EXPERIENCE OF GROWING UP IN INSTITUTIONAL FOSTER CARE – RESEARCH REPORT

The article is devoted to the functioning of adolescent pupils of the “House of Return” in Białystok. Its aim is to show the experience of growing up in an orphanage from the pupils’ perspective. The first part of the text presents theoretical assumptions regarding the experience of growing up, organization of foster care in Poland, growing up in its institutional form and the process of deinstitutionalization. The second part of the article presents methodological assumptions of the research and the results regarding growing up in institutional foster care. Qualitative research using the method of individual cases was carried out in May 2021 with the charges of the “House of Return” in Białystok. The concept of qualitative data analysis by Matthew B. Miles and A. Michael Huberman was used to analyze the empirical material. In the light of the research, the charges function properly in the care and education centre for children and young people, the experience of growing up in an orphanage is not a trauma for them, but they have difficulties with establishing close relationships, they lack a significant adult, and are also not very self-reliant.

Od Jana Amosa Komeńskiego do Jeana Frédérica Oberlina – od idei do praxis

Resulting from his reflections on education and shaped by the idea of pansophism, the phenomenon of Comenius' pedagogical thought for centuries not only had an impact on the development of the subsequent philosophical trends forming the (perennial) educational exemplar but also it indicated the direction of the essential educational reforms. One of the inheri-tors of Comenius' pedagogical visionary was the author of Poêles à tricoter - John Frederic Oberlin. In his archetype of kindergarten, a reflection of Comenius' idea related to the early education can be found, which was included in Informatorium scholae maternae ('On early education'), which Oberlin puts into a language of pedagogical praxis. Comenius' ideas of religious-ethical education, child’s multisided development and education leading to child's readiness to be a pupil were given not only an application character but also an institutional form by Oberlin. Initiated by Oberlin in Ban de la Roche in 1769 on the pages of Poêles à tricoter and referring directly to Comenius' reflections, the educational solutions commenced the new era in the history of education.

What Governance Lesson Does Mekong Bear for Ganges–Brahmaputra–Meghna (GBM) Basin?

This article talks of the various governance lessons that the Mekong basin bears for the Ganges–Brahmaputra–Meghna (GBM) basin. It highlights the existing hydropolitical and ecological problems associated with the GBM basin, the reasons for which are attributed to the reductionist colonial engineering paradigm also delineated in this article as ‘arithmetic hydrology’. The transboundary interactions in the GBM to resolve the problems have largely relied on an issue-based, piecemeal, fragmented approach that has further complicated the problems. It is in this context, the article brings in how a cooperative mechanism in the institutional form of the Mekong River Commission (MRC) has been attempting to promote a participative and integrated approach to river basin governance. The article, therefore, talks of some of the replicable practices and learnings that may help in takeaways for the GBM riparians and stakeholders from the Mekong system. JEL Codes: F02, N50, Q01, Q22, Q24, Q25, Q28

Form over Function

This chapter provides an overview of the system of local government and politics. It reviews the institutional and management structures, policy functions, and financial profiles of local government units. The chapter emphasizes that successive waves of reform have done little to establish a robust system of local government, and, indeed, that legislative changes have focused on institutional form over function at several junctures. The number of local authorities has been rationalized, and while the official position stresses enhanced policy and administrative roles, any rigorous analysis must conclude that local government has been hollowed out. Local elections have become more regular since a constitutional change in 2001, and while they have obvious ‘second order’ aspects, candidate numbers are robust, turnout remains reasonable relative to other contests, and there is a strong perception that councillors are embedded in their communities.

Institutional Innovations in India: An Assessment of Producer Companies as New-Generation Co-operative Companies

There are many types of innovations such as technological, social, product, process, marketing and organizational, and institutional innovation is one type. The producer companies (PCs), which are a case of legal institutional innovation in the Indian domain of primary producer organization are more market-oriented co-operative companies and can help farmers buy and sell more effectively. They have gained currency across India during the past 15 years since the amendment to the Companies Act made this possible in 2003, and India now has thousands of such PCs, with many of them being supported by state agencies. This article examines the uniqueness of these entities as an institutional form wherein principles of co-operation and corporate entity have been combined so that they could be more relevant entities in a globalized and liberalized market environment. It discusses their competitive edge over other forms of producer organizations like co-operative societies in India and farmer companies in Sri Lanka, and new-generation co-operatives in other parts of the world. After discussing some innovations in their governance and management, it concludes by making suggestions for augmenting this institutional innovation for inclusive and sustainable agricultural and rural development.

