FACTORS AFFECTING ON OBESITY AND UNDERWEIGHT WITH OUTCOME AMONG PEOPLE LIVING IN THE VICINITY OF MARZIPURA, FAISALABAD

… Due to transformation in nutritional status, along with epidemiological and sociodemographic changes in developing countries like Pakistan, obesity and underweight coexistin our community. Date about coexistence of obesity (body mass index, BMI ≥ 30kg/m2) andunderweight (BMI ≥ 18.5 kg/m2) and related factors are lacking in this region of our province.This study will help us to relate different sociodemographic factors with obesity and underweight.Objective: To know the prevalence of obesity and underweight by body mass index (BMI) andto investigate the association of obesity and underweight with selected health conditions andsocioeconomic differences in this group. Study Design: Observational retrospective crosssectionalstudy. Material & Methods: The record of 1656 individual presented in medical OPDor Independent University Hospital Marzi Pura Faisalabad, during the period of 4 months Mar2013 to June 2013 was analysed. Age, Sex, Body Weight and height were enter in a structureformat sheet. Date was analysed by SPSS Version17. Results: Mean BMI was 24.0 kg/m2 (SD= 6.2), and was higher for women and decreased with age. Prevalence of obesity was 19.6%and was positively associated with female gender, family income, hypertension, and diabetesand inversely related to physical activity. Underweight affected 15.6% of participants mainly ofage group < 25 years and in elderly people, and was higher among women and low-incomefamilies. It was negatively associated with hypertension and diabetes and directly associatedwith Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and ≥ 2 hospitalizations in the previous 12 months.Conclusions: Both obesity and underweight were associated with increased morbidity. Theassociation of underweight with Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, increased hospitalization,and low family income may reflect illness-related weight loss in all age groups especially <25years due to poor care in younger by family and social deprivation of elderly in this community.Aging in poverty may lead to an increase in nutritional deficiencies and health-related problemsamong the elderly.

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The Risk of Tuberculosis Infection in Non-dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

Frontiers in Medicine ◽

10.3389/fmed.2021.715010 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Chia-Hsiang Li ◽

Hung-Jen Chen ◽

Wei-Chun Chen ◽

Chih-Yen Tu ◽

Te-Chun Hsia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Renal Function ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Body Mass ◽

Lower Risk ◽

Tuberculosis Infection ◽

University Hospital ◽

Ckd Stage ◽

Time Varying Covariates

Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) receiving maintenance renal replacement therapy are at higher risk of tuberculosis (TB) infection. The risk of TB infection in CKD patients not receiving dialysis is unknown.Aim: We conduct this study to test the hypothesis that TB infection is negatively correlated to renal function.Design: Non-dialysis CKD stage 1–5 patients, admitted in China Medical University Hospital from January of 2003 to May of 2014, were enrolled in this study and were prospectively followed up to the diagnosis of TB, death, loss to follow-up, or December 2014. The risk factors of TB infection were analyzed using competing-risks regression analysis with time-varying covariates. The initiation of dialysis and patients' death were considered as competing events. Patients' estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and body mass index (BMI) were recorded at enrollment.Results: They were followed-up for a median duration of 1.4 years. Of the 7221 patients, TB infection was identified in 114 patients. Higher eGFR was associated with lower risk of TB infection (P < 0.01). The adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio (aSHR) was 0.82 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.72 to 0.94] for every 5 ml/min/1.73 m2 increase in eGFR. In addition, higher BMI (p = 0.01) was associated with a lower risk of TB infection and the aSHR was 0.91 (95% CI, 0.85 to 0.98) for every 1 kg/m2 increase in BMI.Conclusion: Renal function and body mass index are independently associated with the risk of tuberculosis infection in patients with chronic kidney disease not receiving dialysis.

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Premature Birth is an Independent Risk Factor for Early Adiposity Rebound: Longitudinal Analysis of BMI Data from Birth to 7 Years

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12123654 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

pp. 3654

Author(s):

Maria Elisabetta Baldassarre ◽

Antonio Di Mauro ◽

Margherita Caroli ◽

Federico Schettini ◽

Valentina Rizzo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Body Mass ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care ◽

University Hospital ◽

Large For Gestational Age ◽

Adiposity Rebound ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity ◽

Preterm Newborns

Adiposity rebound (AR) refers to the second rise of the body mass index (BMI) curve that usually occurs physiologically between five and seven years of age. AR timing has a great impact on patients’ health, since early adiposity rebound (EAR) is associated with the development of metabolic syndrome later in life. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of EAR in a cohort of inborn preterm infants admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Section of the Policlinico University Hospital of Bari, Italy. Secondarily, we assessed whether some determinants such as (1) gender; (2) delivery mode; (3) birth weight and classification into small, normal, or large for gestational age; (4) type of feeding; (5) breastfeeding duration; (6) timing of introduction of solid food; (7) parental education; and (8) parental pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) influenced EAR in this cohort. The tertiary aim was to evaluate the prevalence of obesity or being overweight at seven years of age in children according to early versus timely AR. This is a prospective, population-based longitudinal study conducted at the Neonatal Intensive Care Section of the Policlinico University Hospital of Bari, Italy. Inborn preterm infants admitted to the neonatal ward between 2009 and 2011 were eligible. Enrolled preterm infants were evaluated at birth and at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 24 months and 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 years of age. Weight and height data were analyzed, and BMI was calculated. AR was assessed in the growth trajectory in a body mass index (BMI) plot. Of the 250 preterm newborns included, 100 completed the seven-year follow-up and entered the final analysis, 138 were lost during the seven-year follow-up, and in 12 cases parents withdrew over the course of the study. The prevalence of EAR in our cohort of preterm newborns was 54% at seven years of age. Early adiposity rebound was associated with being large for gestational age (LGA) at birth. No other factors were associated with EAR. Early adiposity rebounders had a significantly higher BMI at seven years compared to children with timely AR (17.2 ± 2.7 vs. 15.6 ± 2.05, p = 0.021). No significant differences were found in the prevalence of obesity or being overweight at seven years of age in children with early or timely AR (29% vs. 14%, p = 0.202). Ex-preterm infants have an increased risk of EAR. Since EAR may lead to long-term detrimental health effects with the onset of various chronic diseases (e.g., obesity, metabolic syndrome, etc.), healthcare providers should be prepared to counteract its occurrence, especially in delicate sub-populations of infants.

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