scholarly journals Hydrogeological map of the Dinaric Karst Aquifer System

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloé Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Karst Aquifer ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Dinaric Karst ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Ne Italy ◽  
Aquifer Systems ◽  
Hydrogeological Map ◽  
Karst Aquifer System

Groundwaters of the Dinaric Karst form some of the world's largest karst aquifer systems. The Dinaric region contains huge amounts of high quality groundwater. It is one of the major contributors of freshwater entering the Adriatic Sea. The Dinaric Karst Aquifer System extends from NE Italy through Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Montenegro to Albania. Karst formations connected with the Dinaric carbonate chain outcrop also in Serbia, FYR Macedonia, and possibly in NW Greece. In the framework of the DIKTAS GEF-project (2010-2014) executed by UNESCO-IHP, the four DIKTAS project countries (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Montenegro) have agreed to create two mechanisms in order to facilitate enhanced consultation and exchange of information between the governmental entities that are involved in water resources management. Groundwater Karst Transboundary

Karst springs in small islands: The Kamari spring (Mylopotamos) in Kythira Island, Greece

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Karalemas ◽  
Christos Filis ◽  
Emmanuel Skourtsos ◽  
Haralambos Kranis ◽  
Stylianos Lozios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Karst Aquifer ◽  
Spring Discharge ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Recharge Area ◽  
Annual Fluctuation ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Aquifer Systems ◽  
Karst Aquifer System ◽  
Carbonate Formations

<p>Three main aquifer systems developed on Kythira Island (Greece) include (Pagounis, 1981; Pagounis & Gertsos, 1984, Danamos, 1991; Koumantakis et al., 2006; Filis et al., 2019):</p><ul><li>The porous aquifer system in Neogene and Quaternary formations.</li> <li>The karst aquifer system in the carbonate formations of the Pindos and Tripolis Units.</li> <li>The aquifer system (both shallow and deep) in the fractured hard rocks mainly of the Phyllites – Quartzites Unit.</li> </ul><p>The main discharge of the aquifer systems takes place in coastal and submarine brackish springs around the island, except for its northern part where the Phyllites – Quartzites Unit outcrops and its central part where springs of small capacity discharge the carbonate formations of the Pindos Unit.</p><p>Precipitation is the direct recharge of the three aforementioned aquifer systems while indirectly lateral discharge occurs in places between adjacent and tangential aquifer systems and from the streams runoff as well.</p><p>In the area of Mylopotamos village four springs discharge the karst aquifer of the Pindos Unit within the channel of Kako Laghadi stream forming downstream the known “Neraida or Fonissa waterfall”. Moreover, along the dell of Kako Laghadi stream 22 watermills were built, among the plane trees and the ivy.</p><p>The most significant of the aforementioned springs is the Kamari spring (+282.28 meters a.s.l.) which emerge at the thrust fault between the overlying permeable carbonates and the underlying impermeable flysch formation of the Pindos Unit. The discharge of the Kamari spring presents annual fluctuation which varies from app. 45-50 m<sup>3</sup>/h (during winter) to total recession (during summer), due to restriction of the precipitation and the prolonged drought and overpumping of its recharge area mainly with boreholes.</p><p>The inactive municipal borehole of Mylopotamos village (+299.15 meters a.s.l.) is located app. 310 meters SSE of the Kamari spring within its recharge area (karst aquifer of the Pindos Unit). This borehole of a total depth of 40 meters penetrates carbonates of the Pindos Unit which thickness exceeds 100 meters in that area. Monthly measurements of the Kamari spring discharge and the water table head in the inactive borehole demonstrate clear and direct hydraulic correlation between them. The Kamari spring presents outflow only in the case when the water level head of the borehole exceeds +282.28 meters. This means that the water level head in the borehole should not exceed 16.87 meters from the earth surface. Taking into account all the aforementioned, the Kamari spring is designated as an overflow spring.</p><p>Finally, microbiological analysis from the Kamari spring showed qualitative degradation, due to human activities in the wider area (Pagounis, 1981; Filis et al., 2019).</p>

scholarly journals Simulation of Regional Karst Aquifer System and Assessment of Groundwater Resources in Manatí-Vega Baja, Puerto Rico

2015 ◽  
Vol 07 (12) ◽  
pp. 909-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balati Maihemuti ◽  
Reza Ghasemizadeh ◽  
Xue Yu ◽  
Ingrid Padilla ◽  
Akram N. Alshawabkeh
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Karst Aquifer ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Karst Aquifer System ◽  
Vega Baja

