Penerapan Modifikasi Perilaku untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Memakai Kaos Berlengan pada Anak dengan Disabilitas Intelektual Tingkat Berat

Self-help capabilities are an important ability to have by individuals to support daily life activities. Usually, entering the school age children are able to perform self-help capabilities independently. Yet, a child with disability intellectual has a tendency to experience difficulties in conducting self-help capabilities activities independently, especially children with severe intellectual disability. Children with intellectual disability with severe level need support in almost everyday activities such as dressing, eating and take a leak. The subject for this research was a girl aged 6 years 7 months who were diagnosed with severe intellectual disability. The purpose of this study is to improve the ability of wearing sleeves independently. This research method is single case AB design. Technique used in this research is backward chaining and positive reinforcement. The research was conducted in 10 sessions consisting of 5 experiments per session. The results of this research indicate that backward chaining techniques can improve the ability to wear sleeves to children with severe intellectual disability.

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Modifikasi Perilaku Peningkatan Kemampuan memakai Kaus pada Anak dengan Intellectual Dissability Tingkat Sedang.

Cognicia ◽

10.22219/cognicia.vol7.no3.281-294 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 281

Author(s):

Nafisa Alif Amalia ◽

Luh Surini Yulia Savitri

Keyword(s):

Intellectual Disability ◽

Behavior Modification ◽

Positive Reinforcement ◽

Backward Chaining ◽

Daily Life Activities ◽

Severe Intellectual Disability ◽

Self Help ◽

The Subject ◽

Children With Intellectual Disability

Self-help skills are an important ability to support daily life activities. One of the skills is self-dressing, especially for children which entering puberty. Yet, children with intellectual disability have difficulties in conducting self-help skills. A child with intellectual disability, especially children with moderate-severe intellectual disability, needs support in almost everyday. Eventhough, we have to teaching them to be independent and improves their quality of life. The subject for this research was a boy aged 10 years who were diagnosed with moderate intellectual disability. The purpose is to improve the ability of wearing sleeves independently. The method is single AB design. Technique used is backward chaining, prompting, and positive reinforcement. This research was conducted in 9 sessions, each having 5 trials. The results of this research is behavior modification program of wearing sleeves independently using backward chaining techniques can improve the ability of self-dressing in children with intellectual disability.

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URINE-TRIGGERED ALARM SIGNALS AND PROMPTS TO PROMOTE DAYTIME URINARY CONTINENCE IN A BOY WITH SEVERE INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY

Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy ◽

10.1017/s1352465899273079 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 261-265 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Giulio E. Lancioni ◽

Sonia Markus

Keyword(s):

Intellectual Disability ◽

Positive Reinforcement ◽

Urinary Continence ◽

Small Areas ◽

Alarm Signals ◽

Severe Intellectual Disability

A strategy involving urine-triggered alarm signals and prompts combined with positive reinforcement for appropriate urination was employed for promoting daytime urinary continence in a boy with severe intellectual disability. The strategy, which was applied only in the day centre the boy attended, seemed effective for promoting self-initiated toileting actions and for eliminating almost totally large urinary accidents. Some small urinary accidents (consisting of wetting small areas of the underpants) remained. Implications of the findings are discussed.

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The Effectiveness of Backward Chaining in Improving Buttoning Skills in a Child with Moderate Intellectual Disability and Poor Vision: Single-Case Design

Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Intervention and Applied Psychology (ICIAP 2018) ◽

10.2991/iciap-18.2019.11 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Sarah Halimah Wibowo ◽

Mayke Sugianto Tedjasaputra

Keyword(s):

Intellectual Disability ◽

Single Case ◽

Single Case Design ◽

Poor Vision ◽

Backward Chaining ◽

Moderate Intellectual Disability ◽

Case Design

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PENERAPAN PRINSIP MODIFIKASI PERILAKU UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENYIKAT GIGI PADA ANAK DENGAN DISABILITAS INTELEKTUAL BERAT

Jurnal Psikologi ◽

10.14710/jp.17.2.119-130 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 119

Author(s):

Catherina Kartika Hapsari ◽

Fenny Hartiani

Keyword(s):

Intellectual Disability ◽

Experimental Research ◽

Dental Health ◽

Single Subject ◽

Behaviour Modification ◽

Severe Intellectual Disability ◽

Self Help ◽

Health Related ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Task Presentation

Self-help skills are one of the skills needed to support one's life. Individuals with severe intellectual disability have difficulty to perform self-help tasks, such as dressing, bathing, and toothbrushing. In addition, individuals with intellectual disability usually have other health related problems. To prevent dental health problems among people with severe intellectual disability, it is necessary to prevent it by taking care of dental health. Toothbrushing is one of the most effective ways to prevent it and toothbrushing training are one of intervention that could help. This research applied behaviour modification total-task presentation in children with severe intellectual disability. This research is a quasi-experimental research using a single subject A-B-A design. The participants for this study were a 19-year-old female teenager with severe intellectual disability. This intervention was given as many as nine sessions in three weeks. The data were collected using interviews and observations to record the emergence of a series toothbrushing behavior. Data then analysed using visual inspections method. The results of this study indicate that the total task presentation intervention provides an improvement in the ability of brushing teeth. This improvement still needs to be supported by the carer's directions.

