scholarly journals Beyond recovery: Measuring ventilation strategies and their impact on energy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilesh Bakshi ◽  
Michael Donn ◽  
S Ganda ◽  
J Wallace
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Architectural Practice ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Building Simulations ◽  
Expected Performance ◽  
Ventilation Strategies ◽  
Existing Housing

Working with a medium scale, research-focused architectural practice this paper measures the efficacy of balanced pressure heat recovery ventilation systems (BPHR systems) in the existing housing stock as a strategy to mitigate thermal heat loss when incorporating ventilation strategies in New Zealand. Current research indicates that BPHR systems boast an efficiency upwards of 80%. The aim of this research is to determine at what point do BPHR systems meet current claims of efficiency. An examination of the existing New Zealand housing stock identifies that 66% of all dwellings do not meet thermal performance requirements. This has been attributed, in part, to the governance of legislation of minimum performance, which did not exist until 1978. This paper, first, identifies building simulation measures and assumptions to accurately simulate BPHR systems in controlled conditions, which is quality assured against the expected performance of a conventional code minimum residential building and a range of models that represent a spectrum of building leakage for pre-legislation buildings. This paper then examines passive ventilation strategies in each model to identify the energy balance of using BPHR systems and the potential for heating energy loss when implementing simpler ventilation strategies. This study identifies that the efficiency of BPHR systems significantly differ in the pre-legislation building simulations. In these models, the building leakage alone renders heat recovery negligible in comparison to simple passive design and occupant-controlled measures thatm achieve a similar result for the indoor air quality.

scholarly journals Beyond recovery: Measuring ventilation strategies and their impact on energy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilesh Bakshi ◽  
Michael Donn ◽  
S Ganda ◽  
J Wallace
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Architectural Practice ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Building Simulations ◽  
Expected Performance ◽  
Ventilation Strategies ◽  
Existing Housing

Working with a medium scale, research-focused architectural practice this paper measures the efficacy of balanced pressure heat recovery ventilation systems (BPHR systems) in the existing housing stock as a strategy to mitigate thermal heat loss when incorporating ventilation strategies in New Zealand. Current research indicates that BPHR systems boast an efficiency upwards of 80%. The aim of this research is to determine at what point do BPHR systems meet current claims of efficiency. An examination of the existing New Zealand housing stock identifies that 66% of all dwellings do not meet thermal performance requirements. This has been attributed, in part, to the governance of legislation of minimum performance, which did not exist until 1978. This paper, first, identifies building simulation measures and assumptions to accurately simulate BPHR systems in controlled conditions, which is quality assured against the expected performance of a conventional code minimum residential building and a range of models that represent a spectrum of building leakage for pre-legislation buildings. This paper then examines passive ventilation strategies in each model to identify the energy balance of using BPHR systems and the potential for heating energy loss when implementing simpler ventilation strategies. This study identifies that the efficiency of BPHR systems significantly differ in the pre-legislation building simulations. In these models, the building leakage alone renders heat recovery negligible in comparison to simple passive design and occupant-controlled measures thatm achieve a similar result for the indoor air quality.

scholarly journals Enriching the Envelope Experience

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Emily Martin
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Design Strategy ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
Net Zero ◽  
Healthcare Crisis ◽  
Zero Carbon ◽  
Research Outcome ◽  
Housing Typology ◽  
Existing Housing

<p><b>Enriching the Envelope Experience is a design strategy for an external retrofit to revitalise existing housing. The aim is to create warmer, drier, healthier homes without having to displace the occupants.</b></p> <p>For many New Zealander’s, inefficient housing is negatively affecting occupant health and wellbeing.</p> <p>Preventable health issues place pressure on healthcare systems, costing valuable resources. The climate, housing, and healthcare crisis desperately require improvements to existing housing for warmer, healthier, and happier homes. Currently, the design of New Zealand housing is inefficient for climate resulting in uncomfortable living conditions. There is a global dependence on finite resources, and the ongoing resource use will reach capacity. Desperate attention to the environmental and economic impact is needed to sustain the precious resources. NewZealand is obligated to reach the 2050 climate goals.</p> <p>The design of buildings needs attention to mitigate the 39% carbon emissions by the construction industry and achieve net-zero carbon housing goals.</p> <p>Lengthy rebuilds require displacing people from their homes and communities and increase the demand for housing and resources. The demolition and rebuild further adds to the significant waste issue.</p> <p>Therefore, there is an opportunity to improve the existing housing stock as a readily available resource.</p> <p>The 1940s-1960s State House is a standardized housing typology mass-produced in New Zealand, and often of poor condition, it was an appropriate site to investigate for a retrofit design strategy.</p> <p>A design framework informed by sustainable design standards, case studies and understanding of the 1940s-1960s house typology directed the design process. The research outcome resulted in an external wall design strategy to improve the occupants’ home experience.</p>

