Efficacy of Different Irrigating Systems on Debris and Smear Layer Removal: A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 246-252
Author(s):  
Manjunath P ◽  
Sujatha I ◽  
Jayalakshmi KB ◽  
Prasannalatha Nadig ◽  
Shibani Shetty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smear Layer ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite Solution ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Scanning Electron

Background: The goal of this research was to see how effective various irrigation methods were at eliminating smear layer and debris. Study design: Sixty extracted single rooted human mandibular premolar teeth were used in this study. The root canals were shaped with a WaveOne large (040.08) rotary file after decoronating all the teeth to a uniform 16 mm root length. Root canals were rinsed with 6 ml of 2.5 percent sodium hypochlorite solution during instrumentation. After instrumentation, teeth were arbitrarily classified into four categories, each containing 15 specimens according to the technique of activation of final irrigant. Smear Clear solution (6 ml) was employed in all the categories as irrigating solution. In Group1- Rotary canal brush, Group 2 – EndoActivator, Group 3 – Passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), Group 4 – Continuous ultrasonic irrigation was employed. After sectioning the roots longitudinally, the apical, middle and coronal thirds of the canals were inspected with the help of scanning electron microscopy. Results: Group 4 was most effective in eliminating debris and smear layer at the coronal, middle, and apical thirds. But Group 4 was not significantly different to Group 3 at the middle third in eliminating debris and at middle third and apical third in elimination of smear layer. Conclusion: Continuous ultrasonic irrigation eliminated debris and smear layer most effectively, followed by PUI, EndoActivator, and Rotary canal brush. Keywords: Smear layer, Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation, Continuous ultrasonic irrigation, EndoActivator, Rotary canal brush

Evaluation of the Efficacy of EASYDO ACTIVATOR Irrigation Technique in Intracanal Smear Layer and Debris Removal from Mature Permanent Teeth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao-Hui Zhang ◽  
Zheng-Rong Gao ◽  
Dusenge Marie Aimee ◽  
Yao Feng ◽  
Jing Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smear Layer ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Effective Removal ◽  
Apical Direction ◽  
Debris Removal ◽  
Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

Abstract EASYDO ACTIVATOR (EA) is a continuously vibrational device for root canals irrigation, but its cleaning effectiveness has not been evaluated by any published reports. We were aiming to evaluate whether EA results in a greater intracanal smear layer and debris removal than conventional needle irrigation (NI) and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI). Twenty-seven single-rooted teeth were used. Canals were sized to R30 and irrigated with 3% sodium hypochlorite. Species were divided into three groups: Group 1: NI; Group 2: PUI; Group 3: EA. Canal walls were subjected to scanning electron microscopy. NI- and PUI-group canal cleanliness decreased from the coronal to apical direction (P < 0.05), except for EA group in the apical third. PUI removed more smear layer from the coronal and middle thirds than EA and NI (P < 0.05). PUI and EA were superior to NI regarding debris removal (P < 0.05). The smear layer and debris from the coronal and middle thirds were effectively removed with EA and PUI. More effective removal occurred from the apical third for EA compared with PUI (P < 0.05). Both methods removed smear layer and debris better than NI, providing a theoretical basis for the clinical application of EA.

Does the Use of Use of Continuous or Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation Protocols Improve the Removal of Smear Layer? A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramón Miguéns-Vila ◽  
Pablo Castelo-Baz ◽  
Saleta Aboy-Pazos ◽  
David Uroz-Torres ◽  
Pablo Álvarez-Nóvoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Pressure ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic Study ◽  
Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Conventional Irrigation ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of smear layer removal after the use of different irrigation methods (passive ultrasonic irrigation [PUI], continuous ultrasonic irrigation [CUI], apical negative pressure irrigation and conventional irrigation) using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as an analytical tool. A total of 100 single-canal teeth were decoronated and randomly divided into five groups (n = 20) according to the irrigation method used: conventional irrigation with front outlet syringe, conventional irrigation with lateral outlet syringe, apical negative pressure irrigation (EndoVac), PUI with Irrisafe, and CUI with ProUltra PiezoFlow ultrasonic irrigation needle. Root canal preparation was performed with the ProTaper Gold system up to the F4 instrument and 5.25% NaOCl was used as an irrigant. After chemical-mechanical preparation, the roots were split longitudinally, and the coronal, middle and apical thirds examined. SEM digital photomicrographs were taken at ×1000 magnification to evaluate the amount of smear layer in each root canal third. CUI was more effective in removing the smear layer than the other irrigation protocols. However, none of the irrigation protocols were able to produce root canals completely free from smear layer.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of different irrigation systems on smear layer removal: A scanning electron microscopic study

