scholarly journals Parametric Kinetics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Allan Clayton
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Morphological Change ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Design Criteria ◽  
Parametric Modelling ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Iterative Design ◽  
Architectural Models ◽  
High Level

<p>This thesis examines how parametric modelling can be used in the design process to aid in the development of a kinetic architectural skin. A parametric scripting process has been used to control morphological change in architectural models. This has enabled the description of responsive kinetic form, and has facilitated a process of iterative design development. At the conceptual stage, weather data has been used to generate responsive form, enabling exploration into a range of potential designs. At the developmental stage, static and dynamic iterative modelling has been used to inform the development of a final skin system. The process of iterative modelling has introduced a high level of feedback to the design process, allowing for a thoroughly developed architectural system that performs well against established design criteria. This thesis proposes that parametric modelling is a credible tool for the development of dynamic architectural systems.</p>

scholarly journals Parametric Kinetics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Allan Clayton
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Morphological Change ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Design Criteria ◽  
Parametric Modelling ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Iterative Design ◽  
Architectural Models ◽  
High Level

<p>This thesis examines how parametric modelling can be used in the design process to aid in the development of a kinetic architectural skin. A parametric scripting process has been used to control morphological change in architectural models. This has enabled the description of responsive kinetic form, and has facilitated a process of iterative design development. At the conceptual stage, weather data has been used to generate responsive form, enabling exploration into a range of potential designs. At the developmental stage, static and dynamic iterative modelling has been used to inform the development of a final skin system. The process of iterative modelling has introduced a high level of feedback to the design process, allowing for a thoroughly developed architectural system that performs well against established design criteria. This thesis proposes that parametric modelling is a credible tool for the development of dynamic architectural systems.</p>

A Perioperative Care Display for Understanding High Acuity Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 164-169
Author(s):  
Laurie Lovett Novak ◽  
Jonathan Wanderer ◽  
David A. Owens ◽  
Daniel Fabbri ◽  
Julian Z. Genkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Visualization ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Clinical Informatics ◽  
Data Display ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Iterative Design ◽  
High Acuity ◽  
Depth Interviews

Abstract Background The data visualization literature asserts that the details of the optimal data display must be tailored to the specific task, the background of the user, and the characteristics of the data. The general organizing principle of a concept-oriented display is known to be useful for many tasks and data types. Objectives In this project, we used general principles of data visualization and a co-design process to produce a clinical display tailored to a specific cognitive task, chosen from the anesthesia domain, but with clear generalizability to other clinical tasks. To support the work of the anesthesia-in-charge (AIC) our task was, for a given day, to depict the acuity level and complexity of each patient in the collection of those that will be operated on the following day. The AIC uses this information to optimally allocate anesthesia staff and providers across operating rooms. Methods We used a co-design process to collaborate with participants who work in the AIC role. We conducted two in-depth interviews with AICs and engaged them in subsequent input on iterative design solutions. Results Through a co-design process, we found (1) the need to carefully match the level of detail in the display to the level required by the clinical task, (2) the impedance caused by irrelevant information on the screen such as icons relevant only to other tasks, and (3) the desire for a specific but optional trajectory of increasingly detailed textual summaries. Conclusion This study reports a real-world clinical informatics development project that engaged users as co-designers. Our process led to the user-preferred design of a single binary flag to identify the subset of patients needing further investigation, and then a trajectory of increasingly detailed, text-based abstractions for each patient that can be displayed when more information is needed.

scholarly journals From Evidence to Design Solution—On How to Handle Evidence in the Design Process of Sustainable, Accessible and Health-Promoting Landscapes

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3249
Author(s):  
Marie C. Gramkow ◽  
Ulrik Sidenius ◽  
Gaochao Zhang ◽  
Ulrika K. Stigsdotter
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Design Criteria ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Design Program ◽  
Evidence Collection ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Programming Step

The work of landscape architects can contribute to the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals and the associated ‘Leave no one behind’ agenda by creating accessible and health-promoting green spaces (especially goals 3, 10 and 11). To ensure that the design of green space delivers accessibility and intended health outcomes, an evidence-based design process is recommended. This is a challenge, since many landscape architects are not trained in evidence-based design, and leading scholars have called for methods that can help landscape architects work in an evidence-based manner. This paper examines the implementation of a process model for evidence-based health design in landscape architecture. The model comprises four steps: ‘evidence collection’, ‘programming’, ‘designing’, and ‘evaluation’. The paper aims to demonstrate how the programming step can be implemented in the design of a health-promoting nature trail that is to offer people with mobility disabilities improved mental, physical and social health. We demonstrate how the programming step systematizes evidence into design criteria (evidence-based goals) and design solutions (how the design criteria are to be solved in the design). The results of the study are presented as a design ‘Program’, which we hope can serve as an example for landscape architects of how evidence can be translated into design.