The Institutional Form of Policyholder Protection Scheme in Indonesia (A Comparison Study Between Indonesia, Malaysia, and South Korea)

This study is about the urgency of establishing a Policyholder Protection Fund for policyholders and insurance companies in Indonesia. The discussion in this study includes the urgency of establishing a Policyholder Protection Fund in Indonesia, the comparison study between Indonesia, Malaysia and South Korea Policyholder Protection Funds that can be applied in Indonesia. The research method used is a normative juridical research method. The author concludes that the Policyholder Protection Fund in Indonesia should immediately be established. This is because many insurance companies have failed to pay and the Policyholder Protection Fund can provide benefits to policyholders in the form of legal protection. The Policyholder Protection Fund can also provide benefits to the economic system in general. Also, the form of the policyholder guarantee program that can be applied in Indonesia is as an independent institution that is separate from the Deposit Insurance Corporation.

Visions and Realities in Hong Kong Anglican Mission Schools, 1849–1941

This article explores the tension between missionary hopes for mass conversion through Christian education and the reality of operating mission schools in one colonial context: Hong Kong. Riding on the wave of British imperial expansion, George Smith, the first bishop of the diocese of Victoria, had a vision for mission schooling in colonial Hong Kong. In 1851, Smith established St Paul's College as an Anglo-Chinese missionary institution to educate, equip and send out Chinese young people who would subsequently participate in mission work before evangelizing the whole of China. However, Smith's vision failed to take institutional form as the college encountered operational difficulties and graduates opted for more lucrative employment instead of church work. Moreover, the colonial government moved from a laissez-faire to a more hands-on approach in supervising schools. The bishops of Victoria were compelled to reshape their schools towards more sustainable institutional forms while making compromises regarding their vision for Christian education.

MODERN MODELS OF PROVIDING AUTONOMY OF HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS (ANALYSIS OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES EXPERIENCE)

In this article, the process of ensuring the autonomy of higher education institutions in the developing countries of the world, the main tools, factors and models in this regard have been studied. Also in the article, the importance of ensuring academic freedom in ensuring the quality of education in higher educational institutions, the peculiarities of the autonomy of higher educational institutions as an institutional form of academic freedom are analyzed by the example of foreign state experience.

Foundation Management's Liability for the Criminal Action of Foundation Funds Abusing Justice for All (YKUS)

This type of research used in this research is normative analysis legal research. By using primary and secondary legal materials, along with tertiary legal materials as supporting materials. Foundations are regulated in Law Number 16 of 2001 concerning Foundations (Law No. 16-2001) and amendments to Law Number 28 of 2004 concerning Amendments to Law Number 16 of 2001 concerning Foundations (Law No. 28-2004). Then followed up with Government Regulation Number 63 of 2008 and Government Regulation Number 2 of 2013 concerning Amendments to Government Regulation Number 63 of 2008 concerning Implementation of the Law on Foundations (PP No.2-2013), and Regulation of the Minister of Law and Human Rights Number 5 of 2014 concerning Ratification of Foundation Legal Entities (PMH No. 5-2014). A person who establishes a foundation must have clear aims and objectives, namely one of which is for social, religious and humanitarian purposes. It’s undeniable that Article 3 paragraph (1) of Law no. 16-2001 that a foundation can carry out business activities to support the achievement of its goals and objectives by establishing a business entity and/or participating in a business entity. YKUS is a form of organization that operates in the social, religious and humanitarian fields. This is the basis for the AD/ART of YKUS to carry out activities that support humanity in the dynamics of national development. When YKUS funds as an institutional form must be used constitutionally for the benefit of the foundation and the institution, then there is direct supervision by supervisors, administrators and supervisors in anticipating Foundation funds where abuse of power may occur.