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Homes integrated as an institution (total) in the support system for adults with deep intellectual disability – introduction to consideration

Interdyscyplinarne Konteksty Pedagogiki Specjalnej ◽

10.14746/ikps.2019.27.19 ◽

1970 ◽

Author(s):

Ewa Gawlik

Keyword(s):

Intellectual Disability ◽

Support System ◽

Qualitative Case Study ◽

Participant Observation ◽

Total Institution ◽

Institutional Form ◽

Severe Intellectual Disability ◽

Total Institutions ◽

The Subject

The article discusses the subject of housing for people with more severe intellectual disability – as one of the forms of support. The integrated-community flat constitutes an alternative institutional form of support for persons with more severe intellectual disability. The symbolic interactionism theory was extremely helpful in preliminary deliberations and the discussed integrated-community flats were based on the conception of total institutions. Therefore, the following questions were asked: What characteristics of a total institution does the integrated-community flat have? Can the integrated-community flat be described as having characteristics of a total institution? A qualitative case study with participant observation was used for this purpose.

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Prompting dan Positive Reinforcement untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpakaian Pada Anak dengan Intellectual Disability

Jurnal Psikologi Teori dan Terapan ◽

10.26740/jptt.v8n2.p112-123 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 112

Author(s):

Ika Agustina Murpratiwi ◽

Mita Aswanti Tjakrawiralaksana

Keyword(s):

Intellectual Disability ◽

Key Words ◽

Behavior Modification ◽

Positive Reinforcement ◽

Single Case ◽

Adaptive Function ◽

Increasing Trend ◽

Modification Intervention ◽

Children With Intellectual Disability

Children with intellectual disability (ID) have deficits in their cognitive and adaptive function. One of the important skills of adaptive function which need to be mastered is dressing up, especially wearing buttoned clothes. However, the limitations possessed by children with ID make them always in need of help from others. Based on this condition, it is necessary to provide interventions to improve the skill of buttoning clothes on children with ID. Using single case A-B design, this study evaluates whether behavior modification intervention improve the clothes buttoning skill of a 9-year-old child with moderate ID. The intervention used prompting technique, namely most-to-least prompting accompanied with the provision of positive reinforcement. Prompt techniques expected to be effective in enhancing dressing upskills; additionally, positive reinforcement was also used to keep the child motivated during the intervention sessions. The results showed an increasing trend on mastery of buttoning skill, decreasing trend for prompt intensity, and immediacy of effect influenced by intervention. The results proves that prompting and positive reinforcement technique was effective for improving the child’s ability in buttoning clothes independently. Key Words: Prompting, positive reinforcement, buttoning clothesAbstrak: Anak-anak dengan kondisi intellectual disability (ID) mengalami defisit pada fungsi kognitif dan fungsi adaptif. Salah satu keterampilan dari fungsi adaptif yang penting dikuasai adalah berpakaian, terutama memakai baju berkancing. Akan tetapi, keterbatasan yang dimiliki oleh anak ID membuat mereka selalu membutuhkan bantuan dari orang lain. Berdasarkan kondisi tersebut, perlu dilakukan pemberian intervensi untuk meningkatkan keterampilan mengancingkan baju pada anak ID. Dengan menggunakan single case A-B design, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi apakah intervensi modifikasi perilaku dapat meningkatkan keterampilan mengancingkan baju pada anak berusia 9 tahun dengan ID moderate. Intervensi ini menggunakan teknik prompting, yaitu most to least prompting disertai dengan pemberian positive reinforcement. Teknik prompting diharapkan efektif dalam meningkatkan keterampilan mengancingkan baju, sedangkan positive reinforcement digunakan untuk menjaga motivasi anak selama sesi intervensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan trend pada penguasaan keterampilan mengancingkan baju, penurunan trend untuk intensitas prompt yang digunakan serta immediacy of effect yang dipengaruhi oleh intervensi. Ini membuktikan bahwa teknik prompting dan positive reinforcement efektif meningkatkan keterampilan anak dalam mengancingkan baju secara mandiri.

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