scholarly journals THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW IN THE ХІХ CENTURY

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (38) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
W. Orehowsky
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Sharp Increase ◽  
Geneva Convention ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Rapid Progress ◽  
Public Charities ◽  
Land War ◽  
History Of

The article is devoted to the history of the emergence and formation of international humanitarian law («laws and customs of war»). The author notes that decisive steps were taken here in the nineteenth century, as rapid progress in the development of weapons and martial arts led to a sharp increase in the number of casualties. In this regard, much attention is paid to the figure of Swiss businessman and public figure Henri Dunan. It is stated in the article that it was the activity of the latter that became the basis for the adoption of the famous Geneva Convention (1864) «On improving the fate of wounded and sick warriors in the land war».Key words: international humanitarian law, Society of Red Cross, Henri Dunan, Geneva Convention, help to aid to sick and wounded patients, public charities.

Reflections on the development of the Movement and international humanitarian law through the lens of the ICRC Library's Heritage Collection

2018 ◽  
Vol 100 (907-909) ◽  
pp. 143-163
Author(s):  
Ismaël Raboud ◽  
Matthieu Niederhauser ◽  
Charlotte Mohr
Keyword(s):  
Geneva Convention ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Action ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
War Victims ◽  
The Way

AbstractThe International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) Library was first created at the initiative of the ICRC's co-founder and president, Gustave Moynier. By the end of the nineteenth century, it had become a specialized documentation centre with comprehensive collections on the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, international humanitarian law (IHL) and relief to war victims, keeping track of the latest legal debates and technological innovations in the fields related to the ICRC's activities. The publications collected by the Library until the end of the First World War form a rich collection of almost 4,000 documents now known as the ancien fonds, the Library's Heritage Collection.Direct witness to the birth of an international humanitarian movement and of IHL, the Heritage Collection contains the era's most important publications related to the development of humanitarian action for war victims, from the first edition of Henry Dunant's groundbreaking Un souvenir de Solférino to the first mission reports of ICRC delegates and the handwritten minutes of the Diplomatic Conference that led to the adoption of the 1864 Geneva Convention. This article looks at the way this unique collection of documents retraces the history of the ICRC during its first decades of existence and documents its original preoccupations and operations, highlighting the most noteworthy items of the Collection along the way.

scholarly journals The updated Commentary on the First Geneva Convention – a new tool for generating respect for international humanitarian law

2015 ◽  
Vol 97 (900) ◽  
pp. 1209-1226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey Cameron ◽  
Bruno Demeyere ◽  
Jean-Marie Henckaerts ◽  
Eve La Haye ◽  
Heike Niebergall-Lackner
Keyword(s):  
Geneva Convention ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Geneva Conventions ◽  
Major Reference

AbstractSince their publication in 1950s and 1980s, respectively, the Commentaries on the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their Additional Protocols of 1977 have become a major reference for the application and interpretation of these treaties. The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), together with a team of renowned experts, is currently updating these Commentaries in order to document developments and provide up-to-date interpretations. The work on the first updated Commentary, the Commentary on the First Geneva Convention relating to the protection of the wounded and sick in the armed forces, has already been finalized. This article provides an overview of the methodology and process of the update and summarizes the main evolutions in the interpretation of the treaty norms reflected in the updated Commentary.

The International Committee of the Red Cross and the promotion of international humanitarian law: Looking back, looking forward

2014 ◽  
Vol 96 (895-896) ◽  
pp. 817-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Harroff-Tavel
Keyword(s):  
International Committee ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Simple Task ◽  
The Past ◽  
Globalizing World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Forms Of Violence ◽  
Do So

AbstractIn a globalizing world marked by geopolitical upheaval, unprecedented threats to human security, new forms of violence and technological revolutions, particularly in the area of information technology, it is no simple task to raise awareness of international humanitarian law (IHL) applicable to armed conflict and ensure that warring parties comply with this body of law. This article traces the history of the International Committee of the Red Cross's (ICRC) work in promoting IHL from 1864 to the present, juxtaposing this history with important events in international relations and with the organization's (sometimes traumatizing) experiences that ultimately gave rise to innovative programmes. The article summarizes lively debates that took place at the ICRC around such topics as the place of ethics in the promotion of IHL, respect for cultural diversity in the various methods used to promote this body of law, and how much attention should be devoted to youth – as well as the most effective way to do so. The author concludes by sharing her personal views on the best way to promote IHL in the future by drawing on the lessons of the past.

