scholarly journals Right heart haemodynamic values and respiratory function test parameters in chronic smokers

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 90-95
Author(s):  
M. Gulbaran ◽  
T. Cagatay ◽  
T. Gurmen ◽  
P. Cagatay
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Respiratory Function Tests ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
The Right

During coronary angiography in 24 chronic smokers with coronary heart disease, cardiac function measurements were taken and correlated with respiratory function tests. Fourteen patients had evidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cardiac output had a direct correlation with vital capacity, forced vital capacity [FVC], forced expiratory volume in 1 s [FEV1], and velocity at 25% of FVC [V [max] 25]. Pulmonary artery resistance was inversely correlated with FEV1/FVC, while pulmonary artery oxygen saturation weakly correlated with FEV1 and V [max] 25. The pulmonary artery pressure had a weak correlation with the pulmonary artery resistance and an intermediate correlation with the right atrium and the right ventricular pressures. Early diagnosis and therapy of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in smokers may be possible without using invasive methods

scholarly journals Exclusion Spirometry: A Good Idea

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-186
Author(s):  
Nick R. Anthonise
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

In this issue of theCanadian Respiratory Journal, Almirall and Bégin (pages 195 to 196) make a suggestion aimed at increasing the use of spirometry by primary care physicians, as well as family and general practitioners. The idea is that spirometry should be performed not necessarily to make specific diagnoses, but to rule in or out the possibility of a number of lung diseases, most notably, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). If the patient demonstrates normal forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 s, then he or she does not have COPD; if the results are not normal, then COPD is a possibility that can be further investigated.

scholarly journals Comorbid patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and coronary heart disease: opportunities for early diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension in outpatient settings

2021 ◽  
pp. 146-153
Author(s):  
D. N. Kalashnik ◽  
I. S. Korolchuk
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Angina Pectoris ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Right Atrium ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
The Right

Introduction. A comorbid patient with the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in combination with cardiovascular diseases (CHD) has a poor prognosis due to the early progression of the pulmonary hypertension (PH). The study surveyed an opportunity of the PH detection using an active PH verification strategy in outpatients with COPD and stable angina pectoris.Goal. To evaluate the frequency of РH in patients with mild and moderate COPD in combination with CHD and the possibility of using the echocardiographic criterion «right atrial area» to prove РH.Materials and methods. The study included 52 outpatient patients with an average age of 62.8 ± 8.14 years. A comprehensive assessment of the Borg dyspnea scale, echocardiography, pulse oximetry at rest and after the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) were carried out. Two groups of patients were compared depending on the development of РH after T6MX.Results and discussion. It was shown that in patients with COPD (GOLD I-II) and angina pectoris, PH was initially detected in 3.3% of cases, and after the 6MWT in 63.3% of patients. In this group, after T6MX, an increase in pulmonary artery pressure was determined from 18.5 ± 10.6 mmHg to 41.2 ± 12.5 mmHg (p < 0.05). After physical activity with increased pressure in the pulmonary artery, there was a significant increase in the area of the right atrium. Only 1/3 of patients with PH had hypoxemia after the 6MWT.Conclusions. The T6M test makes it possible to detect РH in more than half of patients with COPD (GOLD I-II) and CHD in an outpatient setting. An enlargement in the area of the right atrium according to echocardiography, along with the other indicators of morphological and functional changes in the right heart, can be an additional diagnostic criterion for PH in comorbid patients with COPD and cardiovascular diseases. 

scholarly journals The characteristics of the frequent exacerbator with chronic bronchitis phenotype and non-exacerbator phenotype in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis and system review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianjun Wu ◽  
Hong-ri Xu ◽  
Ying-xue Zhang ◽  
Yi-xuan Li ◽  
Hui-yong Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Bronchitis ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients

Abstract Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics between the frequent exacerbator with chronic bronchitis (FE-CB) phenotype and the non-exacerbator (NE) phenotype among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: We searched CNKI, Wan fang, Chongqing VIP, China Biology Medicine disc, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE databases for relevant studies published as of April 30, 2019. All studies that investigated COPD patients with the FE-CB and NE phenotypes and which qualified the inclusion criteria were included. Cross-Sectional/Prevalence Study Quality recommendations were used to measure methodological quality. RevMan5.3 software was used for meta-analysis. Results: Ten case-control studies (n=8848) were included. Compared with the NE phenotype, patients with the FE-CB phenotype showed significantly lower forced vital capacity percent predicted (FVC%pred) [mean difference (MD) -6.69, 95% confidence interval (CI) -7.73–-5.65, P<0.001, I2=5%], forced expiratory volume in one second percent predicted (FEV1%pred) (MD -8.50, 95% CI -11.36–-5.65, P<0.001, I2=91%), and forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) (MD -3.76, 95% CI -4.58–-2.95,P<0.001, I2=0%); in contrast, the quantity of cigarettes smoked (pack-years) (MD 3.09, 95% CI 1.60–4.58, P<0.001, I2=41%), COPD assessment test (CAT) score (MD 5.61, 95% CI 4.62–6.60, P<0.001, I2=80%), modified Medical British Research Council (mMRC) score (MD 0.72, 95% CI 0.63–0.82, P<0.001, I2=57%), exacerbations in previous year (2.65, 95% CI 2.32–2.97, P<0.001, I2=91%), body mass index (BMI), obstruction, dyspnea, exacerbations (BODEx) (MD 1.78, 95% CI 1.28–2.28, P<0.001, I2=91%), I2=34%), and Charlson comorbidity index (MD 0.47, 95% CI 0.37–0.58, P<0.001, I2=0] were significantly higher in patients with FE-CB phenotype. No significant between-group difference was observed with respect to BMI (MD-0.14, 95% CI -0.70–0.42, P=0.62, I2=75%). Conclusion: COPD patients with the FE-CB phenotype had poorer pulmonary function and higher CAT score, the quantity of cigarettes smoked (pack-years), frequency of acute exacerbations, and mMRC scores than those with the NE phenotype.

