scholarly journals Aplicação de Sensoriamento Remoto para a Identificação das Ilhas de Calor Urbanas e Avaliação do Conforto Térmico Humano nas Capitais dos Estados do Sul do Brasil

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (07) ◽  
pp. 3518
Author(s):  
Jessica Israele De Medeiros ◽  
Claudia Guimarães Camargo Campos ◽  
Rodrigo Morche De Jesus
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Urban Surface ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Historical Series ◽  
Discomfort Index

Os constantes processos de substituição de áreas verdes por áreas impermeabilizadas e edificadas tendem a modificar as temperaturas locais e alterar os microclimas. Como consequência, pode-se observar a ocorrência do fenômeno Ilhas de Calor (IC). O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar a presença de ilhas de calor e avaliar o grau de desconforto térmico nas capitais dos estados da região sul do Brasil: Curitiba (PR), Santa Catarina (SC) e Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Utilizou-se imagens de sensoriamento remoto, dos satélites Landsat 5 e 8, como ferramenta para evidenciar tal fenômeno. Com base em ferramentas do geoprocessamento foi possível congregar camadas de informações, tais como: um mapeamento da ocupação urbana, da Temperatura da Superfície e da sensação térmica através do Índice de Desconforto de Kawamura. Curitiba apresentou uma melhor representatividade da urbanização e do aumento das IC, sendo que a maioria da sua extensão foi classificada como estresse devido ao calor. Florianópolis teve uma maior dimensão que foi classificada como confortável; com estresse e desconforto nas áreas mais circundantes, que correspondem aos locais mais frequentados pela população. Em Porto Alegre, na região que fica mais ao sul, houve um aumento na urbanização e uma redução nas áreas classificadas como confortáveis, principalmente nos quatro últimos anos analisados. Constatou-se que o sensoriamento remoto é uma importante fonte de dados e contribui para uma análise do clima urbano. Contudo, para uma melhor avaliação da evolução é recomendado uma ampliação da série histórica. Desta forma, ressalta-se que estudos como esse devem ser realizados também em outras regiões e municípios, para servir de subsídio para um melhor planejamento e para a adoção de diretrizes como planos de arborização. Application of remote sensing for the identification of urban surface heat islands and the Kawamura discomfort index in the capitals of the southern states of BrazilA B S T R A C TThe constant replacement processes of green areas by waterproofed and built-up areas tend to modify local temperatures and alter microclimates. Consequently, the Urban Heat Island phenomenon (UHI) can be observed. The objective of this study was to identify the presence of urban surface heat islands and evaluate the degree of thermal discomfort in the capitals of the states of the southern region of Brazil. Remote sensing images, from Landsat 5 and 8 satellites, from summer and spring thermal stations and representative years from the 1980s, 1990s, 2000s and 2010s, were used as a tool to highlight this phenomenon. Based on geoprocessing tools, it was possible to gather layers of information, such as: a mapping of urban occupation, surface temperature and thermal sensation through the Kawamura Discomfort Index. In Curitiba, the relationship between increased urbanization and UHI had been well represented over time, with the majority of its extension being classified as heat stress. In Florianópolis, the comfortable class was predominant, with stress and discomfort in the mainland and sectors to the north and south of the island. In the south region of Porto Alegre, there was an increase in urbanization and a decrease in areas classified as comfortable. However, for a better evaluation of the evolution, an expansion of the historical series is recommended. Thus, it is emphasized that studies like this should be carried out in other regions and municipalities, to serve as a subsidy for better urban planning.Keywords: bioclimatology, geotechnology, urban climate, heat island, remote sensing.

scholarly journals The Effect of Various Urban Design Parameter in Alleviating Urban Heat Island and Improving Thermal Health- A Case Study in a Built Pedestrianized Block of China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Ma ◽  
Jingyuan Zhao ◽  
Lei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Design Parameter ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Urban Heat

Abstract BackgroundIncreasing urban heat island and global warming have aroused serious thermal environmental problems, even do harm to people’s thermal health. Because the importance in people’s daily life, Commercial pedestrianized block represents a symbol of a city or metropolis, therefore, focusing the attention on the thermal environment in such regions is very necessary. Most of the researches on urban thermal environment are calculated by remote sensing data, limited by the low spatial resolution of remote sensing image, it may not obviously reflect the true thermal environment of the research site, especially in some micro-scale regions. MethodsBased on this, the new software ENVI-met is developed to research the thermal environment and forecast people’s thermal sensation in micro-scale region. ResultsTherefore, the objective of this study aims at conducting field measurement and numerical simulation to assess the thermal environment of a typical commercial pedestrianized space in southern China, and assess the different urban design parameter in ameliorating urban heat island effect. ConclusionsOur final results demonstrate a quantitative evidence for establishing a comprehensive standard for improving thermal environment in micro-scale region, and this study also can be a supplementary in the research field about improving thermal health.