scholarly journals Enriching the Envelope Experience

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Emily Martin
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Design Strategy ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
Net Zero ◽  
Healthcare Crisis ◽  
Zero Carbon ◽  
Research Outcome ◽  
Housing Typology ◽  
Existing Housing

<p><b>Enriching the Envelope Experience is a design strategy for an external retrofit to revitalise existing housing. The aim is to create warmer, drier, healthier homes without having to displace the occupants.</b></p> <p>For many New Zealander’s, inefficient housing is negatively affecting occupant health and wellbeing.</p> <p>Preventable health issues place pressure on healthcare systems, costing valuable resources. The climate, housing, and healthcare crisis desperately require improvements to existing housing for warmer, healthier, and happier homes. Currently, the design of New Zealand housing is inefficient for climate resulting in uncomfortable living conditions. There is a global dependence on finite resources, and the ongoing resource use will reach capacity. Desperate attention to the environmental and economic impact is needed to sustain the precious resources. NewZealand is obligated to reach the 2050 climate goals.</p> <p>The design of buildings needs attention to mitigate the 39% carbon emissions by the construction industry and achieve net-zero carbon housing goals.</p> <p>Lengthy rebuilds require displacing people from their homes and communities and increase the demand for housing and resources. The demolition and rebuild further adds to the significant waste issue.</p> <p>Therefore, there is an opportunity to improve the existing housing stock as a readily available resource.</p> <p>The 1940s-1960s State House is a standardized housing typology mass-produced in New Zealand, and often of poor condition, it was an appropriate site to investigate for a retrofit design strategy.</p> <p>A design framework informed by sustainable design standards, case studies and understanding of the 1940s-1960s house typology directed the design process. The research outcome resulted in an external wall design strategy to improve the occupants’ home experience.</p>

scholarly journals Evaluating Energy Demand and Energy Efficiency Programs in Saudi Residential Buildings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Aldubyan ◽  
Moncef Krarti ◽  
Eric Williams
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Residential Energy ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Residential Building Stock ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Existing Housing

This paper describes the development of the Residential Energy Model (REEM) for Saudi Arabia using an engineering bottom-up approach. The model can assess energy demand for the current residential building stock and the impact of energy efficiency and demand-side management programs. It accounts for the makeup and features of the Kingdom’s existing housing stock using 54 prototypes of residential buildings defined by three building types, three vintages, and six locations representing different climatic zones.

scholarly journals Possibilities of heat energy recovery from greywater systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 03003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaja Niewitecka
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Recovery System ◽  
Heat Recovery System ◽  
Sewage Systems

Waste water contains a large amount of heat energy which is irretrievably lost, so it is worth thinking about the possibilities of its recovery. It is estimated that in a residential building with full sanitary fittings, about 70% of the total tap water supplied is discharged as greywater and could be reused. The subject of the work is the opportunity to reuse waste water as an alternative source of heat for buildings. For this purpose, the design of heat exchangers used in the process of greywater heat recovery in indoor sewage systems, public buildings as well as in industrial plants has been reviewed. The possibility of recovering heat from waste water transported in outdoor sewage systems was also taken into consideration. An exemplary waste water heat recovery system was proposed, and the amount of heat that could be obtained using a greywater heat recovery system in a residential building was presented. The work shows that greywater heat recovery systems allow for significant savings in preheating hot tap water, and the rate of cost reimbursement depends on the purpose of the building and the type of installation. At the same time, the work shows that one should adjust the construction solutions of heat exchangers and indoor installations in buildings to the quality of the medium flowing, which is greywater.