Mechanism Design and Simulation of the ULTRA Spine: A Tensegrity Robot

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew P. Sabelhaus ◽  
Hao Ji ◽  
Patrick Hylton ◽  
Yakshu Madaan ◽  
ChanWoo Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Inverse Kinematics ◽  
Gear Ratio ◽  
Forward Kinematics ◽  
Robot Design ◽  
Link Structure ◽  
Iterative Design ◽  
Quadruped Robots ◽  
Ongoing Effort

The Underactuated Lightweight Tensegrity Robotic Assistive Spine (ULTRA Spine) project is an ongoing effort to create a compliant, cable-driven, 3-degree-of-freedom, underactuated tensegrity core for quadruped robots. This work presents simulations and preliminary mechanism designs of that robot. Design goals and the iterative design process for an ULTRA Spine prototype are discussed. Inverse kinematics simulations are used to develop engineering characteristics for the robot, and forward kinematics simulations are used to verify these parameters. Then, multiple novel mechanism designs are presented that address challenges for this structure, in the context of design for prototyping and assembly. These include the spine robot’s multiple-gear-ratio actuators, spine link structure, spine link assembly locks, and the multiple-spring cable compliance system.

A Remote Synthetic Testbed For Human-Robot Teaming: An Iterative Design Process

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 781-785
Author(s):  
Margaret Wong ◽  
Akudasuo Ezenyilimba ◽  
Alexandra Wolff ◽  
Tyrell Anderson ◽  
Erin Chiou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Task Environment ◽  
Research Administration ◽  
Urban Search And Rescue ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Iterative Design ◽  
Hazardous Environments ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Real Time Information

Urban Search and Rescue (USAR) missions often involve a need to complete tasks in hazardous environments. In such situations, human-robot teams (HRT) may be essential tools for future USAR missions. Transparency and explanation are two information exchange processes where transparency is real-time information exchange and explanation is not. For effective HRTs, certain levels of transparency and explanation must be met, but how can these modes of team communication be operationalized? During the COVID-19 pandemic, our approach to answering this question involved an iterative design process that factored in our research objectives as inputs and pilot studies with remote participants. Our final research testbed design resulted in converting an in-person task environment to a completely remote study and task environment. Changes to the study environment included: utilizing user-friendly video conferencing tools such as Zoom and a custom-built application for research administration tasks and improved modes of HRT communication that helped us avoid confounding our performance measures.

Developing Clinical Decision Support System for Sleep Staging Tasks by Formulating Explanations from Artificial Intelligence: User-Centered Design and Evaluation. (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeonghwan Hwang ◽  
Taeheon Lee ◽  
Honggu Lee ◽  
Seonjeong Byun
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Clinical Decision Support ◽  
User Study ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Sleep Staging ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Iterative Design ◽  
User Centered

BACKGROUND Despite the unprecedented performances of deep learning algorithms in clinical domains, full reviews of algorithmic predictions by human experts remain mandatory. Under these circumstances, artificial intelligence (AI) models are primarily designed as clinical decision support systems (CDSSs). However, from the perspective of clinical practitioners, the lack of clinical interpretability and user-centered interfaces block the adoption of these AI systems in practice. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to develop an AI-based CDSS for assisting polysomnographic technicians in reviewing AI-predicted sleep staging results. This study proposed and evaluated a CDSS that provides clinically sound explanations for AI predictions in a user-centered fashion. METHODS User needs for the system were identified during interviews with polysomnographic technicians. User observation sessions were conducted to understand the workflow of the practitioners during sleep scoring. Iterative design process was performed to ensure easy integration of the tool into clinical workflows. Then, we evaluated the system with polysomnographic technicians. We measured the improvements in sleep staging accuracies after adopting our tool and assessed qualitatively how the participants perceived and used the tool. RESULTS The user study revealed that technicians desire explanations relevant to key electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns for sleep staging when assessing the correctness of the AI predictions. Here, technicians could evaluate whether AI models properly locate and use those patterns during prediction. Based on this, information in AI models that is closely related to sleep EEG patterns was formulated and visualized during the iterative design process. Furthermore, we developed a different visualization strategy for each pattern based on the way the technicians interpreted the EEG recordings with these patterns during their workflows. Generally, the tool evaluation results from the nine polysomnographic technicians were positive. Quantitatively, technicians achieved better classification performances after reviewing the AI-generated predictions with the proposed system; classification accuracies measured with Macro-F1 scores improved from 60.20 to 62.71. Qualitatively, participants reported that the provided information from the tool effectively supported them, and they were able to develop notable adoption strategies for the tool. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that formulating clinical explanations for automated predictions using the information in the AI with a user-centered design process is an effective strategy for developing a CDSS for sleep staging.

scholarly journals Sustainable finance and the construction industry: new paradigms for design development

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-85
Author(s):  
Giancarlo Paganin
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Private Capital ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Assessment Systems ◽  
Sustainable Finance ◽  
Social Components

