scholarly journals The Italian registry of cystic echinococcosis (RIEC): the first prospective registry with a European future

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Tamarozzi ◽  
P Rossi ◽  
F Galati ◽  
M Mariconti ◽  
G J Nicoletti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Echinococcosis ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Seventh Framework Programme ◽  
Reporting Systems ◽  
Unnecessary Procedures ◽  
Framework Programme Project ◽  
European Registry ◽  
Human Cystic Echinococcosis ◽  
Actual Prevalence

Cystic echinococcosis (CE), a worldwide zoonosis, is highly endemic in southern and eastern Europe. Its actual prevalence is unknown due to the lack of efficient reporting systems designed to take into account the particular features of the disease. Neglect of CE makes diagnosis and clinical management difficult outside referral centres, with inconsistencies in clinical practice and often unnecessary procedures carried out that have associated risks and costs. The Italian registry of CE (RIEC) is a prospective multicentre registry of CE patients seen from January 2012 in Italian health centres; data are voluntarily submitted to the registry. Its aims are to show the prevalence of CE in Italy, bring the importance of this infection to the attention of health authorities, encourage public health policies towards its control, and stimulate biological, epidemiological and clinical research on CE. From January 2012 to February 2014, a total 346 patients were enrolled in 11 centres, outnumbering national reports of many CE-endemic European countries. We discuss preliminary data and challenges of the RIEC, template for the European registry of CE, which has been implemented within the Seventh Framework Programme project HERACLES (Human cystic Echinococcosis ReseArch in CentraL and Eastern Societies) since September 2014.

scholarly journals Serological Diagnosis and Follow-Up of Human Cystic Echinococcosis: A New Hope for the Future?

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl Manzano-Román ◽  
Carlos Sánchez-Ovejero ◽  
Ana Hernández-González ◽  
Adriano Casulli ◽  
Mar Siles-Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Recombinant Proteins ◽  
Cystic Echinococcosis ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Human Cystic Echinococcosis

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is an important helminthic zoonotic disease caused by theEchinococcus granulosuscomplex. In humans, CE is a chronic disease driven by the growth of echinococcal cysts in different organs. Prognosis of this disease depends on multiple factors, including location, number, size, and stage of the cysts, making CE a disease of complex management. CE is usually asymptomatic for years and attracts limited attention from funding organizations and health authorities. For this reason, only experts’ recommendations are available but no evidence-based conclusions have been drawn for CE clinical management. One of those pitfalls refers to the lack of evidence to support the use of serological tools for the diagnosis and follow-up of CE patients. In this respect, crude antigens are used to detect specific antibodies in patients, giving rise to false positive results. The advent of molecular techniques allowing the production of recombinant proteins has provided a number of candidate antigens that could overcome the problems associated with the use of crude parasite extracts in the serological assays. In this review, we present the last advances in this field, proposing the use of serology to support cyst stage-specific diagnosis and follow-up.

scholarly journals Human Cystic Echinococcosis in Lebanon: A Retrospective Study and Molecular Epidemiology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaelle Joanny ◽  
Maria Grazia Cappai ◽  
Francesca Nonnis ◽  
Claudia Tamponi ◽  
Giorgia Dessì ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Cystic Echinococcosis ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
High Gene ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
And Control ◽  
Human Cystic Echinococcosis

Abstract Purpose Human cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic parasitic disease that constitutes a public health challenge and a socio-economic burden in endemic areas worldwide. No specific surveillance system of CE infections in humans exists in Lebanon. The incidence and trends over time have not been documented. The current study aimed to assess the demographic and epidemiologic features of human CE surgical cases over a 14-year period in the five main regions of Lebanon. Methods From 2005 to 2018, a total of 894 surgically confirmed cases of hydatidosis were recorded from five anatomy and pathology laboratories. Results The mean annual surgical incidence was 1.23/100,000 inhabitants. Over the span of these years, the incidence increased from 0.53 to 1.94 cases/100,000 inhabitants in 2005 and 2018, respectively. CE is present in Lebanon with an uneven distribution from one region to the other with higher prevalence in Bekaa (29.0%), a rural area where sheep raising is widespread. Human CE cases were more common in females (60.1%) than in males (39.9%) and a high burden of infection was reported for the age group of 30–39 years. Besides, 66.7% of the cases expressed only liver complications whereas, 20.5% showed predilection towards lungs. The 7.8% of cases presented cysts in other organs, and 1.3% showed multiple localizations. Additionally, predominant involvement of Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto was recorded in human infections. Comparison of Echinococcus granulosus s.s. populations from different Mediterranean countries also revealed high gene flow among this region and sharing of alleles. Conclusion The current study is a step forward to fill the gap of knowledge for the hydatidosis in Lebanon where the lack of epidemiological data and control measures have resulted in higher incidence of human CE. Graphic Abstract

