scholarly journals Candida auris: epidemiological situation, laboratory capacity and preparedness in the European Union and European Economic Area*, January 2018 to May 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diamantis Plachouras ◽  
Felix Lötsch ◽  
Anke Kohlenberg ◽  
Dominique L Monnet ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
European Economic Area ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Candida Auris ◽  
European Economic ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Laboratory Capacity ◽  
Economic Area ◽  
First Time

Between January 2018 and May 2019, 349 cases of Candida auris were reported in the European Union/European Economic Area*, 257 (73.6%) colonisations, 84 (24.1%) bloodstream infections, seven (2.0%) other infections and one case of unknown infection/colonisation status (0.3%). Most cases (97.1%, n = 339) were reported from Spain or the United Kingdom, but also for the first time in Greece, the Netherlands and Poland. Laboratory capacity and preparedness has improved since January 2018.

scholarly journals Candida auris: epidemiological situation, laboratory capacity and preparedness in European Union and European Economic Area countries, 2013 to 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anke Kohlenberg ◽  
Marc J Struelens ◽  
Dominique L Monnet ◽  
Diamantis Plachouras ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
National Level ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
European Economic Area ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Candida Auris ◽  
European Economic ◽  
Laboratory Capacity ◽  
Economic Area ◽  
Survey Results

During 2013–2017, 620 cases of Candida auris were reported in the European Union/European Economic Area – 466 (75.2%) colonisations, 110 (17.7%) bloodstream infections, 40 (6.5%) other infections and four cases (0.6%) of unknown colonisation/infection status – the majority from four large outbreaks. Survey results showed that several countries lacked laboratory capacity and/or information on the occurrence of cases at national level. To prevent further spread, adequate laboratory capacity and infection control preparedness is required in Europe.

scholarly journals Surveillance and laboratory detection for non-polio enteroviruses in the European Union/European Economic Area, 2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (45) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heli Harvala ◽  
Aftab Jasir ◽  
Pasi Penttinen ◽  
Lucia Pastore Celentano ◽  
Donato Greco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Influenza Surveillance ◽  
European Economic Area ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
European Economic ◽  
Laboratory Capacity ◽  
Economic Area ◽  
Acute Flaccid Paralysis Surveillance

Enteroviruses (EVs) cause severe outbreaks of respiratory and neurological disease as illustrated by EV-D68 and EV-A71 outbreaks, respectively. We have mapped European laboratory capacity for identification and characterisation of non-polio EVs to improve preparedness to respond to (re)-emerging EVs linked to severe disease. An online questionnaire on non-polio EV surveillance and laboratory detection was submitted to all 30 European Union (EU)/European Economic Area (EEA) countries. Twenty-nine countries responded; 26 conducted laboratory-based non-polio EV surveillance, and 24 included neurological infections in their surveillance. Eleven countries have established specific surveillance for EV-D68 via sentinel influenza surveillance (n = 7), typing EV-positive respiratory samples (n = 10) and/or acute flaccid paralysis surveillance (n = 5). Of 26 countries performing non-polio EV characterisation/typing, 10 further characterised culture-positive EV isolates, whereas the remainder typed PCR-positive but culture-negative samples. Although 19 countries have introduced sequence-based EV typing, seven still rely entirely on virus isolation. Based on 2015 data, six countries typed over 300 specimens mostly by sequencing, whereas 11 countries characterised under 50 EV-positive samples. EV surveillance activity varied between EU/EEA countries, and did not always specifically target patients with neurological and/or respiratory infections. Introduction of sequence-based typing methods is needed throughout the EU/EEA to enhance laboratory capacity for the detection of EVs.

Mayday—Brexit

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertil Wiman
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
European Economic Area ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
European Economic ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Economic Area

On 31 January 2020, the United Kingdom left the European Union Brexit. A number of tax consequences both in the United Kingdom as well as in other member States will follow from leaving as a member of the European Union and the European Economic Area. This Article analyzes some of the income tax consequences, from a Swedish perspective, that follow from Brexit.

scholarly journals La regulación del flujo de datos personales entre la Unión Europea y el Reino Unido tras el Brexit = The regulation of the flow of personal data between the European Union and the United Kingdom after Brexit

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Ana Gascón Marcén
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
European Economic Area ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Economic ◽  
Personal Data Protection ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Economic Area

Resumen: El objetivo de este trabajo es considerar qué ocurrirá cuando Reino Unido se convierta en un país tercero para la Unión Europea y cómo afectará esto a la libre circulación de datos personales que existía antes de su salida del mercado único digital. Se prestará especial atención al análisis de los mecanismos que permitirían continuar transfiriendo datos desde el Espacio Económico Europeo al Reino Unido y, en particular, la posibilidad de una decisión de adecuación y los problemas que puede encontrar.Palabras clave: protección de datos personales, Brexit, decisión de adecuación, Unión Europea, Reino Unido. Abstract: The objective of this paper is to consider what will happen when the United Kingdom becomes a third State for the European Union and how this will affect the free movement of personal data that existed before its exit from the digital single market. Special attention will be paid to the analysis of the mechanisms that would allow the transfer of data from the European Economic Area to the United Kingdom and, in particular, the possibility of an adequacy decision and the problems it may encounter.Keywords: personal data protection, Brexit, adequacy decision, European Union, United Kingdom

scholarly journals Rapidly increasing cumulative incidence of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in the European Union/European Economic Area and the United Kingdom, 1 January to 15 March 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pete Kinross ◽  
Carl Suetens ◽  
Joana Gomes Dias ◽  
Leonidas Alexakis ◽  
Ariana Wijermans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
European Economic Area ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Economic ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Economic Area

The cumulative incidence of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases is showing similar trends in European Union/European Economic Area countries and the United Kingdom confirming that, while at a different stage depending on the country, the COVID-19 pandemic is progressing rapidly in all countries. Based on the experience from Italy, countries, hospitals and intensive care units should increase their preparedness for a surge of patients with COVID-19 who will require healthcare, and in particular intensive care.

scholarly journals HIV and AIDS in the European Union, 2011

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (48) ◽  
Author(s):  
G Likatavicius ◽  
M Van de Laar
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
European Economic Area ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Late Presenters ◽  
European Economic ◽  
Economic Area ◽  
Sex With Men

In 2011, a total of 28,038 new HIV diagnoses were reported by European Union and European Economic Area countries. The annual rate of HIV diagnoses does not show clear signs of decrease and HIV continues to be concentrated in selected populations such as men who have sex with men and injecting drug users, and a high proportion reported as late presenters. Despite effective and available antiretroviral treatment, the number of AIDS cases increased in a few countries.

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