scholarly journals An Analysis of Humanitarian Military Intervention in Nigeria: Focus on Saving Victims or Defeating Boko Haram?

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Tiffany Setyo Pratiwi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Humanitarian Intervention ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
African Union ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Boko Haram ◽  
Humanitarian Crisis ◽  
Internet Studies ◽  
Humanitarian Interventions

ABSTRACT This paper discusses the humanitarian intervention in Nigeria because the Boko Haram’s attack. Humanitarian intervention was carried out because there had been gross human rights violations in an area and the government's inability to solve them. Boko Haram attack has caused a humanitarian crisis in Nigeria. Unfortunately, Nigeria has been unable to solve the problem. Boko Haram is a separatist group that wants to replace Nigeria’s legitimate government to Sharia Law. Thus, humanitarian intervention is needed. This paper will explain three sub chapters of the discussion, such as: First, the political and economic conditions in Nigeria. Second, process of Boko Haram attack. Third, humanitarian intervention efforts in Nigeria carried out by international actors, such as: The African Union, some countries in Africa, the United States and some international humanitarian agencies. The research method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative method. Data sources from literature and internet studies. This paper finds that the humanitarian intervention consists of a military approach and a socio-economic approach. In 2020, humanitarian interventions focus on recovery in education, health issues, and assisting the shelter of refugees.    

Humanitarian Intervention, American Public Opinion, and the Future of R2P

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 324-345
Author(s):  
Jon Western
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Humanitarian Intervention ◽  
International System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Mass Violence ◽  
Civil Conflicts ◽  
The Public ◽  
Humanitarian Interventions ◽  
Permissive Condition

AbstractThis article examines the evolution of humanitarian interventions in the 1990s and examines whether or not R2P can be a catalyst for shifting the norm of humanitarian intervention from a permissive condition – whereby it is generally considered allowable in the international system – to an obligation on states to protect against mass violence against civilians. I conclude that shifting to a norm of obligation is likely to be a tough sell in the United States. While Americans express general support for responding to genocide, there are strong indications that both the public and elites are not likely to endorse a new norm that obligates the deployment of American troops into regional and civil conflicts around the globe. This article examines the prospects of American support for this pillar of R2P. It begins with an examination of the literature on how norms are created and then provides an overview of the process by which the norm of humanitarian intervention emerged in the 1990s and the degree to which it is embedded in American public opinion and decision-making circles. It then examines the challenges of gaining American public and political support for transforming the permissive norm of humanitarian intervention into a more formal obligation under R2P.

scholarly journals The Crime of Aggression and Humanitarian Intervention on Behalf of Women

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth Van Schaack
Keyword(s):  
Feminist Theory ◽  
International Criminal ◽  
Humanitarian Intervention ◽  
The United States ◽  
Criminal Court ◽  
Responsibility To Protect ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Humanitarian Interventions ◽  
Bona Fide ◽  
Gender Aspects

AbstractThis article is part of a larger project to analyse the rarely-considered gender aspects of the crime of aggression and to explore whether or not the amendments adding the crime of aggression to the Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC) represent an advancement for women. This piece focuses on the potential for the new provisions to chill bona fide exercises of humanitarian intervention given that (1) the crime is expansively drafted to potentially cover all uses of sovereign force, (2) delegates rejected efforts by the United States to include an express exception for military operations launched to prevent the commission of other crimes within the jurisdiction of the ICC, and (3) other proposals that would have prevented humanitarian interventions from being considered 'acts of aggression' were not fully explored or implemented. The article acknowledges that feminist theory may never fully come to terms with a notion of humanitarian intervention given the doctrine's valorisation of militarism, especially in light of the fact that women are so often excluded from decisions about uses of force. It nonetheless argues that if we want to hold out the possibility of humanitarian intervention being deployed in defence of women, elements of the new provisions (such as the terms 'manifest', 'character', 'gravity', and 'consequences') should be interpreted to exclude situations involving the nascent responsibility to protect doctrine.

scholarly journals Counter-Insurgency Operations of the African Union and Mitigation of Humanitarian Crisis in Somalia

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olihe Adaeze Ononogbu ◽  
Chikodiri Nwangwu
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Forced Migration ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The United States ◽  
Humanitarian Assistance ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
African Union ◽  
Humanitarian Crisis ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
The People

AbstractThe protracted armed conflict in Somalia has engendered an unprecedented humanitarian crisis; one that makes it a leading storehouse of the worst humanitarian conditions in the world. The intervention of the African Union (AU) through its third Peace Support Operation- the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM)- was aimed at supporting the Transitional Federal Institutions in the stabilisation of the country, advancing dialogue and reconciliation as well as facilitating the provision of humanitarian support. The achievement of the humanitarian component of the mission’s mandate is largely contingent on the first two mandates. Essentially, this study interrogated the interface between the implementation of the humanitarian component of AMISOM mandate and the control of the worsening conditions of Somali internally displaced persons and refugees. Anchoring analysis within the classical approach to national security, the study found that the restoration of relative stability in the polity has not widened access to economic and humanitarian assistance in the terror-laden state of Somalia. Thus, greater commitment of major stakeholders, especially the United Nations (UN), the United States as well as the AU is required in the transmutation of AMISOM and Somalia National Armed Forces into a force that is entirely indigenous to the people of Somalia. This will serve as an elixir to the ever-constricting humanitarian corridor that has exacerbated the conditions of the victims of forced migration in Somalia.