Characterization of excretory–secretory products from protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus and evaluation of their potential for immunodiagnosis of human cystic echinococcosis

Parasitology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. CARMENA ◽  
J. MARTÍNEZ ◽  
A. BENITO ◽  
J. A. GUISANTES
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Cystic Echinococcosis ◽  
Secretory Protein ◽  
Major Protein ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Secretory Products ◽  
Protein Components ◽  
Human Cystic Echinococcosis

This study describes, for the first time, the characterization of excretory–secretory antigens (ES-Ag) from Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces, evaluating their usefulness in the immunodiagnosis of human cystic echinococcosis. ES-Ag were obtained from the first 50 h maintenance of protoscoleces in vitro. This preparation contained over 20 major protein components which could be distinguished by 1-dimensional SDS–PAGE with apparent masses between 9 and 300 kDa. The culture of of protoscoleces from liver produced a greater variety of excretory–secretory protein components than those from lung. Determination of enzymatic activities of secreted proteins revealed the presence of phosphatases, lipases and glucosidases, but no proteases. These findings were compared to those obtained from somatic extracts of protoscoleces and hydatid cyst fluid products. Immunochemical characterization was performed by immunoblotting with sera from individuals infected by cystic echinococcosis (n=15), non-hydatidic parasitoses (n=19), various liver diseases (n=24), lung neoplasia (n=16), and healthy donors (n=18). Antigens with apparent masses of 89, 74, 47/50, 32, and 20 kDa showed specificity for immunodiagnosis of human hydatidosis. The 89 and 74 kDa components corresponded to antigens not yet described in E. granulosus, whereas proteins of 41–43 kDa and 91–95 kDa were recognized by the majority of the non-hydatid sera studied.

Estimation of the Monetary Burden of Treated Human Cystic Echinococcosis in Pakistan

Acta Tropica ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 106026
Author(s):  
Shawn C. Basinger ◽  
Aisha Khan ◽  
Haroon Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Sohail Afzal ◽  
Sami Simsek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Echinococcosis ◽  
Human Cystic Echinococcosis

Effect of mebendazole on human cystic echinococcosis: the role of dosage and treatment duration

1999 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Vutova ◽  
G. Mechkov ◽  
P. Vachkov ◽  
R. Petkov ◽  
P. Georgiev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Echinococcosis ◽  
Treatment Duration ◽  
Human Cystic Echinococcosis

Chemotherapy of human cystic echinococcosis: comparative efficacy of mebendazole and albendazole

1992 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Todorov ◽  
K. Vutova ◽  
G. Mechkov ◽  
P. Georgiev ◽  
D. Petkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Echinococcosis ◽  
Comparative Efficacy ◽  
Human Cystic Echinococcosis

scholarly journals The disease burden of human cystic echinococcosis based on HDRs from 2001 to 2014 in Italy

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e0005771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toni Piseddu ◽  
Diego Brundu ◽  
Giovanni Stegel ◽  
Federica Loi ◽  
Sandro Rolesu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Echinococcosis ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Human Cystic Echinococcosis

scholarly journals Human Cystic Echinococcosis: Old Problems and New Perspectives

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Siracusano ◽  
Antonella Teggi ◽  
Elena Ortona
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cystic Echinococcosis ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Host Immune Responses ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Parasite Survival ◽  
Human Cystic Echinococcosis

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a widespread chronic endemic helminthic disease caused by infection with metacestodes of the tapewormEchinococcus granulosus. CE affects humans and has a worldwide prevalence of approximately six million. In this review, we discuss current findings in diagnosis and clinical management of CE and new concepts relating toE. granulosusmolecules that directly modulate the host immune responses favouring a strong anti-inflammatory response and perpetuating parasite survival in the host. New insights into the molecular biology ofE. granulosuswill improve considerably our knowledge of the disease and will provide new potential therapeutic applications to treat or prevent inflammatory immune-mediated disease.

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