The Earth’s surface remote sensing methods used to explore heat islands in the city of Tyumen

2021 ◽  
Vol 977 (11) ◽  
pp. 40-50
Author(s):  
I.D. Akhmedova ◽  
L.D. Sulkarnaeva ◽  
N.V. Zherebyatieva ◽  
A.V. Petukhova
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Remote Sensing Methods ◽  
The City

The authors present the results of mapping the “heat island” surface in the city of Tyumen and determining its spatial and seasonal manifestations using the Landsat-8 satellite data. Geothermic scenes of four seasons were obtained and analyzed

scholarly journals Advancement in Urban Climate Modelling at Local Scale: Urban Heat Island Mitigation and Building Cooling Demand

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1313
Author(s):  
Aytaç Kubilay ◽  
Jonas Allegrini ◽  
Dominik Strebel ◽  
Yongling Zhao ◽  
Dominique Derome ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Model ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Urban Heat Islands ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Meteorological Model ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Building Cooling

As cities and their population are subjected to climate change and urban heat islands, it is paramount to have the means to understand the local urban climate and propose mitigation measures, especially at neighbourhood, local and building scales. A framework is presented, where the urban climate is studied by coupling a meteorological model to a building-resolved local urban climate model, and where an urban climate model is coupled to a building energy simulation model. The urban climate model allows for studies at local scale, combining modelling of wind and buoyancy with computational fluid dynamics, radiative exchange and heat and mass transport in porous materials including evaporative cooling at street canyon and neighbourhood scale. This coupled model takes into account the hygrothermal behaviour of porous materials and vegetation subjected to variations of wetting, sun, wind, humidity and temperature. The model is driven by climate predictions from a mesoscale meteorological model including urban parametrisation. Building energy demand, such as cooling demand during heat waves, can be evaluated. This integrated approach not only allows for the design of adapted buildings, but also urban environments that can mitigate the negative effects of future climate change and increased urban heat islands. Mitigation solutions for urban heat island effect and heat waves, including vegetation, evaporative cooling pavements and neighbourhood morphology, are assessed in terms of pedestrian comfort and building (cooling) energy consumption.

The surface heat island of Rotterdam and its relationship with urban surface characteristics

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisette Klok ◽  
Sander Zwart ◽  
Henk Verhagen ◽  
Elena Mauri
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Urban Surface ◽  
Heat Island

scholarly journals SEGMENTATION ON SENTINEL-3 DATA FOR SURFACE HEAT ISLAND DETECTION

2021 ◽  
Vol XLIII-B3-2021 ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
I. Kotaridis ◽  
M. Lazaridou
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Image Segmentation ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Long Time

Abstract. The commonly higher temperatures in urban environment, compared to its surrounding countryside, have been observed and described for a long time. Several studies, focusing on the quantification of this phenomenon, have been carried out. Detecting, understanding and monitoring of heat islands is of utmost importance. This paper presents a methodological framework for a rapid identification of surface heat islands. For this purpose, image pre-processing, image segmentation and image analysis are conducted in SNAP, Orfeo ToolBox (OTB) and QGIS accordingly. Sentinel-3 data were obtained and land surface temperature (LST) product was utilized. This is not equal to air temperature that is presented in the daily weather report; however, it is a quite good and accessible indicator. Specifically, two products were used, one of day observation and one of night observation in order to highlight the differentiation of these two views. In addition, the correlation between NDVI and LST was examined in order to comprehend how land cover affects temperature. The proposed methodology was carried out by obtaining freely-available data that were processed in open-source software.

scholarly journals Análise de Microclimas na Cidade de Viçosa do Ceará: Abordagem na Perspectiva do Conforto Térmico (Analysis of the Microclimate in Viçosa Ceará: Approach in View of Thermal Comfort)

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipe Da Silva Peixoto ◽  
Marta Celina Linhares Sales
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Effective Temperature ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Environmental Features ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The City