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Wenner-Schlumberger and Dipole-dipole Array of 2D Geoelectrical Survey to Detect The Occurring of Groundwater in the Gunung Kidul Karst Aquifer System, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oktanius Richard Hermawan ◽  
Doni Prakasa Eka Putra
Keyword(s):  
Karst Aquifer ◽  
Groundwater Exploration ◽  
Karst Area ◽  
Karst Terrain ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Crystalline Limestone ◽  
Karst Aquifer System ◽  
Dipole Configuration ◽  
Underground River ◽  
Water Saturated

Until today, geoelectrical survey is the most effective method for groundwater exploration. 2D method or known as horizontal profiling is now the most appropriate method in the geoelectrical survey compare to vertical electrical sounding method. The 2D method of Wenner-Schlumberger and Dipole-dipole configuration proved to be very effective to locate conventional aquifer occurrence on volcanic terrain or sedimentary terrain. Karst aquifer system is an unconventional aquifer and acts very differ in contrast with the conventional sedimentary aquifer. Heterogeneity and discontinuity of limestones in karst terrain will reveal a wide variety of resistivities, hence it is difficult to interpret. This research has important objective to define the effectiveness of the Wenner-Schlumberger and Dipole-dipole configuration in the 2D geoelectrical survey to explore groundwater in the karst area. Field observation of geology and 2D geoelectrical survey were conducted in underground river of Kali Suci Area, Gunung Kidul. In Kali Suci where an endokarst cave was occured on the surface, line survey was placed in the top of the cave and across the geometry of the cave. Measured stratigraphy in the wall of the cave found four types of limestone which consist of packstone, wackestone, grainstone and crystalline limestone. The Wenner-Schlumberger and Dipole-dipole method can detect differentiation of limestone types and also the exposed underground river successfully. However, compared to Wenner-Schlumberger array, Dipole-dipole array reveals less vertical accuration.. Therefore, on this research, the best method to detect water saturated zone or gourndwater in the karst system is the Wenner-Schlumberger method.

scholarly journals Analysis of Hydrogeochemical Characteristics of Tunnel Groundwater Based on Multivariate Statistical Technology

Geofluids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Chen Peng ◽  
Yuanming Liu ◽  
Huiyu Chen ◽  
Qiaowei Yuan ◽  
Qingzhi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saturation Index ◽  
Karst Aquifer ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Tunnel Excavation ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Karst Aquifer System ◽  
Natural Water Bodies

Following tunnel excavation, which is influenced by hydraulic fracturing and geological structure, a series of hydrochemical reactions occur in the karst aquifer, which has a significant impact on groundwater hydrology and the earth process. Based on five sets of 38 samples collected in the Tongzi Tunnel in 2020 and 2021, the main geochemical processes and water quality conditions of the karst aquifer system during tunnel construction were revealed by multivariate statistical analysis and graphical methods. The results showed that water-rock action is the main mechanism controlling groundwater chemistry in the study area; HCO3-, Ca2+, and Mg2+ are associated with the widely distributed carbonate rocks in the study area. SO42- is derived from gypsum and sulfate rocks and special strata, which are another important source of Ca2+. Sodium-containing silicates and reverse cation exchange as the causal mechanisms of Na+ whereas F- is derived from fluorite. According to the mineral saturation index calculations, the dissolution and precipitation of minerals such as alum, gypsum, calcite, dolomite, and salt rock have an important influence on the main chemical components in water. The 38 samples were subjected to cluster analysis, and the results could be classified into seven categories. The representative clusters 1, 3, and 5 were selected for principal component analysis. Clusters 1 and 5 of groundwater represent weathering, dissolution, and ion exchange of carbonate and sulfate rocks and are closely related to the lithologic limestone, limestone intercalated with carbonaceous mudstone, carbonaceous mudstone, and coal-measure strata in the aquifer. Cluster 3 is dominated by upper surface river water and characterizes the geochemistry in natural water bodies dominated by the dissolution of carbonate, sulfate, and salt rocks. Finally, groundwater quality is mostly found in Class IV, with NO3- and F- being the main contaminants in the water.

Hydrogeologic Behavior of a Complex and Mature Karst Aquifer System under Drought Condition

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 643-671
Author(s):  
Christos P. Petalas ◽  
Konstantinos N. Moutsopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Karst Aquifer ◽  
Drought Condition ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Karst Aquifer System
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document