2014 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 053-057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuat Ahmetoglu ◽  
Ali Keles ◽  
Muhammet Yalcin ◽  
Neslihan Simsek
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation System ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic Study ◽  
Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate effectiveness of the apical negative pressure irrigation (EndoVac), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), and conventional needle irrigation (CI) systems on smear layer (SR) removal. Materials and Methods: Sixty single-rooted canines were prepared using NiTi rotary files and subjected to different irrigation regimens: EndoVac with NaOCl (Group 1) or NaOCl/EDTA (Group 2); PUI with NaOCl (Group 3) or NaOCl/EDTA (Group 4); CI with NaOCl (Group 5) or NaOCl/EDTA (Group 6). The roots were split longitudinally. SEM images were taken to evaluate the amount of residual SR. Results: In Groups 1, 3, and 5, there was no removal of SR (P > 0.05). The coronal thirds within Groups 2, 4, and 6 were cleaned completely, but the middle and the apical thirds was achieved partially or completely (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Regardless of which irrigation system was used, the use of NaOCl alone failed to remove the SR. In NaOCl/EDTA combination groups, the SR was removed partially or completely and no statistical significance. This study demonstrated that in order to remove the SR should be used EDTA solution for final irrigation in the root canal, regardless of the technique in each of the three.

A Comparative Scanning Electron Microscopy Evaluation of Smear Layer Removal from Teeth with Different Irrigation Solutions and Lasers

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1465-1469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elif Kalyoncuoğlu ◽  
Ebru Özsezer Demiryürek
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Layer Removal ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of smear layer removal from teeth following root canals using lasers (Er:YAG and Nd:YAG), NaOCl, 17% EDTA, and MTAD by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Root canals were irrigated with 3 mL of 5.25% NaOCl after each file. Teeth were randomly divided into five groups. In the final irrigation, canals were irrigated with 5.25% NaOCl (Group 1, control), 17% EDTA (Group 2), or BioPure MTAD (Group 3). Laser groups were irradiated with Er:YAG laser (1.8 W, 120 mJ, 15 Hz) (Group 4) or Nd:YAG laser (1 W, 100 mJ, 15 Hz) (Group 5). The smear layer at the apical, middle, and coronal thirds of each root canal was imaged using SEM. Smear layer removal by EDTA was the most effective in all regions. The difference between EDTA and MTAD was statistically significant in the coronal and middle (p < 0.05), but not the apical (p > 0.05), regions. The difference between the control and laser groups was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). In all regions, the difference between 17% EDTA–MTAD and the control–laser groups was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Although improvement was observed in removal of the smear layer using alternative materials and techniques, application of a combination of EDTA and NaOCl remains an effective technique.

scholarly journals Root canal cleaning with different reciprocating and rotary instrumentation systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Selen İnce Yusufoğlu ◽  
Hale Arı Aydınbelge
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
File Systems ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2

Aim: The purpose of the present study was to compare the cleaning effectiveness of two reciprocating single-file systems with ProTaper Next and ProTaper Universal rotary instruments during the preparation of single-rooted extracted teeth. Methodology: Sixty freshly extracted single-rooted human teeth were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=15). In group 1, root canals were prepared with ProTaper Universal, in group 2, they were prepared with ProTaper Next, in group 3, they were prepared with WaveOne and in group 4, root canals prepared with Reciproc systems. Canals were prepared to the following apical sizes: ProTaper Universal F3, ProTaper Next X3, WaveOne Primary and Reciproc 25. The irrigant in all groups was 2ml 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution, the final irrigation after preparation all groups was 2ml NaOCl, 2ml EDTA and 2ml saline solution. The roots were split longitudinally into halves and the canals examined using a scanning electron microscope. The presence of a debris and smear layer was recorded at the coronal, middle and the apical thirds of root canals using a five-step scoring scale. Data were statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: All groups showed more efficient smear layer and debris removal coronally than in the middle and apical regions, whereas the mean total debris score and the mean smear layer score in all groups were less in the WaveOne and the Reciproc groups. Conclusions: Under the conditions of this study, for root canal cleanliness Reciproc and WaveOne may be preferred rather than ProTaperUniversal and ProTaperNext.   How to cite this article: İnce Yusufoğlu S, Arı Aydınbelge H. Root canal cleaning with different reciprocating and rotary instrumentation systems. Int Dent Res 2019;9(1):1-8.   Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

scholarly journals A scanning electron microscopic evaluation of different root canal irrigation regimens

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaves Medici Mônika ◽  
Izabel Cristina Fröner
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Canal Irrigation ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Root Canal Irrigation ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Scanning Electron

