Determination of parameters of surface defects for quality control of repair work on submerged crossings

2021 ◽  
pp. 554-561
Author(s):  
Олег Игоревич Колесников ◽  
Евгений Евгеньевич Зорин ◽  
Алексей Викторович Гейт ◽  
Игорь Игоревич Михайлов ◽  
Петр Сергеевич Голосов
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Nondestructive Testing ◽  
Surface Crack ◽  
Surface Defects ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Repair Work ◽  
Non Destructive

Внутритрубная диагностика позволяет обеспечить высокую выявляемость поверхностных трещиноподобных дефектов стенки трубопровода. Для их устранения в условиях проведения ремонтных работ на подводных переходах магистральных нефте- и нефтепродуктопроводов традиционно используется установка герметизирующей камеры, изолирующей дефектный участок и позволяющей в полной мере провести обследование области с опасным дефектом и дальнейший ремонт с применением методов неразрушающего контроля. Данная технология является безальтернативной, когда требуется вырезка-вварка катушки или другая сварочно-монтажная операция, однако представляется избыточной для устранения поверхностного дефекта методом вышлифовки. Современные технологии позволяют устранить поверхностный трещиноподобный дефект без установки герметизирующей камеры и тем самым значительно уменьшить трудоемкость и стоимость ремонта. Однако их широкое применение сдерживается отсутствием технической возможности проведения контроля качества отремонтированного участка под водой методами неразрушающего контроля с эквивалентной чувствительностью и выявляемостью относительно обычных условий. В этой связи выполнены экспериментальные исследования с целью определения пороговых значений параметров поверхностных трещиноподобных дефектов, выявляемых методами неразрушающего контроля в подводных условиях с учетом качества зашлифованной поверхности. Такие значения получены, в частности, для метода ультразвукового контроля с технологией фазированной решетки, модуляционного метода контроля с использованием вихретоковой матрицы, люминесцентного магнитопорошкового метода. Сформулированы требования к характеристикам оборудования для проведения неразрушающего контроля в условиях подводных работ. In-line diagnostics makes it possible to secure high detectability of surface crack-like defects of the pipeline wall. To eliminate them in conditions of repair work performed on submerge crossings of main oil and oil products pipelines, the installation of a sealing chamber is traditionally used to isolate the defective area and to enable a full-investigation of the area with a hazardous defect and further repairs, by non-destructive testing methods. This technology has no alternatives when cutting and welding of the coil or other welding and assembly operation is required, but it seems redundant for elimination of a surface defect by grinding method. Modern technologies make it possible to eliminate a surface crack-like defect without installing a sealing chamber and thereby can substantially cut manpower input and cost of repair. Their widespread use is deterred by the lack of technical possibility for quality control of the repaired area under water by nondestructive testing methods with equivalent sensitivity and detectability versus the normal conditions. In this regard, experimental research has been conducted to determine the threshold values of the parameters of surface crack-like defects detected by non-destructive testing methods in submerged conditions, taking into account the quality of the sanded surface. Such values were obtained, in particular, for the ultrasonic testing method with phased array technology, the modulation control technique using eddy current matrix, and the luminescent magnetic powder method. Requirements to performance characteristics of equipment for nondestructive testing in submerged operations have been formulated.

Nondestructive Testing and Structural Condition Monitoring of Mechanical Cables

1993 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 133-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricio A. A. Laura
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Emission ◽  
Nondestructive Testing ◽  
Condition Monitoring ◽  
Structural Condition ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Acoustic Emission Method ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Emission Method ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Non Destructive

This article concerns the problem of evaluating the `structural health’ of cables or ropes by means of non-destructive testing methods. Special emphasis is placed upon electromagnetic techniques and the acoustic emission method.

Assessment of influence of surface crack-like stress concentrators on main pipeline operability

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
Дмитрий Александрович Неганов ◽  
Евгений Евгеньевич Зорин ◽  
Николай Евгеньевич Зорин
Keyword(s):  
Surface Crack ◽  
Surface Defect ◽  
Surface Defects ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Stress Concentrators ◽  
Trunk Pipeline ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Twofold Excess

