Evaluation of the Efficacy of EASYDO ACTIVATOR Irrigation Technique in Intracanal Smear Layer and Debris Removal from Mature Permanent Teeth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao-Hui Zhang ◽  
Zheng-Rong Gao ◽  
Dusenge Marie Aimee ◽  
Yao Feng ◽  
Jing Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smear Layer ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Effective Removal ◽  
Apical Direction ◽  
Debris Removal ◽  
Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

Abstract EASYDO ACTIVATOR (EA) is a continuously vibrational device for root canals irrigation, but its cleaning effectiveness has not been evaluated by any published reports. We were aiming to evaluate whether EA results in a greater intracanal smear layer and debris removal than conventional needle irrigation (NI) and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI). Twenty-seven single-rooted teeth were used. Canals were sized to R30 and irrigated with 3% sodium hypochlorite. Species were divided into three groups: Group 1: NI; Group 2: PUI; Group 3: EA. Canal walls were subjected to scanning electron microscopy. NI- and PUI-group canal cleanliness decreased from the coronal to apical direction (P < 0.05), except for EA group in the apical third. PUI removed more smear layer from the coronal and middle thirds than EA and NI (P < 0.05). PUI and EA were superior to NI regarding debris removal (P < 0.05). The smear layer and debris from the coronal and middle thirds were effectively removed with EA and PUI. More effective removal occurred from the apical third for EA compared with PUI (P < 0.05). Both methods removed smear layer and debris better than NI, providing a theoretical basis for the clinical application of EA.

Efficacy of Different Irrigating Systems on Debris and Smear Layer Removal: A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 246-252
Author(s):  
Manjunath P ◽  
Sujatha I ◽  
Jayalakshmi KB ◽  
Prasannalatha Nadig ◽  
Shibani Shetty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smear Layer ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite Solution ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Scanning Electron

Background: The goal of this research was to see how effective various irrigation methods were at eliminating smear layer and debris. Study design: Sixty extracted single rooted human mandibular premolar teeth were used in this study. The root canals were shaped with a WaveOne large (040.08) rotary file after decoronating all the teeth to a uniform 16 mm root length. Root canals were rinsed with 6 ml of 2.5 percent sodium hypochlorite solution during instrumentation. After instrumentation, teeth were arbitrarily classified into four categories, each containing 15 specimens according to the technique of activation of final irrigant. Smear Clear solution (6 ml) was employed in all the categories as irrigating solution. In Group1- Rotary canal brush, Group 2 – EndoActivator, Group 3 – Passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), Group 4 – Continuous ultrasonic irrigation was employed. After sectioning the roots longitudinally, the apical, middle and coronal thirds of the canals were inspected with the help of scanning electron microscopy. Results: Group 4 was most effective in eliminating debris and smear layer at the coronal, middle, and apical thirds. But Group 4 was not significantly different to Group 3 at the middle third in eliminating debris and at middle third and apical third in elimination of smear layer. Conclusion: Continuous ultrasonic irrigation eliminated debris and smear layer most effectively, followed by PUI, EndoActivator, and Rotary canal brush. Keywords: Smear layer, Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation, Continuous ultrasonic irrigation, EndoActivator, Rotary canal brush

Does the Use of Use of Continuous or Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation Protocols Improve the Removal of Smear Layer? A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramón Miguéns-Vila ◽  
Pablo Castelo-Baz ◽  
Saleta Aboy-Pazos ◽  
David Uroz-Torres ◽  
Pablo Álvarez-Nóvoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Pressure ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic Study ◽  
Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Conventional Irrigation ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of smear layer removal after the use of different irrigation methods (passive ultrasonic irrigation [PUI], continuous ultrasonic irrigation [CUI], apical negative pressure irrigation and conventional irrigation) using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as an analytical tool. A total of 100 single-canal teeth were decoronated and randomly divided into five groups (n = 20) according to the irrigation method used: conventional irrigation with front outlet syringe, conventional irrigation with lateral outlet syringe, apical negative pressure irrigation (EndoVac), PUI with Irrisafe, and CUI with ProUltra PiezoFlow ultrasonic irrigation needle. Root canal preparation was performed with the ProTaper Gold system up to the F4 instrument and 5.25% NaOCl was used as an irrigant. After chemical-mechanical preparation, the roots were split longitudinally, and the coronal, middle and apical thirds examined. SEM digital photomicrographs were taken at ×1000 magnification to evaluate the amount of smear layer in each root canal third. CUI was more effective in removing the smear layer than the other irrigation protocols. However, none of the irrigation protocols were able to produce root canals completely free from smear layer.

