scholarly journals A scanning electron microscopic evaluation of different root canal irrigation regimens

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaves Medici Mônika ◽  
Izabel Cristina Fröner
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Canal Irrigation ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Root Canal Irrigation ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Scanning Electron

The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of endodontic irrigants in removing the smear layer from instrumented root canal walls using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The endodontic irrigants used were: 1% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); 1% NaOCl mixed to 17% EDTAC; 2% chlorhexidine gel; and Ricinus communis gel. Photomicrographs of the middle and apical thirds were evaluated with the aid of the Fotoscore - v. 2.0 software. The results indicated that the mixture of sodium hypochlorite and EDTAC completely removed the smear layer from dentinal walls. The other endodontic irrigants were not as efficient in cleansing the root canals.

scholarly journals ELECTROLYZED SALINE... AN ALTERNATIVE TO SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE FOR ROOT CANAL IRRIGATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 322-327
Author(s):  
Kavita Dube ◽  
Pradeep Jain
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Canal Irrigation ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Root Canal Irrigation ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Canal Surfaces ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Root Canal Irrigant

Objectives. The aim of this study is to evaluate electrolyzed saline, produced from a custom-made chair side apparatus for its cleaning effect on root canal walls.Methods. A chair side apparatus has been designed to produce and dispense electrolytically activated solutions (Electrolyzed saline) for the purpose of root canal irrigation. Two different solutions, one, which is oxidizing in nature, consisting primarily of Chlorine derivatives and another, reducing in nature, consisting primarily of sodium hydroxide, are obtained. A combination of these two solutions was used for root canal irrigation in extracted teeth. Root canals were split and the samples were subjected to Scanning electron microscopic evaluation.Results. Under the conditions of this study, electrolyzed saline significantly cleaned the root canal surfaces well, opening the dentinal tubules and removing the smear layer.Significance. There has been a constant search for the ideal root canal irrigant. Sodium hypochlorite has been vastly used but its toxicity and storage risks are of concern. Electrolyzed saline has been produced from saline and the apparatus prepares and dispenses the solution chair side, obviating storage needs.

scholarly journals Scanning Electron Microscopic Evaluation of Root Canal Walls after shaping with Different Single-use Rotary Systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Alberto Dagna ◽  
Riccardo Beltrami ◽  
Stefano Bianchi ◽  
Claudio Poggio ◽  
Giulia Gastaldo
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to investigate the cleaning efficacy of four new single-use rotary nickel–titanium (NiTi) systems. A total of 48 single-rooted freshly extracted teeth were divided into four groups. Root canals were shaped with the single-use NiTi systems (ProTaper Next, F360, OneShape and F6 SkyTaper) using 5.25% NaOCl and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) solutions. Specimens were fractured longitudinally and prepared for scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis at standard magnification of 2,500?. The presence/absence of debris smear layer and smear layer at coronal, middle, and apical third of each canal were evaluated using a five-step scale for scores. Numeric data were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U statistical tests and significance was predetermined at p< 0.05. Analysis of variance test showed no significant differences among the NiTi systems (p > 0.05). The same results were assessed considering the smear layer scores. Analysis of variance confirmed that the apical third of the canal maintained a higher quantity of debris and smear layer after preparation of all the samples. All the single-use rotary NiTi systems left dentinal walls generally free of debris, even if a small amount of smear layer is visible, especially in the apical third of the root canal. All tested single-use systems seem to be effective in removing smear layer from root canals, if irrigating protocols are respected. How to cite this article Dagna A, Gastaldo G, Beltrami R, Bianchi S, Poggio C. Scanning Electron Microscopic Evaluation of Root Canal Walls after shaping with Different Single-use Rotary Systems. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2016;5(2):93-98.

Does the Use of Use of Continuous or Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation Protocols Improve the Removal of Smear Layer? A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramón Miguéns-Vila ◽  
Pablo Castelo-Baz ◽  
Saleta Aboy-Pazos ◽  
David Uroz-Torres ◽  
Pablo Álvarez-Nóvoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Pressure ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic Study ◽  
Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Conventional Irrigation ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of smear layer removal after the use of different irrigation methods (passive ultrasonic irrigation [PUI], continuous ultrasonic irrigation [CUI], apical negative pressure irrigation and conventional irrigation) using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as an analytical tool. A total of 100 single-canal teeth were decoronated and randomly divided into five groups (n = 20) according to the irrigation method used: conventional irrigation with front outlet syringe, conventional irrigation with lateral outlet syringe, apical negative pressure irrigation (EndoVac), PUI with Irrisafe, and CUI with ProUltra PiezoFlow ultrasonic irrigation needle. Root canal preparation was performed with the ProTaper Gold system up to the F4 instrument and 5.25% NaOCl was used as an irrigant. After chemical-mechanical preparation, the roots were split longitudinally, and the coronal, middle and apical thirds examined. SEM digital photomicrographs were taken at ×1000 magnification to evaluate the amount of smear layer in each root canal third. CUI was more effective in removing the smear layer than the other irrigation protocols. However, none of the irrigation protocols were able to produce root canals completely free from smear layer.