scholarly journals THE LEGALITY OF HUMANITARIAN INTERVENTION: THE CASES OF KOSOVO AND LIBYA

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Mehmet E. Erendor
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Humanitarian Intervention ◽  
International Community ◽  
Prior Authorization ◽  
International Peace ◽  
Humanitarian Crisis ◽  
Humanitarian Interventions ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
The One

Humanitarian intervention is the one of the most critical concepts with respect to legality and legitimacy. Although, there is no common definitions, theorists or international community defines it as violations of human rights. The main aim of this study is to argue that the international community has the responsibility to intervene to prevent a humanitarian crisis. This research also attempts to clarify the legality and legitimacy of humanitarian interventions which are limited to cases of threats to international peace, security and where there exists prior authorization by the UNSC. The article argues that humanitarian interventions should only be established under the authorization of the UNSC; and that when violation of human rights is interpreted as a threat to international peace and security, if an intervention has been authorized by the SC, it is legal.

Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Nilai Tukar Dollar Amerika Serikat Terhadap Rupiah Tahun 2000–2013

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-191
Author(s):  
Rizki Rahma Kusumadewi ◽  
Wahyu Widayat
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Money Supply ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Arch Model ◽  
United States Dollar ◽  
The Exchange Rate

Exchange rate is one tool to measure a country’s economic conditions. The growth of a stable currency value indicates that the country has a relatively good economic conditions or stable. This study has the purpose to analyze the factors that affect the exchange rate of the Indonesian Rupiah against the United States Dollar in the period of 2000-2013. The data used in this study is a secondary data which are time series data, made up of exports, imports, inflation, the BI rate, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and the money supply (M1) in the quarter base, from first quarter on 2000 to fourth quarter on 2013. Regression model time series data used the ARCH-GARCH with ARCH model selection indicates that the variables that significantly influence the exchange rate are exports, inflation, the central bank rate and the money supply (M1). Whereas import and GDP did not give any influence.

Epidemiology of Technology Use and Mental Health in the United States

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-56
Author(s):  
Seth W. Whiting ◽  
Rani A. Hoff
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Online Gambling ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Mental Health Issues

Advancements in technologies and their mass-scale adoption throughout the United States create rapid changes in how people interact with the environment and each other and how they live and work. As technologies become commonplace in society through increased availability and affordability, several problems may emerge, including disparate use among groups, which creates divides in attainment of the beneficial aspects of a technology’s use and coinciding mental health issues. This chapter briefly overviews new technologies and associated emerging applications in information communication technologies, social media networks, video games and massively multiplayer online role-playing games, and online gambling, then examines the prevalence of use among the general population and its subgroups and further discusses potential links between mental health issues associated with each technology and implications of overuse.

Emphasizing Choice and Autonomy in Personal Hygiene, Menstrual Health, and Sexual Health Product Distribution to People Experiencing Homelessness in Atlanta, Georgia During COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483992110249
Author(s):  
April M. Ballard ◽  
Alison T. Hoover ◽  
Ana V. Rodriguez ◽  
Bethany A. Caruso
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Product Distribution ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Support Organizations ◽  
Menstrual Health ◽  
Do So

The Dignity Pack Project is a small-scale, crisis-oriented supply chain in Atlanta, Georgia, designed to meet the acute personal hygiene,menstrual health, and sexual health needs of people experiencing homelessness (PEH). It was organized in response to conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic that continue to illuminate and exacerbate the distinct and complex challenges PEH face when trying to meet their basic needs and maintain their health. In addition to being particularly vulnerable to COVID-19 due to underlying conditions, crowding, and shared living spaces, the pandemic makes it harder for PEH to access already scant resources. Specifically, shelters across the United States have experienced outbreaks and, as a result, have reduced capacity or closed completely. Social support organizations have paused or restricted services. Donations and volunteering have decreased due to economic conditions and social distancing requirements. This practice note describes how we integrated feedback from PEH at the outset of the Dignity Pack project—and continue to do so—enabling the development of a pragmatic, humanistic outreach model that responds to the evolving needs of PEH as pandemic conditions and the seasons change. We detail how we established complementary partnerships with local organizations and respond to critical insights provided by PEH. We offer lessons and recommendations driven by the needs and preferences of PEH.

Refugees in Resettlement: Processes, Policies, and Mental Health in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-195
Author(s):  
Johanna E. Nilsson ◽  
Katherine C. Jorgenson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Culturally Responsive ◽  
The United States ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Intervention Model ◽  
Humanitarian Crisis ◽  
American Psychological ◽  
Introductory Article

According to 2019 data, there are 26 million refugees and 3.5 million asylum seekers around the globe, representing a major humanitarian crisis. This Major Contribution provides information on the experiences of refugees resettled in the United States via the presentation of five manuscripts. In this introductory article, we address the current refugee crisis, refugee policies, and resettlement processes in the United States, as well as the American Psychological Association’s response to the crisis and the role of counseling psychology in serving refugees. Next follows three empirical articles, addressing aspects of the resettlement experiences of three groups of refugees: Somali, Burmese, and Syrian. The final article provides an overview of a culturally responsive intervention model to use when working with refugees.

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