Political Endorsements by Scientific Organizations Reduce Trust in Scientific Expertise During COVID-19

High-profile political endorsements by scientific organizations and publications have been common in recent years, which raises concerns about political backlash against the endorsing organization in particular and scientific expertise in general. In a pre-registered large-sample online controlled experiment, I randomly assign subjects to receive information about Nature's endorsement of Joe Biden for the 2020 U.S. presidential election in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Seeing the endorsement message leads to large reductions in self-reported trust in Nature among Trump supporters. This distrust translates into lower demand for COVID-related information provided by Nature, as evidenced by substantially reduced requests for Nature articles on vaccine efficacy and emerging COVID variants when offered. The endorsement also reduces Trump supporters' stated trust in scientists in general, suggesting "reputational externalities" on the scientific community. Treatment effect estimates for Biden supporters are positive but small and often statistically insignificant across outcomes. Finally, I find little evidence that the endorsement is successful at changing subjects' views about Biden and Trump. These results show political endorsement by scientific organizations can undermine public confidence in the endorsing organization and in the scientific community.

The Subject and Concept of Innovation Activity (Projection on Russian Specifics)

The role of innovations in the development of society is considered. It is shown that innovations are a routine economic process of enterprise development, requiring the involvement of a number of resources for implementation. The availability of resources, the complexity of their acquire and use determine the demand for innovative approaches to the development of enterprises and the economy as a whole. The article compares the problems of innovative development faced by enterprises and scientific organizations abroad and in Russia. The differences in the problems and tasks that need to be solved are shown. As a result, the approaches to stimulating innovative development that are used abroad do not always give comparable results in Russia. At the same time, there are problems in Russia that are not relevant abroad and, as a result, are not discussed there. The focus on borrowing foreign solutions leads to the fact that the tasks relevant for Russia are not discussed in the expert community and are not solved practically.

On the Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Scientific Research

The regulatory framework for evaluating the effectiveness of scientific research within the national scientific system, at the level of individual scientific organizations and researchers is considered. The analysis of individual indicators of scientific performance at the national level is carried out. In particular, the following indicators were analyzed: publication and patent activity, development and use of advanced technologies, commercialization of technologies in the domestic market and international technological exchange. The compliance of evaluation indicators at the level of scientific organizations and certification of researchers with indicators used at the national level is analyzed. It is concluded that till now the evaluation system usedhad little impact on decision-making on the allocation of resources for scientific research. Low attention of the expert community to the transfer of developments to the real sector was noted, although the available statistics show that there is an interest in new technologies on the part of manufacturing enterprises.

Physical inactivity – The human health’s greatest enemy

For decades, research has been highlighting the positive impact of physical activity on health. Despite the immense efforts made by many professional and scientific organizations to raise individual and societal awareness about the role of a sufficient quantity and intensity of physical activity in everyday life and to increase the level of adherence, the situation is still very worrying. Even more worrying is the fact that increasingly prolonged periods of physical inactivity are insidiously and aggressively taking over modern people’s lives – at school, at work, at home, even at leisure. It is probably incomprehensible and difficult for many to accept, but physical inactivity is becoming the first and worst enemy of health in today’s society.

Differentiation of Stakeholders' Impact on Ecosystem Institutions

This study aims to determine the differentiation of the impact of stakeholders on the institutional configuration of the microeconomic ecosystem. The object of this study was the stakeholders of the microeconomic ecosystem. The study scope is the economic relations between the subjects of economic activity on the impact on the formation and institutional development of the microeconomic ecosystem. The analysis of previous studies is carried out, and the main stakeholders of microeconomic ecosystems are identified. These include public organizations, consumers, suppliers, competitors, educational and scientific organizations, government authorities, and social media. The method of PEST analysis of the factors of the company's microenvironment identifies social, technological, economic, political and cultural institutions of the company's external environment. Based on the analysis of the results of published scientific research, various levels of influence (strong, medium, weak) of the main stakeholders on the institutional configuration of the microeconomic ecosystem are determined. It is shown that the uneven importance of stakeholders in the formation of the institutional configuration of the microeconomic ecosystem can be the basis for the development of strategic plans for the development of ecosystems.