scholarly journals Cleaning Efficiency of Anatomic Endodontic Technology, ProFile System and Manual Instrumentation in Ovalshaped Root Canals: An in vitro Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Sujayeendranath Reddy ◽  
Dinapadu Sainath ◽  
M Narenderreddy ◽  
Srikanth Pasari ◽  
Sangeetha Vallikanthan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Multiple Comparison Test ◽  
Working Length ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Technology Group

ABSTRACT Aim This in vitro study is an attempt to compare the effectiveness in cleaning oval shaped root canals usingAnatomic Endodontic Technology (AET®), ProFile system® and Manual Instrumentation with K-files Methodology Sixty oval shaped single rooted maxillary and mandibular premolars with straight canals were divided in to three groups. The root canals were, confirmed as being oval shape by means of radiographs made in a buccolingual and mesiodistal direction. Automated canal preparation was performed using Anatomic Endodontic Technology (group 1) and the ProFile system® (group 2). Manual instrumentation (group 3) was performed with k-files. Irrigation was performed using alternatively 3% NaOCl and 17% EDTA, followed by rinsing with normal saline. The roots were split longitudinally into two halves and examined under a scanning electron microscope. The presence of debris and smear layer was recorded at distances 1, 5 and 10 mm from the working length using a three step scoring scale. Mean scores for debris and smear layer was calculated and statistically analyzed for between and within groups significance, using the Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric ANOVA test and Bonferroni's multiple comparison test. Results At 1, 5 and 10 mm levels the root canals prepared with AET had significantly less surface debris and smear layer on the canal walls as compared to canals prepared with ProFile system® or manual instrumentation. For all three groups significantly lower mean smear layer scores (p < 0.05) were recorded at 5 and 10 mm levels compared with the 1 mm level. Significantly lower mean debris scores (p < 0.05) were also recorded at 5 and 10 mm levels for the AET group whereas no significant differences were found between the three levels for the ProFile system® and manual instrumentation groups. Conclusion Although better instrumentation scores were obtained in canals prepared with AET, complete cleanliness was not achieved with any of the techniques and instruments investigated. How to cite this article Reddy ES, Sainath D, Narenderreddy M, Pasari S, Vallikanthan S, Sindhurareddy G. Cleaning Efficiency of Anatomic Endodontic Technology, ProFile System and Manual Instrumentation in Oval-shaped Root Canals: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(4):629-634.

Effect of passive ultrasonic irrigation and manual dynamic irrigation on smear layer removal from root canals in a closed apex in vitro model

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Mukhtar-Un-Nisar Andrabi ◽  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
Afaf Zia ◽  
Huma Iftekhar ◽  
Sharique Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Layer Removal ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Vitro Model

scholarly journals Ex-vivo Smear Layer Removal Efficacy of Two Activated Irrigation Techniques After Reciprocating Instrumentation in Curved Canals

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 512-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Costa Lopes Schiavotelo ◽  
Marcelo Santos Coelho ◽  
Luis Cardoso Rasquin ◽  
Daniel Guimarães Pedro Rocha ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Fontana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Reciprocating Motion ◽  
Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Maxillary Molars ◽  
Single File ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Level Of Agreement