Red Cross Society of China: The 1977 Geneva Protocols and the development of international humanitarian law

1987 ◽  
Vol 27 (258) ◽  
pp. 282-287
Author(s):  
Su Wei
Keyword(s):  
Geneva Convention ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
The Other ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
National Liberation ◽  
Outstanding Problem ◽  
Geneva Conventions ◽  
Occupied Territories

Ten years ago, two Protocols additional to the Four Geneva Conventions were adopted in Geneva: one relating to the protection of victims of international armed conflicts, the other to the protection of victims of non-international armed conflicts. This marked a forward step in the development of international humanitarian law applicable in armed conflicts. The most outstanding problem confronting international humanitarian lawyers in the postwar years has been the protection of civilians in circumstances of armed conflicts, particularly in a period characterized by wars of national liberation. The two Protocols scored achievements on two points. First, provisions were elaborated aiming at protecting civilians from the effects of hostilities as opposed to simply protecting civilians in occupied territories as had been the case of the Fourth Geneva Convention of 1949. Secondly, the scope of the application of humanitarian law was greatly widened so as to bring a greater number of victims of armed conflicts under the protection of humanitarian law. This should in turn facilitate the observance and implementation of humanitarian law in conflicts. It is attempted in this paper to make some comments on the achievements of the Protocols, especially Protocol I relating to international armed conflicts.

A History of Violence

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-67
Author(s):  
Cédric Cotter ◽  
Ellen Policinski
Keyword(s):  
International Committee ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Academic Journal ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
History Of ◽  
Trends Over Time ◽  
The Law ◽  
Over Time

The International Review of the Red Cross, an academic journal produced by the International Committee of the Red Cross (icrc) and published by Cambridge University Press, traces its origins back more than 150 years. Throughout its existence, the publication has featured international humanitarian law (ihl) prominently. Because of this, it is possible to trace how the icrc was communicating publicly about ihl since 1869, allowing researchers to draw conclusions about how that body of law has evolved. In this article, the authors divide the history of the Review into five time periods, looking at trends over time as ihl was established as a body of law, was expanded to address trends in the ways war was waged, was disseminated and promoted to the international community, and how it is interpreted in light of current conflicts. Based on the way the law has been represented in the Review, the authors draw conclusions about the evolution of the law itself over time, and lessons this may provide for those who seek to influence the future development of the law regulating armed conflict.

Anniversary message

1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (303) ◽  
pp. 522-525
Author(s):  
Jean-Georges Lossier
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Ethical Standards ◽  
World Peace ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
The Past ◽  
Outstanding Feature ◽  
History Of

Few journals have the opportunity, as the Review has today, of celebrating their 125th anniversaries. A more suitable occasion could hardly be found to highlight the publication's important contribution to the study of a broad range of subjects, including the Fundamental Principles of the Red Cross and Red Crescent, international humanitarian law, the activities of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, the history of humanitarian ideas and of those who have championed them, world peace and international ethical standards. In fact, an outstanding feature of the Review over the past fifty years has been the very scope and diversity of the subjects it addresses. Two of these, among others, have played a significant role in the development of the Movement.

Before “Geneva” Law: a British surgeon in the Crimean War

1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (304) ◽  
pp. 69-80
Author(s):  
Hilaire McCoubrey
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Geneva Convention ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Crimean War ◽  
Relief Work ◽  
Rescue And Relief ◽  
War Victims

It is well known that modern “Geneva” international humanitarian law has its origins in the impartial rescue and relief work undertaken by Henry Dunant in June 1859 for the wounded soldiers abandoned on the battlefield at Solferino and the proposals made thereafter in his book “A Memory of Solferino”. Henry Dunant's initiative led to the establishment of the International Red Cross Movement and the conclusion of the initial Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armies in the Field, signed in 1864. These humanitarian developments were, by 1859, sorely needed. The first half of the nineteenth century had seen an increase in the scale of warfare and with it a combination of incapacity and unconcern in relation to the wounded and war victims in general.

scholarly journals Foreword: Global and Regional Perspectives on International Humanitarian Law

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Alberto Costi
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
International Committee ◽  
International Community ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Significant Events ◽  
History Of

This article serves as a foreword to this special issue of the Victoria University of Wellington Law Review which brings together a number of global and regional perspectives on international law ('IHL') in commemoration of some of the most significant events marking the emergence and development of what is still a relatively recent yet dynamic branch of international law. The author provides a brief history of the international community and the contributions of Henry Dunant of the International Committee of the Red Cross. The article then provides a brief overview of the papers presented in this issue, noting that the papers reflect on various aspects of a body of law in constant evolution, as well as acknowledging the challenges associated with the implementation of IHL.  

A brief history of the International Review of the Red Cross

2018 ◽  
Vol 100 (907-909) ◽  
pp. 23-36
Keyword(s):  
International Committee ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
International Review ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
The Past ◽  
Look Back ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Precious Resource

The International Review of the Red Cross has gone through many evolutions since it was first published in October 1869. All told, it has had sixteen editors-in-chief from diverse professional backgrounds, as well as many managing editors, thematic editors, editorial assistants and others, all working to support the production, promotion and distribution of the journal. It is now the oldest publication devoted to international humanitarian law (IHL), policy and action. Its collection represents a precious resource on the history of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (the Movement), and on the development of humanitarian law and action at large. The Review continues to contribute significantly to these fields, so it is worthwhile to look back at the journal's role in the past to see how it has evolved and reflect on where it is now, and where it may go in the future.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document