Effectiveness of Root Canal Debris Removal Using Passive Ultrasound Irrigation with Chlorhexidine Digluconate or Sodium Hypochlorite Individually or in Combination as Irrigants

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 68-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Brandao Ferreira ◽  
Melissa Andreia Marchesan ◽  
Yara Teresinha Silva-Sousa ◽  
Manoel Sousa-Neto
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Chlorhexidine Digluconate ◽  
Canal Irrigation ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Root Canal Irrigation ◽  
Debris Removal ◽  
Group 2

Abstract Aim The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the cleaning capacity of different auxiliary chemical substances energized with ultrasound in radicular dentin using morphologic analysis. Methods and Materials Twenty-eight single-canal, mandibular incisors were prepared with the Hero 642 canal preparation system following the sequence: 25/12, 30/06, 35/02, and 40/02, 1 mm from the apex. The specimens were then divided into four groups of seven teeth. During biomechanical preparation the teeth were irrigated with 2 ml of distilled water between files. Each group of specimens (n=7) received a final irrigation with 100 ml of the following irrigants that were activated with ultrasound for 3 minutes: Group 1- distilled water; Group 2- 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX); Group 3- 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); and Group 4-the filtrate obtained after combining 0.2% CHX and 2.5% NaOCl. The apical portions of the root canals from each group were then submitted to histological processing and analyzed using optical microscopy. Results Results showed statistical differences between the groups (p<0.01). Groups 1 and 2 (distilled water and 0.2% CHX respectively) were statistically similar in terms of a greater amount of debris, whereas 2.5% NaOCl and the filtrate were more efficient in removal of debris. Conclusion There is no additional benefit in terms of debris removal from root canal walls by irrigating with the filtrate obtained from the combination of NaOCl and CHX when compared to using NaOCl alone. Clinical Significance The findings of this study suggest the time and expense of preparing and using a combination of NaOCl and CHX is not warranted compared to using NaOCl alone for root canal irrigation. Citation Ferreira RB, Marchesan MA, Silva-Sousa YT, Sousa-Neto M. Effectiveness of Root Canal Debris Removal Using Passive Ultrasound Irrigation with Chlorhexidine Digluconate or Sodium Hypochlorite Individually or in Combination as Irrigants. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 July; (9)5:068-075.

A scanning electron microscopic evaluation of root canal debridement using saline, sodium hypochlorite, and citric acid

1984 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 525-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Craig Baumgartner ◽  
Carolyn M. Brown ◽  
Carson L. Mader ◽  
Donald D. Peters ◽  
Jay D. Shulman
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic ◽  
Scanning Electron

scholarly journals The impact of different irrigants on the quality of root canal walls

2007 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-169
Author(s):  
Goran Stojilkovic ◽  
Jovanka Gasic ◽  
Jelena Dakovic
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Complete Elimination ◽  
Canal Irrigation ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Root Canal Irrigation ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Introduction: Root canal irrigation plays an important part in the endodontic therapy. Inadequate irrigation or instrumentation without irrigation increase the accumulation of debris on the cutting surfaces of instruments as well as debris and smear layer on root canal walls. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate smear layer removal after irrigation with saline, 5% NaOCl, 15% EDTA and the combination of 15% EDTA and 5% NaOCl. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted at the Clinic for Dentistry and Institute for biomedical research of the School of Medicine in Nis. Twenty five premolars, extracted from orthodontic reasons, were allocated to 5 groups (A-E) of 5 teeth. Root canals of all teeth were instrumented using hand K files. Samples from Group A were instrumented without irrigation (control group). In Group B, the irrigation was done using saline, in Group C 5% NaOCl, in Group D 15% EDTA and in Group E the combination of 15% EDTA and 5% NaOCl. After the treatment, all samples were prepared for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Central parts of root canals were examined and photomicrographs were taken at different magnification. The amount of debris and smear layer was quantified and the data were statistically analyzed. Results: All four treatment modalities (B, C, D, E) induced changes in the appearance of dentinal walls and the amount of debris and the smear layer compared to the control group (A). The difference between the control group and Group B was statistically significant (p<0.01) and highly significant between the control group and Groups C, D and E (p<0.0001). The combined use of 15% EDTA and 5% NaOCl for irrigation and 1 min final rinse resulted in a complete elimination of the smear layer; the use of saline, 5% NaOCl or 15% EDTA alone failed to remove the debris and smear layer completely. Conclusion: The use of singular solutions for root canal irrigation significantly reduces the amount of debris and the smear layer whereas the combined use of NaOCl and EDTA results in the complete elimination of the smear layer from root canal walls.

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