdulkader ◽  
Ischa van Aken ◽  
Selam Sahle Niguse ◽  
Haftamu Hailekiros ◽  
Mark Spigt
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Successful Treatment ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Treatment Success Rate ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Objective Evidence

Abstract Objective: Evidence on treatment outcomes and their trend analysis through a register based retrospective study have significant contributions in the improvement of a national tuberculosis program. This study was aimed at determining tuberculosis treatment outcomes and their trend analysis. Results: A total of 3445 patient records were included. More than half, (58%) were males and the mean age was 33.88 ± 16.91 years (range: 0-90). From the total TB patients, 18.8% were HIV co infected. The treatment outcome of TB patients were 371 (10.8%) cured, 2234 (64.8) treatment completed, died 119 (3.5%) died, 9 (0.3%) failed, 178 (5.1%) defaulted and 534 (15.5%) were transferred out. The overall treatment success rate was 89.5%. When assessed on yearly basis, treatment success rate was 87% in year 2009-2010 to 92.8% in 2013-2014 with 6.67% change in the outcome indicator over the five years period. Among pulmonary TB, pulmonary negative TB and extra pulmonary TB, the rate of successful treatment outcome was 83.1% to 89%, 85.1% to 89.4%, and 87.4% to 92%, respectively in the year 2009-2010 to 2013-2014. The percentage of the overall successful treatment outcomes were significantly associated with the year of treatment (p=0.014).

scholarly journals Treatment success and mortality among adults with tuberculosis in rural eastern Uganda: a retrospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Izudi ◽  
Imelda K. Tamwesigire ◽  
Francis Bajunirwe
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Successful Treatment ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Directly Observed Therapy ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Eastern Uganda

Abstract Background Successful treatment of tuberculosis leads to clinical and public health benefits such as reduction in transmission, complications, and mortality among patients. However, data are limited on treatment outcomes and the associated factors among persons with bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary (BC-PTB) in rural areas of high tuberculosis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) burden countries such as Uganda. We investigated factors associated with successful treatment of tuberculosis and mortality among adult persons with BC-PTB in rural eastern Uganda.Methods We constructed a retrospective cohort of patients with BC-PTB from a routine tuberculosis clinic database in eastern Uganda. We performed bivariate and multivariate analysis. Using a 5% level of significance, we used the modified Poisson regression analysis to determine factors independently associated with treatment success and mortality.Results We retrieved 1,123 patient records. Of these, 477(42.5%) had a cure, 323 (28.0%) had treatment completion, 17(1.5%) had failed treatment, 81(7.2%) had died, 89(7.9%) were lost to follow-up, and 136(12.1%) had missing treatment outcome. Overall, 800 (81.1%) of the 987 persons with BC-PTB that had an outcome, were successfully treated. Successful treatment of tuberculosis was less likely to occur among those with HIV infection (Adjusted risk ratio (aRR), 0.88; 95% Confidence Interval (CI), 0.82-0.95), older than 50 years (aRR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.81-0.97), or male (aRR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.87-0.98). Mortality was associated with HIV infection (aRR, 4.48; 95% CI, 2.95-6.79), older than 50 years (aRR, 2.93; 95% CI, 1.74-4.92), year of enrollment into treatment from 2015 (aRR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.66-0.97), and Community-Based Directly Observed Therapy Short Course (aRR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.13-0.50).Conclusions Treatment success rate among adult persons with BC-PTB in rural eastern Uganda is suboptimal and mortality is high. HIV infection and older age reduce the chance of successful treatment of tuberculosis, and increase risk of mortality. Older and HIV infected persons with BC-PTB will require special consideration to optimize treatment success and reduce risk of mortality.

scholarly journals Treatment outcomes and factors associated with “successful treatment” among tuberculosis patients at peripheral health settings of Northern Ethiopia: a registry-based retrospective case-series analysis.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmud Abdulkader ◽  
Ischa van Aken ◽  
Selam Sahle Niguse ◽  
Haftamu Hailekiros ◽  
Mark Spigt
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Successful Treatment ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Treatment Success Rate ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Objective Evidence