Enabling sustainable growth is highly dependent on the ability of private capital to invest in projects capable of achieving sustainability objectives divided into the three economic, environmental and social components. The international financial system has defined criteria for assessing the sustainability of investments, also applicable in the construction sector. Still, these criteria do not always appear integrated with the sustainability assessment systems developed by the AEC (architecture, engineering and construction) industry. This article proposes reflections on the relationships between the sustainability indicators of sustainable finance and those typically used in the AEC industry with the purpose of identifying possible impacts on the disciplines involved in the design process.

scholarly journals Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Berbasis Blended Learning Pada Mata Kuliah Dasar-Dasar Matematika

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Atik Wintarti ◽  
Rudianto Artiono ◽  
Budi Priyo Prawoto
Keyword(s):  
Instructional Design ◽  
Blended Learning ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Teaching Materials ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Story Line ◽  
Process Step ◽  
Instructional Design Process

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar pada mata kuliah Dasar-Dasar Matematika di Program Studi Matematika, Universitas Negeri Surabaya.Model yang digunakan untuk pengembangan bahan ajar pada penelitian ini adalah model pengembangan ADDIE yang terdiri 5 tahap, yaitu tahap Analisis (Analysis), Perancangan (Design), Pengembangan (Development), Implementasi (Implementation), dan Evaluasi (Evaluation). Sementara, metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisis data adalah metode ceklist pada setiap langkah pada Instructional Design Process Step/Action Checklist, jika tidak maka harus ada langkah alternatif yang dilakukan atau ada alasan yang relevan yang tidak mempengaruhi proses pengembangan. Perkuliahan Dasar-Dasar Matematika menggunakan bahan ajar blended learning telah disusun berdasarkan model pengembangan ADDIE. Setiap langkah pada Instructional Design Process Step/Action Checklist telah dilaksanakan dan telah menghasilkan bahan ajar berbasis blended learning. Penelitian ini diawali dengan pembuatan story line yang merupakan panduan dalam pengembangan bahan ajar. Dari hasil analisis angket respon mahasiswa, diperoleh lebih dari 75% mahasiswa memberikan respon positif tidak hanya pada bentuk perkuliahan yang menggabungkan antara perkuliahan online dan offline melalui blended learning tetapi juga tentang ketergunaan materi yang disampaikan secaran online melalui Vi-learn Unesa.Kata kunci: bahan ajar, blended learning, ADDIEThis study aims to develop teaching materials in the Basic Mathematics course in the Mathematics Study Program, Surabaya State University. The model used for the development of teaching materials in this study is the ADDIE development model consisting of 5 stages, namely the Analysis, Design (Design), Development (Development), Implementation (Implementation), and Evaluation (Evaluation). Meanwhile, the method used to analyze data is the checklist method at each step in the Instructional Design Process Step / Action Checklist, if not then there must be an alternative step taken or there is a relevant reason that does not affect the development process. Lectures on Basic Mathematics using blended learning teaching materials have been prepared based on the ADDIE development model. Every step in the Instructional Design Process Step / Action Checklist has beencarried out and has produced teaching materials based on blended learning. This research begins with the creation of a story line which is a guide in the development of teaching materials. From the analysis of student questionnaire responses, it was obtained that more than 75% of students gave positive responses not only to the form of lectures that combined online and offline lectures through blended learning but also about the use of material delivered online through Vi-learn Unesa.Keywords: ADDIE, blended learning, teaching materials

scholarly journals Selective interference: Emergent complexity informed by programmatic, social and performative criteria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Christopher David Welch
Keyword(s):  
Programming Languages ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Parametric Design ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Visual Programming ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
Site Analysis ◽  
Box Structure ◽  
Barrier To Entry ◽  
High Level

<p>Parametric design tools and visual programming languages are fast becoming an important part of the architects design process. A review of current literature notes that the barrier to entry into the medium is lowering while the power of the tools available is increasing. The purpose of this research is to use these emerging tools to explore complex architectural issues related to space planning and massing. This research aims to bring these aspects of the design process together to generate an architecture where programme and aesthetic are derived in equal measure by the architect and the computer. The project began with a series of technical studies focusing primarily on space planning, massing, site analysis and circulation with the purpose of using an amalgamation of these techniques to develop into a final generative algorithm. These ideas are explored through an open ended design process of iterative research and testing, self and peer review, development and critical reflection. The viability of the algorithm is then tested through the generation a number of test buildings, across variety of sites. In order to provide a direction and author a degree of creative friction within the research process, the projects are framed around the development of a mid-size, urban sited secondary school. The final algorithm provides constraints in such a way that the architecture evolves in a natural, predictable way that can still surprise and inform, as well as consistently producing viable, interesting iterations of buildings. This process, described as an “open box” structure, produced a wide variety of working concepts and provided a high level of control as a designer.</p>

Growing Artificial Transportation Systems: A Rule-Based Iterative Design Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 322-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinyuan Li ◽  
Shuming Tang ◽  
Xiqin Wang ◽  
Wei Duan ◽  
Fei-Yue Wang
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Iterative Design
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