Introduction: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of two activated irrigation techniques in removing the smear layer after single-file reciprocating instrumentation in curved canals. Materials and Methods: Sixty distobuccal roots of maxillary molars were standardized to create a closed system, and then instrumented using WaveOne Primary (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) instruments. Fifty-four specimens were randomly distributed into 3 groups for final irrigation: Non-activated irrigation, passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), and EndoActivator (EA;Dentsply Maillefer, Tulsa, USA) irrigation. All specimens received 3 mL of 17% EDTA for 1 minute, followed by irrigation with 6 mL of 2.5% NaOCl. The apical, middle and cervical thirds of the specimens were analyzed using scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), and the amount of remaining smear layer on the canal walls was rated by three examiners using a five-category scoring system. Kendall’s concordance coefficient was used to assess inter-rater agreement. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney (Bonferroni) tests were used to compare the scores. Results: Kendall’s concordance coefficient was ≥ 0.7, indicating an excellent level of agreement between the raters. No statistically significant difference in irrigation techniques efficacy for removal of the smear layer (p=0.061) was found for the apical third. The scores attributed to the specimens irrigated with the EA system were significantly lower than those of the other groups in the cervical and middle thirds (p< 0.05). Conclusions: The efficacy of the EA system in removing the smear layer in the cervical and middle thirds of root canals instrumented with reciprocating motion was significantly higher than that of either PUI or non-activated irrigation. Both EA and PUI performed similarly in apical third.

scholarly journals Root canal cleaning with different reciprocating and rotary instrumentation systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Selen İnce Yusufoğlu ◽  
Hale Arı Aydınbelge
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
File Systems ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2

Aim: The purpose of the present study was to compare the cleaning effectiveness of two reciprocating single-file systems with ProTaper Next and ProTaper Universal rotary instruments during the preparation of single-rooted extracted teeth. Methodology: Sixty freshly extracted single-rooted human teeth were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=15). In group 1, root canals were prepared with ProTaper Universal, in group 2, they were prepared with ProTaper Next, in group 3, they were prepared with WaveOne and in group 4, root canals prepared with Reciproc systems. Canals were prepared to the following apical sizes: ProTaper Universal F3, ProTaper Next X3, WaveOne Primary and Reciproc 25. The irrigant in all groups was 2ml 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution, the final irrigation after preparation all groups was 2ml NaOCl, 2ml EDTA and 2ml saline solution. The roots were split longitudinally into halves and the canals examined using a scanning electron microscope. The presence of a debris and smear layer was recorded at the coronal, middle and the apical thirds of root canals using a five-step scoring scale. Data were statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: All groups showed more efficient smear layer and debris removal coronally than in the middle and apical regions, whereas the mean total debris score and the mean smear layer score in all groups were less in the WaveOne and the Reciproc groups. Conclusions: Under the conditions of this study, for root canal cleanliness Reciproc and WaveOne may be preferred rather than ProTaperUniversal and ProTaperNext.   How to cite this article: İnce Yusufoğlu S, Arı Aydınbelge H. Root canal cleaning with different reciprocating and rotary instrumentation systems. Int Dent Res 2019;9(1):1-8.   Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Smear Layer Removal by Activation Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid 17% with Erbium Chromium: Yttrium Scandium Gallium Garnet and Diode Laser: Scanning Electron Microscopy

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-109
Author(s):  
Chener S. Jameel ◽  
Nawfal A. Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Ethylene Diamine ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background and Objectives: Activation of ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) with diode laser and Erbium Chromium: Yttrium Scandium Gallium Garnet (Er, Cr: YSGG) proposed as a promising adjuvant to conventional protocols but, its effectiveness has been seldom addressed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of laser-activated irrigations using the diode laser and the Er, Cr: YSGG laser on removing smear layer (SL) from the root canal wall. Materials and Methods: SL was generated by preparing the root canals of extracted human teeth to a #35/0.05 two shape instrument. The SL then received treatments of one of the following: Group 1, 5 ml, 5.25% NaOCl + 5 ml, 17% EDTA Each for 60 s, Group 2 5 ml, Group 2, 5.25% NaOCl 60 s + 5 ml, 17% EDTA 40 s + Diode laser 980 nm 20 s 5 ml, and Group 3, 5.25% NaOCl 60 s + 17% EDTA 35 s + Er, Cr: YSGG with RFT-2 tip for five cycles of 5 s. Results: The activation of EDTA with diode laser 980 nm shows to be most effective in the SL in the apical and coronal third could be very useful adjutant in endodontic treatment due to its compactness.

