scholarly journals Why was the Colossus computer built? (unknown pages of the history of computer science)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgenii Zlobin
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Absolute

In the article is described the use of the 1st world computer Colossus for the breaking of the ciphers of supreme German command, including Hitler. The unique Memoirs of the codebraker, who worked during the years of war in the center of decoding in the Bletchley Park, served as source. In view of the absolute secrecy of project in time of 60 years, Memoirs were written after project declassification in the early 2000s. Memoirs were published after author death.

The World after the End of the World

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kas Saghafi
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
End Of The World

In several late texts, Derrida meditated on Paul Celan's poem ‘Grosse, Glühende Wölbung’, in which the departure of the world is announced. Delving into the ‘origin’ and ‘history’ of the ‘conception’ of the world, this paper suggests that, for Derrida, the end of the world is determined by and from death—the death of the other. The death of the other marks, each and every time, the absolute end of the world.

Responsive Architecture and the Problem of Obsolescence

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Meagher
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Material Response ◽  
Responsive Architecture ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One

Responsive architecture, a design field that has arisen in recent decades at the intersection of architecture and computer science, invokes a material response to digital information and implies the capacity of the building to respond dynamically to changing stimuli. The question I will address in the paper is whether it is possible for the responsive components of architecture to become a poetically expressive part of the building, and if so why this result has so rarely been achieved in contemporary and recent built work. The history of attitudes to- ward obsolescence in buildings is investigated as one explanation for the rarity of examples like the one considered here that successfully overcomes the rapid obsolescence of responsive components and makes these elements an integral part of the work of architecture. In conclusion I identify strategies for the design of responsive components as poetically expressive elements of architecture.

scholarly journals ACM-W: global growth for a local impact

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jodi Tims ◽  
Reyyan Ayfer
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Global Impact ◽  
Computing Machinery ◽  
Scientific Organizations ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
Full Participation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Local Impact ◽  
Global Growth

Abstract ACM-W is the community within the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) that is dedicated to issues of gender equality in Computer Science. ACM-W works globally to support, celebrate and advocate for the full participation of women in all aspects of the computing field. This article presents a brief history of ACM-W with an emphasis on the global growth of the organization. A summary of the primary programs of ACM-W is provided to further highlight the global impact of our work. Also included are examples of how ACM-W is partnering with other computing and scientific organizations to realize greater impact in the arena of gender equality.

scholarly journals A review of Elizabeth Wilson's Affect and artificial intelligence

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tung Manh Ho
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Affective Computing ◽  
Biographical Data ◽  
History Of

Wilson’s book is of great interest to readers of the biographical history of computer science and, more importantly, humanities scholars who would like to explore how emotions influence the works of early pioneers amongst AI theoreticians and engineers. However, I present three areas where the book can improve: engaging with affective computing, acculturation of emotion, and organization of biographical data.

scholarly journals An Overview and Evaluation of the Cat Market Design Competition

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Miller ◽  
Jinzhong Niu ◽  
Martin Chapman ◽  
Peter McBurney
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Mechanism Design ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Market Design ◽  
The State ◽  
Online Commerce ◽  
Competitive Environments ◽  
Online Marketplaces ◽  
Design Competition ◽  
History Of

The rise of online commerce has led to an emerging discipline at the intersection of economics and computer science, a discipline which studies the properties and dynamics of automated trading in online marketplaces. The CAT Market Design Tournament was created to promote research into the design and deployment of economic mechanisms for such online marketplaces, particularly mechanisms able to adapt automatically to dynamic competitive environments. This research competition, which ran from 2007 to 2011), was won by four different teams and had entrants from thirteen countries. This chapter describes the motivation and history of the tournament and presents research that has arisen from it. The winners were experimentally “played off” to evaluate whether the state of the art in automated mechanism design improved during the CAT competition. The results show a clear and consistent improvement, supporting the belief that the competition has encouraged research in the field.

O Brave New World? The Union of England and Scotland in 1603

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Wormald
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Profound Impact ◽  
History Of ◽  
Brave New World ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
James Iv

This chapter discusses the drama and tension of the accession, and the history of the Union of the Crowns in the lifetime of James. James VI was proclaimed King of England when Elizabeth died. It was ruthlessly silent about James' Anglo-Scottish ancestry. But what James VI had inherited from his Stuart ancestors, most notably James IV and the even more effective James V, was a lofty vision of the diplomatic importance of the King of Scots and his ability to have an impact on other European countries. In 1603, the brutal fact was that the Scots and the English disliked one another intensely. The theme of Anglo-Scottish hostility is briefly outlined. The Union of 1603 did have a profound impact on his style of kingship. It was also noted that the dearth of Tudor heirs contributed to the absolute problem of finding different kings for England and Scotland. When celebrating the fourth centenary of that momentous event, the toast was certainly to King James.

Plagiarised Prophecy in the Romantic Works of al-Manfalūṭī, al-ᶜAqqād and al-Māzinī

2019 ◽  
pp. 74-113
Author(s):  
Maya I. Kesrouany
Keyword(s):  
Arabic Literature ◽  
Sentimental Fiction ◽  
Colonial Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Absolute

The chapter focuses on the free, and occasionally plagiarized adaptations of three major figures of early Egyptian romanticism - Muṣṭafā Luṭfī al-Manfalūṭī, Abbās Maḥmūd al-‘Aqqād, Ibrāhīm al-Mazinī. It reads the free appropriation of French romantic and sentimental fiction as well as British romantic thought paradigmatically as making possible prophetic narration with a displaced origin. The origin is forgotten in a translation that refuses to name itself as such. It explores the birth of a romantic notion of literary prophecy in relation to a history of plagiarism in Arabic literature, challenging readings of the absolute modernity of the translators studied. It also situates translation as appropriation in relation to the changing function of literature in the early 20th-century, pointing to its new agency in producing moral didacticism. Reading their translations and their essays/articles together, the chapter locates a different form of romantic prophecy that is not secular but rather disruptive of the hegemonies of colonial time.

scholarly journals The CBR frequency spectrum below 1 GHz recent results and new observations

1992 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 297-298
Author(s):  
G. Sironi ◽  
G. Bonelli ◽  
M. Gervasi
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Spectrum ◽  
Absolute Temperature ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
The Universe

AbstractWe are carrying on measurements of the absolute temperature of the CBR at various frequencies near and below 1 GHz, looking for so far undetected deviations from a planckian spectrum. The amplitude and frequency of those distortions can give precious information about the history of the Universe.

The Unavoidable Intentionality of Affect: The History of Emotions and the Neurosciences of the Present Day

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
William M. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Dynamic Activity ◽  
History Of Emotions ◽  
History Of

The “problem of emotions,” that is, that many of them are both meaningful and corporeal, has yet to be resolved. Western thinkers, from Augustine to Descartes to Zajonc, have handled this problem by employing various forms of mind–body dualism. Some psychologists and neuroscientists since the 1970s have avoided it by talking about cognitive and emotional “processing,” using a terminology borrowed from computer science that nullifies the meaningful or intentional character of both thought and emotion. Outside the Western-influenced contexts, emotion and thought are not seen as distinct kinds of things. Here a solution of sorts is proposed by thinking of emotional expression as a dynamic activity that declares and stirs emotions at the same time. As such, its dynamism may help historians to understand the dramatic changes and trends they investigate.

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