scholarly journals Neural respiratory drive and breathlessness in COPD

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline J. Jolley ◽  
Yuanming M. Luo ◽  
Joerg Steier ◽  
Gerrard F. Rafferty ◽  
Michael I. Polkey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Tidal Volume ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Respiratory Drive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that neural respiratory drive, measured using diaphragm electromyogram (EMGdi) activity expressed as a percentage of maximum (EMGdi%max), is closely related to breathlessness in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We also investigated whether neuroventilatory uncoupling contributes significantly to breathlessness intensity over an awareness of levels of neural respiratory drive alone.EMGdi and ventilation were measured continuously during incremental cycle and treadmill exercise in 12 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients (forced expiratory volume in 1 s±sd was 38.7±14.5 % pred). EMGdi was expressed both as EMGdi%max and relative to tidal volume expressed as a percentage of predicted vital capacity to quantify neuroventilatory uncoupling.EMGdi%max was closely related to Borg breathlessness in both cycle (r=0.98, p=0.0001) and treadmill exercise (r=0.94, p=0.005), this relationship being similar to that between neuroventilatory uncoupling and breathlessness (cycling r=0.94, p=0.005; treadmill r=0.91, p=0.01). The relationship between breathlessness and ventilation was poor when expansion of tidal volume became limited.In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease the intensity of exertional breathlessness is closely related to EMGdi%max. These data suggest that breathlessness in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can be largely explained by an awareness of levels of neural respiratory drive, rather than the degree of neuroventilatory uncoupling. EMGdi%max could provide a useful physiological biomarker for breathlessness in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Spirometric Parameters and Serum Malondialdehyde Level in Actively Smoking Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients and Non- Smoking Apparently Normals- A Crosssectional Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
. Ranjana ◽  
Mishra Indira Sushil ◽  
Rajiv Ranjan Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients

Introduction: The antioxidants requirement depend on one’s exposure to endogenous and exogenous reactive oxygen species.Cigarette smoking leads to increased exposure to reactive oxygen species,hence they require more antioxidant nutrients In this study, we aimed to study the serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) as a marker of oxidative stress and pulmonary function tests (PFT) and to study if there is any correlation between PFTand MDA levels in, smokers,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Aim: To compare the pulmonary function tests (PFT) and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level in smokers, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with non-smoker controls. Methods and Materials: N=30, 35-50 years age group smokers, COPD patients were enrolled as cases.N=30 age and sex matched were enrolled as control group. Serum MDA and PFT parameters like forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC ratio, Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) were measured. Result: PFT parameters like forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC ratio, peak expiratory flow rate(PEFR) were decreased and found statistically significant in smokers, COPD group.MDA level were increase and found statistically highly significant in smokers, COPD group. Conclusion: MDA is negatively correlated with FEV1% predicted, FEV1/FVC % predicted ratio and FVC in smokers, COPD patients

Airflow limitation more than doubles the risk for hospitalization/mortality in patients with heart failure

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Bugajski ◽  
Susan K Frazier ◽  
Debra K Moser ◽  
Misook Chung ◽  
Terry A Lennie
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Airflow Limitation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure

Background: Comorbid chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is found in approximately one-third of patients with heart failure. Survival in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease generally decreases as lung function declines. However, the association between lung function, hospitalization and survival is less clear for patients with heart failure. Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the predictive power of spirometry measures for event-free survival (combined all-cause hospitalization and/or mortality) in patients with heart failure. Methods: In this secondary analysis of data from three prospective, longitudinal studies, we selected patients with a confirmed diagnosis of heart failure who completed airflow limitation assessment using spirometry measures ( n=137): forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume/second, and forced expiratory volume/second/forced vital capacity. Cox proportional hazards modeling was used to determine the relationship between spirometry and all-cause hospitalization/mortality with and without adjusting for demographic and clinical covariates over a four-year follow-up period. Results: A majority (74%) exhibited some degree of airflow limitation (forced expiratory volume/second<80% predicted value) and 26 (19%) met the spirometric criterion for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (forced expiratory volume/second/forced vital capacity⩽0.70). Cox proportional hazards regression models compared all-cause hospitalization/mortality between those with and without airflow limitation. Patients with airflow limitation were 2.2 times more likely to be hospitalized or die compared to those without airflow limitations (hazard ratio: 2.20, 95% confidence interval 1.06–4.53, p=0.03). Conclusion: Patients with comorbid heart failure and airflow limitation were at more than double the risk for an event. Spirometric measures may be useful to patients with heart failure, as tailored management of airflow limitation may impact event-free survival.

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