Abstract Objective: Evidence on treatment outcomes and identifying factors facilitating treatment success through a register based retrospective study have significant contribution in the improvement of a national tuberculosis program. This study was aimed at determining treatment outcomes and factors associated with “successful treatment” outcomes. Results: A total of 3445 patient records were included. More than half, (58%) were males and the mean age was 33.88 ± 16.91 years (range: 0-90). From the total TB patients, 18.8% were HIV co infected. The treatment outcome of TB patients were 371 (10.8%) cured, 2234 (64.8) treatment completed, died 119 (3.5%) died, 9 (0.3%) failed, 178 (5.1%) defaulted and 534 (15.5%) were transferred out. The overall treatment success rate was 89.5%. The overall treatment success rate was 87% in year 2009-2010 to 92.8% in 2013-2014 with 6.67% change in the outcome indicator over the five years period. Among pulmonary TB, pulmonary negative TB and extra pulmonary TB the rate of successful treatment outcome was 83.1% to 89%, 85.1% to 89.4%, and 87.4% to 92%, respectively in the year 2009-2010 to 2013-2014. The percentage of the overall successful treatment outcomes were significantly associated with the year of treatment (p- =0.014).

scholarly journals Treatment outcomes and their trend among tuberculosis patients treated at peripheral health settings of Northern Ethiopia between 2009 and 2014: a registry-based retrospective analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmud Abdulkader ◽  
Ischa van Aken ◽  
Selam Niguse ◽  
Haftamu Hailekiros ◽  
Mark Spigt
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Successful Treatment ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Treatment Success Rate ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Successful Treatment Outcome

Abstract Objective Evidence on treatment outcomes and their trend analysis through a register based retrospective study have significant contributions in the improvement of a national tuberculosis program. This study was aimed at determining tuberculosis treatment outcomes and their trend analysis. Results A total of 3445 patient records were included. More than half (58%) were males and the mean age was 33.88 ± 16.91 years (range 0–90). From the total TB patients, 18.8% were HIV co infected. The treatment outcome of TB patients were 371 (10.8%) cured, 2234 (64.8) treatment completed, 119 (3.5%) died, 9 (0.3%) failed, 178 (5.1%) defaulted and 534 (15.5%) were transferred out. The overall treatment success rate was 89.5%. When assessed on yearly basis, treatment success rate was 87% in year 2009–2010 to 92.8% in 2013–2014 with 6.67% change in the outcome indicator over the 5 years period. Among pulmonary TB, pulmonary negative TB and extra pulmonary TB, the rate of successful treatment outcome was 83.1% to 89%, 85.1% to 89.4%, and 87.4% to 92%, respectively in the year 2009–2010 to 2013–2014. The percentage of the overall successful treatment outcomes were significantly associated with the year of treatment (p = 0.014).

scholarly journals Treatment success and mortality among adults with tuberculosis in rural eastern Uganda: a retrospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Izudi ◽  
Imelda K. Tamwesigire ◽  
Francis Bajunirwe
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Successful Treatment ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Directly Observed Therapy ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Eastern Uganda

Abstract Background Successful treatment of tuberculosis leads to clinical and public health benefits such as reduction in transmission, complications, and mortality among patients. However, data are limited on treatment outcomes and the associated factors among persons with bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary (BC-PTB) in rural areas of high tuberculosis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) burden countries such as Uganda. We investigated factors associated with successful treatment of tuberculosis and mortality among adult persons with BC-PTB in rural eastern Uganda. Methods We constructed a retrospective cohort of patients with BC-PTB from a routine tuberculosis clinic database in eastern Uganda. We performed bivariate and multivariate analysis. Using a 5% level of significance, we used the modified Poisson regression analysis to determine factors independently associated with treatment success and mortality. Results We retrieved 1,123 patient records. Of these, 477(42.5%) had a cure, 323 (28.0%) had treatment completion, 17(1.5%) had failed treatment, 81(7.2%) had died, 89(7.9%) were lost to follow-up, and 136(12.1%) had missing treatment outcome. Overall, 800 (81.1%) of the 987 persons with BC-PTB that had an outcome, were successfully treated. Successful treatment of tuberculosis was less likely to occur among those with HIV infection (Adjusted risk ratio (aRR), 0.88; 95% Confidence Interval (CI), 0.82-0.95), older than 50 years (aRR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.81-0.97), or male (aRR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.87-0.98). Mortality was associated with HIV infection (aRR, 4.48; 95% CI, 2.95-6.79), older than 50 years (aRR, 2.93; 95% CI, 1.74-4.92), year of enrollment into treatment from 2015 (aRR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.66-0.97), and Community-Based Directly Observed Therapy Short Course (aRR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.13-0.50). Conclusions Treatment success rate among adult persons with BC-PTB in rural eastern Uganda is suboptimal and mortality is high. HIV infection and older age reduce the chance of successful treatment of tuberculosis, and increase risk of mortality. Older and HIV infected persons with BC-PTB will require special consideration to optimize treatment success and reduce risk of mortality.

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