Устранение поверхностных трещиноподобных дефектов типа «риска» на участках подводных переходов магистральных трубопроводов возможно методом вышлифовки на глубину до 20 % толщины трубы. Ранее было подтверждено, что в подводных условиях все основные методы неразрушающего контроля позволяют стабильно выявлять имеющиеся в зоне вышлифовки произвольно ориентированные поверхностные дефекты протяженностью от 20 мм и глубиной от 1,5 мм. Однако при меньших геометрических параметрах дефектов имеется вероятность их неполного устранения либо необнаружения. Для оценки возможности эксплуатации трубопровода с поверхностным дефектом с учетом принятых режимов диагностики проведены циклические испытания по критериям механики разрушений полноразмерных образцов с нанесенными в зоне вышлифовки поверхностными трещиноподобными концентраторами напряжений указанных размеров. Все группы образцов показали более чем двукратное превышение длительности инкубационного периода развития трещины по сравнению с количеством циклов нагружения, которое может испытать трубопровод за средний межинспекционный период эксплуатации. По результатам испытаний подтверждена возможность проведения ремонта поверхностных трещиноподобных дефектов типа «риска» на подводных переходах магистральных трубопроводов с различным сроком эксплуатации методом вышлифовки без установки кессона на ремонтируемый участок. Elimination of surface crack-like defects of the “risk” type on underwater crossing sections of trunk pipelines is possible by grinding to a depth of up to 20 % of pipe thickness. Previously, it was confirmed that in underwater conditions, all main non-destructive testing methods make it possible to stably identify randomly oriented surface defects in the grinding zone with a length of 20 mm and a depth of 1.5 mm. However, with smaller geometric parameters of defects, there is a possibility of their incomplete elimination or non-detection. To assess the possibility of operating a pipeline with surface defect, taking into account the accepted diagnostic modes, cyclic tests were carried out according to the fracture mechanics criteria of full-size specimens with surface crack-like stress concentrators of the indicated sizes applied in the grinding zone. All groups of samples showed more than a twofold excess of the duration of crack development incubation period in comparison with the number of loading cycles that the pipeline can experience during the average inter-inspection period of operation. Based on the test results, the possibility of repairing surface crack-like defects of the “risk” type at trunk pipeline underwater crossings with different service life by grinding without installing a caisson on the repaired section was confirmed.

Estimation of Thickness of Concrete Slab Members Using Impact Echo Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 605 ◽  
pp. 139-142
Author(s):  
Seong Uk Hong ◽  
Yong Taeg Lee ◽  
Seung Hun Kim ◽  
J.H. Na
Keyword(s):  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Impact Echo ◽  
Maintenance And Repair ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Impact Echo Method

Recently, the interest in maintenance and repair of existing concrete structures have increased, and it is typical to use non-destructive testing methods such as rebound hardness test or ultrasonic pulse velocity method to execute maintenance and repair of structures efficiently. Many non-destructive testing methods are being used in practice such as at construction sites, but verification for site applications are quite inadequate. Thus, this study intends to evaluate the applicability of Impact Echo Method which is one of the non-destructive testing methods using stress wave. Total of four specimens were planned and produced. The thickness of concrete slab members was estimated using I.E(OLSENs Freedom Data PC with Win.TFS Software Version 2.5.2). The estimated materials of concrete members by IE was found to be IE-1 specimen 178mm, IE-2 specimen 197mm, IE-3 specimen 191mm, and IE-4 specimen 263mm, and the error rate was found to be 4.22%~18.67% (average 9.6%), showing that they are relatively well in agreement. In this study, the experiments were executed with the objective of estimating the thickness of concrete slab members using Impact Echo Method. Through this study, the applicability of thickness estimation in concrete slab members using impact echo method could be confirmed.

Review on the Development of Non-Destructive Testing Based on Laser Ultrasonic Technique

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanfeng He ◽  
Wenwu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Optical Method ◽  
Vibration Signal ◽  
Quality Inspection ◽  
Ultrasonic Technique ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Laser Ultrasonic ◽  
Ultrasonic Technology ◽  
Non Destructive

Development of industry demands better performance of equipments and devices than ever. The property of material used to produce the equipments is the precondition to ensure the quality. As equipments are usually required to be integral during the quality inspection, non-destructive testing (NDT) plays an increasingly import role in modern industry quality control. Different NDT methods are introduced and analyzed. The mechanism of ultrasonic exciting is described. After the ultrasonic is excited, the vibration signal can be detected by transducer or optical method which are then illustrated. In the section of development of laser ultrasonic technology, contributions made by various researchers in theoretic development, experiment, simulation and application are introduced and the corresponding content of the researches as well. The conclusion and the outlook of laser ultrasonic technique is made at the last.

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