scholarly journals A framework for young people with neurodisability who engage in antisocial behaviour: Introducing the PAM-NEXT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Sebastian Collin-Smyth
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young People ◽  
Antisocial Behaviour ◽  
Developmental History ◽  
Youth Justice ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Agency Model ◽  
Dynamic Risk Factors ◽  
Dynamic Risk ◽  
Target Treatment

<p>In recent times there has been greater recognition of the over representation of young people with neurodisability within youth justice systems worldwide. This poses a problem for practitioners and suggests that current treatments based on addressing dynamic risk factors may be inadequate for addressing the needs of this group. This thesis elucidates these challenges and extends the Predictive Agency Model (PAM; Heffernan & Ward, 2017) into the Predictive Agency Model-Neurodisability Extension (PAM-NEXT). This extension considers how neurodisability can contribute to a maladaptive developmental history for young people which, in some cases, can lead to exposure to dynamic risk factors. The PAM-NEXT provides a framework to consider how these factors can be operationalised within the process of antisocial behaviour for young people with neurodisabilities. The PAM-NEXT is then applied to composite cases of young people who have engaged in antisocial behaviour to demonstrate its utility. Lastly the PAM-NEXT is evaluated and future directions discussed. The PAM-NEXT can provide practitioners options to adequately target treatment for young people with neurodisability who engage in antisocial behaviour.</p>

scholarly journals A framework for young people with neurodisability who engage in antisocial behaviour: Introducing the PAM-NEXT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Sebastian Collin-Smyth
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young People ◽  
Antisocial Behaviour ◽  
Developmental History ◽  
Youth Justice ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Agency Model ◽  
Dynamic Risk Factors ◽  
Dynamic Risk ◽  
Target Treatment

<p>In recent times there has been greater recognition of the over representation of young people with neurodisability within youth justice systems worldwide. This poses a problem for practitioners and suggests that current treatments based on addressing dynamic risk factors may be inadequate for addressing the needs of this group. This thesis elucidates these challenges and extends the Predictive Agency Model (PAM; Heffernan & Ward, 2017) into the Predictive Agency Model-Neurodisability Extension (PAM-NEXT). This extension considers how neurodisability can contribute to a maladaptive developmental history for young people which, in some cases, can lead to exposure to dynamic risk factors. The PAM-NEXT provides a framework to consider how these factors can be operationalised within the process of antisocial behaviour for young people with neurodisabilities. The PAM-NEXT is then applied to composite cases of young people who have engaged in antisocial behaviour to demonstrate its utility. Lastly the PAM-NEXT is evaluated and future directions discussed. The PAM-NEXT can provide practitioners options to adequately target treatment for young people with neurodisability who engage in antisocial behaviour.</p>

scholarly journals Applying the Criminal Narrative Experience Framework to Young Offenders

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (13) ◽  
pp. 4091-4107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Ioannou ◽  
John Synnott ◽  
Emma Lowe ◽  
Calli Tzani-Pepelasi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young People ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Personal Relationships ◽  
Young Offenders ◽  
Dynamic Risk Factors ◽  
Space Analysis ◽  
Smallest Space Analysis ◽  
Dynamic Risk ◽  
First Time

The present study applied the Criminal Narrative Experience for the first time with young offenders ( N = 23). The analysis was based on young people serving a community sentence and attending a Youth Offending Team. Participants completed questionnaires relating to their roles and emotions during a typical offence and data were examined with Smallest Space Analysis (SSA) to identify if the themes were replicated. Three themes were identified: Calm Professional, Elated Hero, and a combined theme of Distressed Revenger and Depressed Victim. Correlation indicated links between Narrative Experience and static and dynamic risk factors. Findings suggest that the Calm Professional theme correlates with Neighbourhood risk factors, the Elated Hero with Attitudes to Offending, and the Distressed Revenger/Depressed Victim theme with Living Arrangements and Family and Personal Relationships. Potential reasons for identifying three rather than four themes with this sample are discussed. Implications of findings in preventing reoffending are highlighted.

