Data and source code for "Bayesian analyses of seventeen winters of water vapor fluxes show bark beetles reduce sublimation"

Author(s):  
John M. Frank ◽  
William J. Massman ◽  
Brent E. Ewers ◽  
David G. Williams
Author(s):  
Brian E. Potter ◽  
Candice Krull ◽  
Sim K. Larkin ◽  
Mark Moore ◽  
Susan M. O'Neill ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 1598-1623 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Frank ◽  
William J. Massman ◽  
Brent E. Ewers ◽  
David G. Williams

Author(s):  
R. C. Moretz ◽  
G. G. Hausner ◽  
D. F. Parsons

Electron microscopy and diffraction of biological materials in the hydrated state requires the construction of a chamber in which the water vapor pressure can be maintained at saturation for a given specimen temperature, while minimally affecting the normal vacuum of the remainder of the microscope column. Initial studies with chambers closed by thin membrane windows showed that at the film thicknesses required for electron diffraction at 100 KV the window failure rate was too high to give a reliable system. A single stage, differentially pumped specimen hydration chamber was constructed, consisting of two apertures (70-100μ), which eliminated the necessity of thin membrane windows. This system was used to obtain electron diffraction and electron microscopy of water droplets and thin water films. However, a period of dehydration occurred during initial pumping of the microscope column. Although rehydration occurred within five minutes, biological materials were irreversibly damaged. Another limitation of this system was that the specimen grid was clamped between the apertures, thus limiting the yield of view to the aperture opening.


Author(s):  
V. R. Matricardi ◽  
G. G. Hausner ◽  
D. F. Parsons

In order to observe room temperature hydrated specimens in an electron microscope, the following conditions should be satisfied: The specimen should be surrounded by water vapor as close as possible to the equilibrium vapor pressure corresponding to the temperature of the specimen.The specimen grid should be inserted, focused and photo graphed in the shortest possible time in order to minimize dehydration.The full area of the specimen grid should be visible in order to minimize the number of changes of specimen required.There should be no pressure gradient across the grid so that specimens can be straddled across holes.Leakage of water vapor to the column should be minimized.


Author(s):  
E. L. Vigil ◽  
E. F. Erbe

In cotton seeds the radicle has 12% moisture content which makes it possible to prepare freeze-fracture replicas without fixation or cryoprotection. For this study we have examined replicas of unfixed radicle tissue fractured at room temperature to obtain data on organelle and membrane structure.Excised radicles from seeds of cotton (Gossyplum hirsutum L. M-8) were fractured at room temperature along the longitudinal axis. The fracture was initiated by spliting the basal end of the excised radicle with a razor. This procedure produced a fracture through the tissue along an unknown fracture plane. The warm fractured radicle halves were placed on a thin film of 100% glycerol on a flat brass cap with fracture surface up. The cap was rapidly plunged into liquid nitrogen and transferred to a freeze- etch unit. The sample was etched for 3 min at -95°C to remove any condensed water vapor and then cooled to -150°C for platinum/carbon evaporation.


2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph W. Houpt ◽  
Andrew Heathcote ◽  
Ami Eidels

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Nana Suarna
Keyword(s):  

Seiring waktu, jumlah surat dalam sebuah perusahaan semakin hari makin banyak, sehingga muncul permasalahan dalam mengelolanya administrasi suarat, baik ketika dalam pencatatan surat maupun proses disposisi, serta pada saat pencarian arsip surat. Hampir sebagai besar surat yang ada di kantor-kantor masih disimpan dalam bentuk file-file yang masih bersifat manual, sehingga memungkinkan surat tersebut menunpuk, dan memerlukan waktu yang lama dalam pencarian dan pemrosesannya. Dengan dibangunnya  sistem manajemen pengarsipan bertujuan untuk mengatasi permasalahan-permasalahan tersebut di atas. Pemrograman  saat ini, baik desktop maupun web based, semakin marak  pengerjaannya menggunakan framework code igniter berbasis PHP. Framework CI memang dikembangkan untuk memudahkan dalam developing aplikasi dengan struktur  file source code-nya menggunakan pendekatan Models-Views-Controller (MVC) dan pemrograman berorientasi objek, oleh sebab itu penulis menggunakan CI dalam developing aplikasi ini. Aplikasi sistem manajemen surat dan pengarsipan ini dapat diakses dalam internal perusahaan web, yang bertujuan untuk memudahkan karyawan  dalam pengelolaan dan  mengaksesnya surat menyurat, selain itu aplikasi ini juga memberikan kemudahan dalam proses pencatatan surat,  disposisi, dan proses pencarian sehingga aplikasisi ini memiliki performa yang handal, mudah untuk di-maintenance dan dikembangkan lebih lanjut seiring perkembangan kebutuhan penggunanya.


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