The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of endodontic irrigants in removing the smear layer from instrumented root canal walls using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The endodontic irrigants used were: 1% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); 1% NaOCl mixed to 17% EDTAC; 2% chlorhexidine gel; and Ricinus communis gel. Photomicrographs of the middle and apical thirds were evaluated with the aid of the Fotoscore - v. 2.0 software. The results indicated that the mixture of sodium hypochlorite and EDTAC completely removed the smear layer from dentinal walls. The other endodontic irrigants were not as efficient in cleansing the root canals.

scholarly journals The Effect of Intraradicular Multiple Fiber and Cast Posts on the Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Teeth with Wide Root Canals

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satheesh B. Haralur ◽  
Maram Awdah Al Ahmari ◽  
Safeyah Abdurrahman AlQarni ◽  
Mashael Khaled Althobati
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Fracture Load ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Endodontically Treated Teeth ◽  
Cast Metal ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

Introduction. The endodontically treated teeth (ETT) with thin remaining radicular dentin thickness are predisposed to fracture; hence it requires the diligent selection and the execution of endodontic post treatment. The objective of the study was to evaluate the reinforcing effect of both multiple fiber reinforced composite (FRC) and Ni-Cr cast metal posts at anterior and posterior regions. Material and Methods. Forty recently extracted root canal treated canine and single rooted premolar teeth were used for the study. They were randomly divided into four groups (n=10) as: Group 1, single FRC post; Group 2, multiple FRC posts; Group 3, single Ni-Cr metal post, Group 4, multiple Ni-Cr posts. The posts were cemented with self-adhesive resin cement and subsequently restored with full veneer metal crown. The compressive static load at 1300 for canine and 450 for premolar was applied with the cross-head speed of 0.5mm/minute until the fracture. The obtained data was analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis and Pairwise comparison tests with SPSS. Results. The results indicate that multiple FRC post restored canine had the maximum fracture load (1843.80±7.13 N), followed by cast multiple posts (1648.99±26.84 N), single fiber post (1623±40.31 N), and cast metal single post (1493±27.33 N). A similar trend was observed in premolar with higher max fracture load with multiple FRC posts at 1920.86±20.61 N and multiple cast metal posts at 1735.43±6.05 N. Conclusion. The restoration of ETT with larger canals by multiple FRC and metal posts provides substantially higher fracture resistance in comparison to wider single post.

scholarly journals Cleaning Efficiency of Anatomic Endodontic Technology, ProFile System and Manual Instrumentation in Ovalshaped Root Canals: An in vitro Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Sujayeendranath Reddy ◽  
Dinapadu Sainath ◽  
M Narenderreddy ◽  
Srikanth Pasari ◽  
Sangeetha Vallikanthan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Multiple Comparison Test ◽  
Working Length ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Technology Group

ABSTRACT Aim This in vitro study is an attempt to compare the effectiveness in cleaning oval shaped root canals usingAnatomic Endodontic Technology (AET®), ProFile system® and Manual Instrumentation with K-files Methodology Sixty oval shaped single rooted maxillary and mandibular premolars with straight canals were divided in to three groups. The root canals were, confirmed as being oval shape by means of radiographs made in a buccolingual and mesiodistal direction. Automated canal preparation was performed using Anatomic Endodontic Technology (group 1) and the ProFile system® (group 2). Manual instrumentation (group 3) was performed with k-files. Irrigation was performed using alternatively 3% NaOCl and 17% EDTA, followed by rinsing with normal saline. The roots were split longitudinally into two halves and examined under a scanning electron microscope. The presence of debris and smear layer was recorded at distances 1, 5 and 10 mm from the working length using a three step scoring scale. Mean scores for debris and smear layer was calculated and statistically analyzed for between and within groups significance, using the Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric ANOVA test and Bonferroni's multiple comparison test. Results At 1, 5 and 10 mm levels the root canals prepared with AET had significantly less surface debris and smear layer on the canal walls as compared to canals prepared with ProFile system® or manual instrumentation. For all three groups significantly lower mean smear layer scores (p < 0.05) were recorded at 5 and 10 mm levels compared with the 1 mm level. Significantly lower mean debris scores (p < 0.05) were also recorded at 5 and 10 mm levels for the AET group whereas no significant differences were found between the three levels for the ProFile system® and manual instrumentation groups. Conclusion Although better instrumentation scores were obtained in canals prepared with AET, complete cleanliness was not achieved with any of the techniques and instruments investigated. How to cite this article Reddy ES, Sainath D, Narenderreddy M, Pasari S, Vallikanthan S, Sindhurareddy G. Cleaning Efficiency of Anatomic Endodontic Technology, ProFile System and Manual Instrumentation in Oval-shaped Root Canals: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(4):629-634.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document