Provision of measures to monitor the activities of Small innovative enterprises established at universities and scientific organizations in Russia

The article describes measures to ensure monitoring of the activities of small innovative enterprises, analysis of the monitoring results, as well as the scientific and technological reserves available to the founders, which they consider possible to use for the creation of small innovative enterprises

Citation in science and approaches to the evaluation of scientific contributions

The editorial board brings to your attention a reprint of the article by S.G.Kara-Murza, published in 1981. The author personally met and debated with the creator of the Science Citation Index Eugene Garfield: recognizing the importance of bibliometry for science studies, Sergey Georgievich defends the inadmissibility of using citation indexes to evaluate the scientific contribution of individual researchers and scientific organizations. It would require the fulfillment of a number of unrealizable conditions in practice so that the citation could not distort the scientific contribution. After four decades since the publication of the article, it must be recognized that the relevance of the problem has not exhausted itself. Measuring the effectiveness of scientists by formal quantitative parameters has taken root to the status of official for scientific reports, aggravated by the prioritization of journal articles in comparison with fundamental monographic works. Arguments have repeatedly been heard in the scientific community explaining the problematic nature of objective indicators for assessing the productivity and scientific significance and scientific potential of scientists, especially in the field of socio-humanitarian knowledge. The discussion on the introduction of quantitative methods for evaluating the effectiveness of scientists' work continues. In this regard, the editorial board of the journal considers it appropriate to invite our readers to familiarize themselves with the point of view set forth in the publication of the famous scientist S.G.Kara-Murza 40 years ago.

Peer review declaration

All papers published in this volume of Journal of Physics: Conference Series have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing. • Type of peer review: Single-blind / Double-blind / Triple-blind / Open / Other (please describe) An international scientific committee selected papers corresponding to the following criteria: a paper should have more than 8 pages and contain new scientific results, which are in the thematic area of the conference. Next, each selected paper underwent scientific peer review and technical check. The type of peer review was double-blind scientific peer review. At least 3 reviewers from different scientific organizations participated in the review of one paper. In case of disagreement between the reviewers, additional reviewers were involved. All papers are also checked for plagiarism, image quality and quality of the English language. • Conference submission management system: Open Journal System • Number of submissions received: 1240 • Number of submissions sent for review: 1157 • Number of submissions accepted: 493 Acceptance Rate (Number of Submissions Accepted / Number of Submissions Received X 100): 39.75 • Average number of reviews per paper: 3 reviewers per paper • Total number of reviewers involved: 132 • Any additional info on review process: Contact person for queries: Name: Vera Murgul Affiliation: Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia Email: [email protected]

BORYS PATON AS A SCIENTIFIC LEADER, OUTSTANDING ORGANISER, AND TIRELESS DEFENDER OF NATIONAL SCIENCE IN UKRAINE

The speech reveals the figure of Borys Paton as a scientific leader, outstanding organiser, and tireless defender of national science in Ukraine. The warm memories of personal communication with the world-renowned and well-known scientist are given. The key principles of Borys Paton activity are grounded; compliance with them made it possible to turn the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic into one of the most efficient scientific organizations in the country. Attention is drawn to the unique role of Borys Paton in the years of independent Ukraine, first of all, regarding the establishment of the national branch academies of sciences. Borys Paton initiatives on developing the Joint Activity Program of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine for 2020-2022, establishing and legislative consolidating the Council of the Presidents of the National Academies of Sciences of Ukraine are enlightened. The virtual exhibitions created in NAES of Ukraine are presented: “Borys Paton. His Life is an Era in Science” of V.O. Sukhomlynskyi State Scientific and Pedagogical Library of Ukraine, and “Borys Paton and the Ukrainian Humanities” of the Pedagogical Museum of Ukraine.

VIII-th International Young Scientists Conference on Information Technologies, Telecommunications and Control Systems

The VIII-th International Young Scientists Conference on Information Technologies, Telecommunications and Control Systems (ITTCS) will be held from 16th to 17th of December, 2021, at the Innopolis University. The Conference agenda will work as a competence platform, providing facilities for efficient communication to boost the IT science and engineering knowledge of young scientists and help them in their professional development. Young scientists will be given a unique chance not only to improve their presentation skills and public speaking abilities but to gain an experience of scientific publication. The importance of the project lies in the need to create conditions for the growth of recognition of a young scientist in world scientific circles and an increase in interest in his work, an increase in the level of scientific publications of students, postgraduate students and young scientists, and an increase in their quality. The exchange of experience in the field of professional interests with colleagues from foreign and Russian universities and scientific organizations will improve the qualifications of researchers and establish promising scientific contacts among young scientists. List of Programm Committee, General Chair are available in this pdf.