scholarly journals Outcomes of Endodontic Therapy Comparing Conventional Sodium Hypochlorite Irrigation with Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation Using Sodium Hypochlorite and Ethylenediaminetetraacetate. A Retrospective Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 375-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moritz Hertel ◽  
Katja Sommer ◽  
Eckehard Kostka ◽  
Sandra Maria Imiolczyk ◽  
Husam Ballout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Endodontic Irrigation ◽  
Group 2

The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical outcomes of two different standardized endodontic irrigation protocols. It was assumed that the additional use of ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) would result in an increased rate of absence of symptoms and remission based on the periapical index (PAI) compared to passive irrigation using only sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). Data and radiographs from 199 teeth retrieved from the institutional endodontic database were analyzed retrospectively. In 106 teeth irrigation was performed using only NaOCl (protocol 1). Ninety-three teeth were irrigated using NaOCl and EDTA (protocol 2). Chlorhexidine (CHX) was additionally used in revision treatments in both groups. All irrigants in group 2 were activated by PUI. Mean follow-up periods were: protocol 1 = 9.2 ± 4.4 and protocol 2 = 6.6 ± 2.5 months (p < 0.0001 (chi-square test). The frequencies of the PAImasterpoint and PAIfollow-up scores did not differ significantly between teeth, which received either protocol 1 or 2 (p = 0.555 and 0.138). Statistical analysis revealed no significant association between treatment success (absence of clinical symptoms and PAIfollow-up = I or PAImasterpoint > PAIfollow-up > I) and the applied protocol (success rates: protocol 1 = 72.6% vs. protocol 2 = 82.8%; p = 0.203). Furthermore, the frequency of extractions did not differ significantly between the two protocols (p = 0.102). No association was found between follow-up time and treatment success (p = 0.888). The hypothesis was not confirmed. Even though the obtained success rate was higher after supplementing the irrigation protocol with EDTA and PUI, no significance was recorded. Hence, protocol 2 was not superior to protocol 1 regarding therapy success, at least within the limited follow-up period. It may be cautiously concluded that sufficient mechanical debridement combined with passive NaOCl irrigation results in comparably high success rates compared to EDTA and PUI.

Microtomography Evaluation of The Efficacy of Reciprocating And Rotary Instruments Followed By Different Complementary Steps In The Retreatment of Curved Root Canals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lincoln de Campos Fruchi
Keyword(s):  
Good Choice ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Niti Wire ◽  
Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Apical Level ◽  
Rotary Instruments ◽  
Irrigation Solution ◽  
Ultrasonic Irrigation

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of steps, isolated or in cumulative means, in the endodontic retreatment of curved canals. Methodology: Forty mesial roots of mandibular molars were divided into two groups. In the group 1 the filling removal was done with NiTi reciprocating M-wire and NiTi control memory wire rotary instruments followed by a passive ultrasonic irrigation solution agitation. In the group 2, the initial filling removal was done with NiTi reciprocating M-wire and conventional NiTi wire rotary instruments followed by a rotary plastic instrument for irrigation solution agitation. The results were analyzed through micro-computed tomography. Results: The filling material was not completely removed for both groups. All steps did not statically differ between groups regarding to the filling removal. In the intragroup analyses, the results differed in some levels, mainly in the apical level, but did not statistically differ in all the different levels after each step. A statistical significant increase (P<.05), for both groups, in the volume of filling material in the isthmus was observed. Conclusions: None of the protocols completely removed the filling material. The better results were found for the apical level and after passive ultrasonic irrigation. Vertical warm condensation filling technique enhanced the volume of filling material in the root canal system including the isthmus. Clinical relevance: the control memory NiTi instruments could be considered a good choice for use as an additional step in the procedure of filling removal from curved mesial root canals.

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