The Experiences and Perspectives of African-Australian Community Service Providers Who Work with At-Risk and Justice-Involved Youth

2021 ◽  
pp. 0306624X2110226
Author(s):  
Stephane Shepherd ◽  
Aisling Bailey ◽  
Godwin Masuka
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Young People ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Professional Staff ◽  
Youth Justice ◽  
Complex Needs ◽  
Australian Community

African-Australian young people are over-represented in custody in the state of Victoria. It has been recognized in recent government and stakeholder strategic plans that African-Australian community service providers are well placed to help address the increasing complex needs of at-risk African-Australian youth. However little is known about the capacities of such providers to effectively contend with this growing social concern. In response, this study aimed to explore the perspectives and operational (service delivery and governance) experiences of African-Australian community organizations which provide services to at-risk young people in Victoria. Through a series of in-depth interviews with the leadership of eight key African-Australian service providers, we aimed to identify their perceived strengths, obstacles faced and proposed strategies to realize key objectives. Perspectives on key risk factors for young African-Australian justice system contact were also gathered. Several themes were extracted from the interviews, specifically (i) Risk factors for African-Australian youth justice-involvement (school disengagement, peer delinquency, family breakdown, intergenerational discord, perceived social rejection), (ii) The limitations of mainstream institutions to reduce African-Australian youth justice-involvement (too compliance focused, inflexible, business rather than human-centered, disconnected from communities and families), (iii) The advantages of African-Australian community service providers when working with African-Australian youth (community credibility, client trust, flexibility, culturally responsive), (iv) The challenges faced by African-Australian service providers (lack of funding/resources, professional staff shortages, infrastructural/governance limitations), and (v) “What works” in service provision for at-risk African-Australians (client involvement in program design, African staff representation, extensive structured programming matched with client aspirations, prioritizing relationship building, persistent outreach, mental health and legal literacy for clients and families). Implications for service delivery and social policy are discussed within.

The association of sexual preference and dynamic risk factors with undetected child pornography offending

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. F. Kuhle ◽  
E. Schlinzig ◽  
G. Kaiser ◽  
T. Amelung ◽  
A. Konrad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Child Pornography ◽  
Sexual Preference ◽  
Dynamic Risk Factors ◽  
Dynamic Risk

Assessing change in dynamic risk factors in forensic psychiatric inpatients: relationship with psychopathy and recidivism

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Mastromanno ◽  
Delene M. Brookstein ◽  
James R. P. Ogloff ◽  
Rachel Campbell ◽  
Chi Meng Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatients ◽  
Dynamic Risk Factors ◽  
Dynamic Risk ◽  
Forensic Psychiatric

Examining the Dynamic Nature of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Risk Factors in Women’s Collegiate Soccer

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Elena M. D’Argenio ◽  
Timothy G. Eckard ◽  
Barnett S. Frank ◽  
William E. Prentice ◽  
Darin A. Padua
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Acl Injury ◽  
Dynamic Risk Factors ◽  
Dynamic Risk ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Context: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are a common and devastating injury in women’s soccer. Several risk factors for ACL injury have been identified, but have not yet been examined as potentially dynamic risk factors, which may change throughout a collegiate soccer season. Design: Prospective cohort study. Methods: Nine common clinical screening assessments for ACL injury risk, consisting of range of motion, movement quality, and power, were assessed in 29 Division I collegiate women’s soccer players. Preseason and midseason values were compared for significant differences. Change scores for each risk factor were also correlated with cumulative training loads during the first 10 weeks of a competitive soccer season. Results: Hip external rotation range of motion and power had statistically significant and meaningful differences at midseason compared with preseason, indicating they are dynamic risk factors. There were no significant associations between the observed risk factor changes and cumulative training load. Conclusions: Hip external rotation range of motion and power are dynamic risk factors for ACL injury in women’s collegiate soccer athletes. Serial screening of these risk factors may elucidate stronger associations with injury risk and improve prognostic accuracy of screening tools.

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