O estudo foi realizado na cidade de Viçosa do Ceará, cujas características geoambientais proporcionam um tipo climático de enclave úmido, ou seja, resulta em uma área de maior umidade e menor temperatura média isso devido ao efeito da altitude, em meio às áreas mais rebaixadas que configuram a depressão sertaneja, portanto, são áreas de condições geoambientais mais favoráveis ao conforto térmico. Buscou-se nos pontos de análise a distinção de diferentes tipos de uso e ocupação do solo, associado às características naturais que causam diferentes microclimas intraurbanos. Esses foram analisados através do levantamento de dados de temperatura do ar, temperatura efetiva, umidade do ar, e altitude. O levantamento foi realizado entre às 08 e 17 horas no dia 29 de outubro de 2009, período de primavera no hemisfério sul, correspondente ao período quente e seco no nordeste setentrional.  Os dados foram tratados de forma a evidenciar os diferentes microclimas qualitativa e espacialmente, através de gráficos comparativos e mapa de isolinhas de temperatura efetiva. Foi observado que sob o efeito das ilhas de calor, identificadas nos pontos dois (Centro da Cidade) e três (Praça do Coreto), a atmosfera do local se comporta de maneiras distintas, e esses pontos caracterizaram-se pela conservação de temperatura efetiva de 26 ºC às 15 horas, quando em condições normais essa temperatura tenderia a um decréscimo maior, situação observada nos demais pontos ambos com 24,8 ºC às 15 horas. A atmosfera da cidade de Viçosa do Ceará sofre o fenômeno da ilha de calor, que se mostra no espaço onde o uso e ocupação do solo são mais intensificados.   Palavras- chaves: Clima urbano. Viçosa do Ceará. Espaço Urbano.   Analysis of the Microclimate in Viçosa Ceará: Approach in View of Thermal Comfort   ABSTRACTThe study was conducted in Viçosa do Ceará, whose geo-environmental features provide a kind of enclave humid climate, which in the state of Ceará is configured as an area of ​​geo-environmental conditions more favorable for thermal comfort. Sought on the points of analysis to distinguish different types of land use and land cover, associated with natural features that cause different microclimates in space city. These were analyzed using the survey data of air temperature, actual temperature, humidity, and altitude. The survey was conducted between at 08 and 17 hours on October 29, 2009, the data were treated to highlight the qualitatively different microclimates and spatially, through graphs and comparative map of isolines of effective temperature. We note that under the effect of heat islands, identified in section 2 (City Centre) and 3 (Square Bandstand), the atmosphere of the site behaves differently, and these points were characterized by the conservation of effective temperature of 26 C for 15 hours, when this temperature under normal conditions would tend to a larger decrease observed in the other two points to 24.8 º C at 15 hours. The atmosphere of the city of Viçosa do Ceará suffers the heat island phenomenon, which appears in the space where the use and occupation are more intensified. Keywords: Urban climate. Viçosa- Ce. Space Urban. 

scholarly journals Analysis of the urban heat island in representative points of the city of Bayeux / PB

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 345
Author(s):  
Amanda Mayara Paulino Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Thermal Field ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Urban Heat Islands ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Thermal Discomfort ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
The City

Abstrat Urban growth has generated several socio-environmental problems and has altered the quality of life of people living in these environments. Due to the disorderly growth of cities and the various forms of urban land use and occupation, changes in the thermal field of these areas have occurred and caused the formation of urban heat islands and thermal discomfort in urban environments. Thus, the need to understand the formation of heat islands in these areas and the study of their causes and consequences grows. Given this context, the present work intends to study the urban climate of the city of Bayeux / PB, specifically the urban thermal field, and the formation of heat islands. For the accomplishment of the research, initially a bibliographical survey of the subject in question was made. Subsequently experimental points of meteorological data collection (temperature and relative air humidity) were defined in the metropolitan area of the city of João Pessoa, specifically in the municipality of Bayeux / PB. These points were defined based on the different types of land use and cover in the study area. The following experimental points were defined: a point in the center of the city of Bayeux / PB, another point on the banks of the BR230 direction Bayeux, and a reference point in a remnant of Atlantic forest. To obtain the urban heat island the reference point was used as a parameter of the climatic conditions of a natural environment. The data of temperature and relative humidity were collected through thermometers (HOBO U-10), which were placed on steel tripods (1.5 meters high) and monitored at uninterrupted intervals of 1 and 1 hour during the dry period and rainy region. The analysis of the data points to the formation of urban heat islands in the two periods evaluated in the city of Bayeux / PB, being the center of the city, the most critical area with the most intense heat islands. The vegetative cover played a predominant role in the climatic mitigation of the experimental samples as well as the presence of precipitation. The areas with impermeable soil cover presented the largest heat islands and contributed to the thermal discomfort of the study area. Keywords: Urban Climate, Thermodynamic Field, Urban Heat Island.

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