scholarly journals NATIONAL BUILDING TYPOLOGY AS A SOURCE FOR AN ADEQUATE REHABILITATION POLICY

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dušan Ignjatović ◽  
Nataša Ćuković Ignjatović ◽  
Milica Jovanović Popović
Keyword(s):  
Housing Stock ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Local Characteristics ◽  
Energy Assessment ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Building Typology ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Existing Housing ◽  
Adequate Data

Serbia’s Law on Planning and Building has imposed the topics of energy efficiency in building sector, requiring adequate policy making and providing a starting point for improvement of the current situation in this field. Considering the fact that there are more than 3.200.000 housing units without any statistical classification a need arose for establishing a national building typology as a starting point for further decision making and appropriate activities definition regarding the existing housing stock. After joining EU TABULA (Typology Approach for Building Stock Energy Assessment) project, methodologies and approaches of the European countries have been analysed providing a common experience, at the same illustrating a need for identification and classification of local characteristics. In order to obtain adequate data a comprehensive survey has been conducted, providing a starting point for creation of typology. The National Typology has identified typical “model” buildings and defined the levels of improvement ranging from standard (according to the current law) to the low-energy level. The paper explains the methodology, procedures and local characteristics of the process and gives an insight in the activity describing the problems and potentials of the approach.

scholarly journals Effectiveness evaluation for geothermal heat recovery in closed mines of Donbas

2020 ◽  
Vol 201 ◽  
pp. 01008
Author(s):  
Dmytro Rudakov ◽  
Oleksandr Inkin ◽  
Nataliia Dereviahina ◽  
Vadym Sotskov
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Feasibility Studies ◽  
Effectiveness Evaluation ◽  
Geothermal Heat ◽  
Heat Transfer Theory ◽  
Expected Performance ◽  
Mine Condition ◽  
Exchange Parameters

The study aims to develop a method of effectiveness evaluation for geothermal heat recovery in closed mines of Donbas using relations of heat transfer theory in rocks and fluids. Geothermal heat is proposed to recover using coaxial geothermal probes to be installed in flooded closed mines. As a result of evaluation and ranking, five top promising sites with the highest expected performance indicators among 27 closed mines located in Donbas have been identified. The evaluation method takes into account geological settings, mine condition, and heat exchange parameters of the probe with mine water. The locations of the most promising sites were found to correlate with the areas of higher geothermal flux and the deeper mines. The results obtained can be used in feasibility studies on installation and operation of geothermal probes in closed mines.

scholarly journals Enhancing energy efficiency of an existing housing stock

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (47) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
K.V. Izmaylova ◽  
L.A. Kharchenko
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
User Behavior ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Improve Energy Efficiency ◽  
Operation Period ◽  
Existing Housing ◽  
Full Operation

The article analyzes domestic and international experience in the field of energy efficiency and energy security. Thus, it was important to adopt the Law of Ukraine "On the Energy Efficiency of Buildings", which introduced mandatory certification of buildings by energy consumption classes. The study of sources on the issues of effective energy consumption showed that issues related to improving the energy efficiency of buildings and structures are acquiring special relevance; the use of foreign models to improve the energy efficiency of the housing stock. Specific organizational and economic measures are highlighted that will help improve the energy efficiency of the national economy. The Swedish experience of using a modern cost model for the full period of operation ("General Concept") is studied, which aims to assess the economic results of investments in measures to improve the energy efficiency of the housing stock. The main principles of the modern cost model of the full operation period and the criteria for determining the number of necessary energy efficiency measures are considered. Analyzed "hard" (physical condition of the building) and "soft" (user behavior) measures that provide for the integrated energy efficiency of the building. The stages of the analysis according to the cost model of the full operation period are considered. The typical for Sweden ranges of the duration of energy efficient measures and the requirements for the internal rate of return, which depends on the general economic situation in the country and the terms of the loan, have been investigated.  Based on the results of the energy audit of the ten-story building selected for the study and taking into account the experience of Sweden, a number of measures to improve energy efficiency are proposed and a calculation is given to ensure the energy efficiency of a residential building in Ukraine. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that there is a positive trend in this implementation. With the integrated use of all measures that will even allow you to save more, you can significantly improve the energy efficiency of the existing housing stock in Ukraine.

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